• Title/Summary/Keyword: Serotonin

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The Role of Serotonin in Pathology and Treatment of the Mood Disorders (기분장애의 병리와 치료에 있어 세로토닌의 역할)

  • Jung, In Kwa;Kim, Jin Se
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.168-178
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    • 1997
  • The serotonin has been known to play important roles in pathology of the mood disorders. We summerize the evidences of serotonin in pathology of the mood disroders in a view of neuroanatomical and neurochemical aspects. Nowaday, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs) may be practically the first line of antidepressants with traditional tricyclic antidepressants(TCAs). Authors review the role of serotonin in the treatment of the mood disorders, in a view of the general considerations in selecting antidepressants, pharmacology, therapeutic indications, side effects, doses of medication, drug-discontinuation syndrome, drug-to-drug interactions, and special therapeutic situations.

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Serotonin in Psychiatry (세로토닌과 정신의학)

  • Yang, Byung-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.155-161
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    • 1997
  • Serotonin has been implicated in the etiology of many disease states and may be particularly important mental illness, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, sleep disorders, suicide, eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, migraine and others. Many currently used treatments of these disorders are thought to act by modulating serotonergic function. The identification of many serotonin subtypes, most of which have been shown to have functional activity and differential distribution, has stimulated considerable effort into synthesizing selective ligands(drugs) to help understand their significance. This should understand the role of serotonin in mental disorders and these new drugs can be studied alone and in combination with other treatments in order to clarify the parameters of drug use for the clinical effect.

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Effect of Tryptophan on Serotonin and Opiate Receptor Binding in Stressed Rats (트립토판이 스트레스 받은 쥐 뇌의 세로토닌과 오피에이트 수용체 결합에 미치는 영향)

  • 김은미;김해리
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.326-331
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    • 1991
  • Brain serotonin and its utilization was investigated on stressed rats after feeding high tryptophan diet for a month. High tryptophan fed rats displayed significantly higher level of serum tryptophan, brain tryptophan, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) than the control diet fed rats. When rats were treated with 3 hour immobilization (IMMB) stress, serotonin turnover was slightly increased, but not statistically significant, in control diet group rats. However in high tryptophan diet rats, 3 hr IMMB stress resulted in statistically significantly (p<0.05) decreased the serum tryptophan, brain tryptophan and 5-HT level. The concentration of 5-HIAA was significantly increased indicating accelerated utilization of the brain 5-HT of the high trp. fed rat. The utilization pattern of the serotonin was found to be similar among young and adult rats. Rats on a tryptophan enriched diet displayed higher coping ability to the stress as they exhibited smaller increment of corticosterone level. A possble involvement of opioid system was suggested in serotonin utilization by measuring total $^{3}$[H]-naloxone binding in brain.

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A Study on the Serotonin Metabolism and the Morphine-related Analgesic Mechanism in Mice Fed Tryptophan Supplemented Diet (I) (트립토판 보강식이를 섭취한 마우스에서 serotonin 대사와 orphine 진통기작 관련성에 대한 연구(I))

  • 권영혜;이윤욱;김해리
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.311-317
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    • 2000
  • In this study we fed control diet and tryptophan supplemented diets containing 0.1,0.2,0.35% tryptophan to ICR mice for 1∼3 weeks to investigate the effects of tryptophan supplemented diet on pain sensitivity and the analgesic mechanism of serotonin. Animals fed tryptophan supplemented diets displayed increased antinociception when measured with hot plate and phenylquinone-writhing tests. And animals with typtophan supplemented diet had higher brain serotonin and 5-HIAA concentration than the control animals.

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Cell Biological Study on Factors Affecting Brain Formation at Early Chick Embryo (1) The Effect of Serotonin (초기 계배의 뇌형성에 미치는 몇가지 요인에 관한 세포 생물학적 연구 (1) Serotonin의 영향)

  • 최임순;주상옥;주충노;오억수;신길상
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.55-73
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    • 1989
  • The effect of tryptophan or serotonin on the early stage of chick brain development has been morphologically investigated using an electron microscope. The electron micrographs of neural plate cells of 1-day chick embryo treated with tryptophan or serotonin showed irregularity, evagination and disruption of nuclear membrane and nuclear chromatin condenstation, nucleolar margination and segregation. Hypertrophy of stalks, vesicles and vaculoes were seen and dilated and disrupted rough endoplasmic reticulum and underdeveloped neurotubules were also observed. In mesenchyme cells of tryptophan or serotonin administered 18 hr embryo, irregular nuclear membrane, swollen mitochondria, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and very large yolk granules were observed. Furthermore, DNA, RNA and protein contents of the embryos treated with typtophan or serotonin were considerably lower than those of control group. The amount of tubulin of the experimental groups was also greatly lower than that of control, suggesting that the impairment of microtubule formation occurred. Tryptophan or serotonin administration might depress the biosynthesis, of nucleic acid and protein including some enzymes tested. It seems that the serotonin formed from exogeneous tryptophan might inhibit the degradation of yolk granule by feedback regulation mechanism so as to impair microtububle and microvilli formation followed by a malformation of chick embryos.

