• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1632-1637
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• 2006

We studied the changes in biochemical markers of bone metabolism in growing Thoroughbred horses. Serum osteocalcin (OC), as a marker for bone formation, and carboxy-terminal propeptide of type-I collagen (PICP), as a marker for bone formation, carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (ICTP), as a marker for bone resorption, were determined in nine clinically healthy horses from 3 d to 17 mo of age. The BW and withers height (WH) increased during the study. On the other hand, a rapid reduction in body weight gain (BWG) was observed between 1 mo and 9 mo of age and a rapid reduction in withers height gain was observed between 1 mo and 5 mo of age. The serum markers decreased significantly with increasing age. In particular, dramatic changes in serum markers occurred between 3 d to 1 wk and 5 to 7 mo of age in these horses, which suggests that bone turnover rapidly decreased after birth. On the other hand, the ratio of PICP to ICTP decreased through the experiment. This result suggests that the reduction in bone formation exceeded that of bone resorption. There was a significant correlation between markers and growth parameters, except for the correlation between PICP and BWG on single linear regression analysis. Serum OC and ICTP were affected by the WH in multiple linear regression analysis. These results indicated that the age-related variation in serum biochemical markers of bone metabolism reflected bone growth, but neither BW nor BWG. Therefore, we consider that changes in bone modeling are the major factor affecting the levels of serum biochemical markers by 17 mo of age in horses.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.758-771
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• 1996

This study attempted to define reference data for the distribution of vitamin d status and to explore the relationship between vitamin D status and related biochemical indices in Korean women. The vitamin D status of 179 Korean women aged from 20 to 75 years was analyzed by using HPLC(High Pressure Liquid Chromatography). Related biochemical indices such as iPTH, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, albumin, Ca, Mg and P were also measured. The mean serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were s25.8ng/ml and 89.8pg/ml, respectively. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (<25nmol/L) was found in 29 subjects(16.5%). There was a significantly progressive decrease in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with increasing age(p<0.05). After in their, there was a dramatical reduction in 25-hydroxyvitamin D(p<0.05). It was also significant in post-menopasusal women compared with pre-menopausal women(p<0.000). Serum alkaline phosphatase levels increased significantly with age(p<0.001). Whereas serum calcium and phosphorus levels remained constant with age. Serum 250-hydroxyvitamin D was invesely related to iPTH (p<0.05) and alkaline phophatase (p<0.001).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.867-872
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• 2010

A comprehensive study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of naked neck (Na) gene on immune competence, serum biochemical parameters and carcass quality traits in three genotypes (NaNa, Nana and nana) of the naked neck chicken under a tropical climate (Southern India). Sixty day-old chicks (20 from each genotype) were selected randomly and reared under similar environmental conditions up to eight weeks of age. The cell mediated immune (CMI) response to phytohaemoagglutinin-P (PHA-P) was significantly higher ($p{\lgq}0.01$) in NaNa and Nana genotypes compared to nana birds. The humoral response as measured by antibody titre to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was also significantly higher in NaNa. The total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels were significantly ($p{\leq}0.01$) lower whereas HDL cholesterol level was significantly higher in NaNa and Nana compared to nana genotype. The presence of Na allele significantly increased the live weight and dressing yield, and decreased the feather cover and abdominal fat. The naked neck genotypes (NaNa/Nana) performed better than the normal (nana) siblings for almost all the traits studied.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2008

A screening study of the acute toxicity of organic arsenics such as arsenobetaine and arsenocholine, a product of arsenic methylation metabolite, and inorganic arsenic was carried out to examine hematological and serum biochemical parameters in cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis). We found soft and liquid feces, and vomiting in all treated groups with inorganic and organic arsenics. The monkeys in inorganic arsenic-treated group showed a significant increase in vomiting frequency compared with those in three organic arsenics-treated groups. These results suggest that inorganic arsenic might be more toxic than three other organic arsenics tested. The monkeys in inorganic arsenic-treated group showed a decrease in platelet and an increase in monocyte on day 4 and the monkeys in arsenocholine-treated group showed an increase in reticulocyte percentage on day 8. The monkeys in inorganic-treated group also showed decreases in AST and ALT values and the monkeys in arsenobetaine-treated group showed a decrease in AST value and an increase in T-CHO value. However, these hematological and biochemical changes were within the physiological ranges, showing that the single dose of inorganic and organic arsenics did not affect at least hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The present study of toxicity with single dose of arsenics provides valuable indicators for longer term study of toxicity of repeated doses of arsenics in primates.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8387-8390
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• 2016

Background: Treatment of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer is largely empirically based. The use of PSA kinetics has been used as a guide to determine local or systemic treatment of biochemical failure. We here compared PSA kinetics with detection of bone marrow micrometastasis as methods to determine local or systemic relapse. Materials and Methods: A transversal study was conducted of men with biochemical failure, defined as a serum PSA >0.2ng/ml after radical prostatectomy. Consecutive patients having undergone radical prostatectomy and with biochemical failure were enrolled and clinical and pathological details were recorded. Bone marrow biopsies were obtained from the iliac crest and touch prints made, micrometastasis (mM) being detected using anti-PSA. The clinical parameters of total serum PSA, PSA velocity, PSA doubling time and time to biochemical failure, age, Gleason score and pathological stage were registered. Results: A total of 147 men, mean age $71.6{\pm}8.2years$, with a median time to biochemical failure of 5.5 years (IQR 1.0-6.3 years) participated in the study. Bone marrow samples were positive for micrometastasis in 98/147 (67%) of patients at the time of biochemical failure. The results of bone marrow micrometastasis detected by immunocytochemistry were not concordant with local relapse as defined by PSA velocity, time to biochemical failure or Gleason score. In men with a PSA doubling time of < six months or a total serum PSA of >2,5ng/ml at the time of biochemical failure the detection of bone marrow micrometastasis was significantly higher. Conclusions: The detection of bone marrow micrometastasis could be useful in defining systemic relapse, this minimally invasive procedure warranting further studies with a larger group of patients.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.100-103
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• 2004

The plant Indigofera aspalathoides are used by a large number of tribes in India for the treatment of various hepatic disorder. The methanol extract of Indigofera aspalathoides (MEIA) was evaluated for its effect on carbontetrachloride $(CCl_{4})$ induced liver damage. Biochemical parameters such as serum glutamine oxaloacetate trasaminase (SGOT), serum glutamine pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total serum protein (TP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBRS) and glutathione content of the liver were estimated to assess liver function and metabolism. Biochemical observations suggest that methanol extract of Indigofera aspalathoides (MEIA) significantly restored the liver function and metabolism towards normal condition in $CCl_{4}$-induced hepatic damage.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

The hepatoprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. In hepatotoxic rats, liver damage was studied by assessing parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (AlT), alkaline phosphatase (AIP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in serum, and concentrations of total proteins, total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesterol in both serum and liver. The effect of co-administration of ethanolic extract on the above parameters was further investigated. Histopathological study of the liver in experimental animals was also undertaken. Hepatic damage as evidenced by a rise in the levels of AST, AIT, AIP and GGT in serum, and also changes observed in other biochemical parameters In serum and liver showed a tendency to attain near normalcy in animals co-administered with the extract. The normal values for AST (IU/L), AIP (IU/I), protein (g/100 ml) and total lipids (mg/100 ml) in serum (i.e.,20.24, 70.04, 5.72 and 135.54 respectively) were found to alter towards values 32.61, 127.11, 3.83 and 265.91 in hepatotoxic rats. These parameters Attained near normal values (I.e.,22.82, 79.30, 5.22 and 151.24 for AST, AIP protein and total lipids respectively) in ethanolic extract co-administered rats. Profound steatosis, ballooning degeneration and nodule formation observed in the hepatic architecture of $CCl_4$ treated rats were found to acquire near-normalcy in drug co-administered rats, thus corroborating the biochemical observations. Thus the study substantiates the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.255-265
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• 2020

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of available phosphorus (AP) levels with or without supplemental phytase on the performance, egg quality, and serum biochemical parameters of laying hens. A total of 540 laying hens (40-week-old) were housed in cages and assigned to 6 dietary treatments with 5 replicates each, for 20 weeks. The treatments consisted of 0.20%, 0.25%, and 0.30% AP diets with or without phytase supplementation. During the 20-week period, egg production was lowest in hens fed the 0.20% AP diet; however, phytase supplementation in the diet completely corrected the adverse effect (P<0.05). No consistent difference was observed in egg production between hens fed the 0.25% and 0.30% AP diets and those fed the 0.20% and 0.30% AP diets with phytase supplementation. Similarly, egg mass was lowest in the 0.20% AP diet-fed group, and no difference in egg mass was observed in the 0.25% and 0.30% AP diet as well as the phytase-supplemented diet groups; however, egg mass was improved in the phytase-supplemented diet groups(P<0.05). Egg quality traits did not differ with dietary treatments. Serum alkaline phosphatase level showed a linear decrease (P<0.05) in the phytase-treated groups with increasing AP levels; moreover, a numerically linear increase (P<0.05) in serum Ca and P levels was observed in the phytase-treated groups. The results of this study indicate that phytase supplementation in the diet of laying hens could increase egg production and may lead to greater mineral absorption.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2008

In a project to study the hepatroprotective effect of some plant extracts four plants Ephedra foliate Boiss, Alhagi maurorum Medikus, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. were studied. The ethanol extract of the aerial part of the first three plants and the flowers of H. sabdariffa were subjected to hepatoprotective assays using Wistar albino rats. Liver injury induced in rats using carbon tetrachloride. The biochemical parameters; serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin were estimated as reflection of the liver condition. Based on the good results of the biochemical parameters measurements, histopathological study was performed on the liver of rats treated with E. foliate. The normal appearance of hepatocytes indicated a good protection of the extract from carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. All the results were compared with silymarin, the reference hepatoprotective drug.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.437-445
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• 1995

This experiment was carried out to study the preventive effect of cysteine on the toxicities of captafol to the hematological and serum biochemical values. A single dose of captafol(5mg/kg BW, ip) was given to male Sprague-Dawley rats and its toxicities were evalutated by body weitht changes, autopsy findings, absolute organ weight, and hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The single dose of captafol caused significant decreases in body weitht, and absolute liver weight, as-cites, fibrin clot in abdominal cavity, adhesion of liver lobes significant elevation of number of RBC, hemoglobin concentration and serum AST activity, and decreased of serum phospholipid level. Where as cysteine(over 58mg/kg BW) given immediately after captafol appeared to prevent the ascites, fibrin clot in abdominal cavity and liver lobe adhesion. It also prevented the liver and blood, especially RBC toxicites. The results suggest that cysteine and other compounds containing sulfhydryl groups may protect the subjects from captafol-induced toxicity.