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Neuroimmunological Mechanism of Pruritus in Atopic Dermatitis Focused on the Role of Serotonin

  • Kim, Kwangmi
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.506-512
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    • 2012
  • Although pruritus is the critical symptom of atopic dermatitis that profoundly affect the patients' quality of life, controlling and management of prurirtus still remains as unmet needs mainly due to the distinctive multifactorial pathogenesis of pruritus in atopic dermatitis. Based on the distinct feature of atopic dermatitis that psychological state of patients substantially influence on the intensity of pruritus, various psychotropic drugs have been used in clinic to relieve pruritus of atopic dermatitis patients. Only several psychotropic drugs were reported to show real antipruritic effects in atopic dermatitis patients including naltrexone, doxepin, trimipramine, bupropion, tandospirone, paroxetine and fluvoxamine. However, the precise mechanisms of antipruritic effect of these psychotropic drugs are still unclear. In human skin, serotonin receptors and serotonin transporter protein are expressed on skin cells such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, dermal fibroblasts, mast cells, T cells, natural killer cells, langerhans cells, and sensory nerve endings. It is noteworthy that serotonergic drugs, as well as serotonin itself, showed immune-modulating effect. Fenfluramine, fluoxetine and 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine significantly decreased lymphocyte proliferation. It is still questionable whether these serotonergic drugs exert the immunosuppressive effects via serotonin receptor or serotonin transporter. All these clinical and experimental reports suggest the possibility that antipruritic effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in atopic dermatitis patients might be at least partly due to their suppressive effect on T cells. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the precise mechanism of neuroimmunological interaction in pruritus of atopic dermatitis.

The Binding Study of $^{125}I-LSD$ to Platelet Membrane in Alcoholism (주정중독환자의 혈소판막과 $^{125}I-LSD$ 결합에 관한 연구)

  • Chung, Young Chul;Eun, Hong Bai
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.245-250
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    • 1996
  • This research was performed to find out the changes of serotonin receptors in the platelet of alcoholics. Using $_{125}I-LSD$ as a radioligand. We obtained the following results. 1) In the comparison of patients vs controls, $B_{max}$ of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter(P=0.0017). But there was no significant difference in the Kd between the two groups. 2) In the comparison of type 1 vs type 2, alcoholics by cloninger's classification $B_{max}$ of the latter was significantly higher than that of the farmer(P=0.0396). But there was no significant difference in the Kd between the two groups. 3) In the comparison of alcohol abuse vs alcohol dependence, there were no significant differences in the value of $B_{max}$ and Kd between the two groups. These results support the hypothesis of serotonin-deficit in alcoholism. Furthermore, it can be inferred that the increase of platelet serotonin receptors in alcoholics might be used as a trait marker.

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Role of Serotonin in Pathophysiology and Treatment of OCD (강박장애의 병태생리와 치료에 있어 세로토닌의 역할)

  • Kim, Chan-Hyung
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.179-187
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    • 1997
  • The clinical efficacy of serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD) has fueled interest in the neurobiological basis of this illness. OCD is responsive exclucively to potent serotonin reuptake inhibitors clomipramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, and paroxetine and this point forms the important evidence supporting a cental role for serotonin in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Other serotonergic medications such as lithium, buspirone, trazodone, or fenfluramine may be useful as adjuvant treatments in treatmentrefractory OCD and adjuvant antipsychotics are useful in tic disorders, personality disorders, and psychotic disorders. This paper reviews results of treatment studies, investigations of biological markers, and neuroendocrine challenges and implications for the role of serotonin in pathophysiology and treatment of OCD.

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Cell Biological Studies of the EfEect of Serotonin on Chick Embryogenesis (초기계배 발생에 미치는 Serotonin의 영향에 관한 세포생물학적 연구)

  • 최임순;주충노
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.432-444
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    • 1987
  • Very early stage of chick embryo cultivated in the medium containing DLtryptophan by beaker method has been investigated in vitro morphologically using electron microscopy at cellular level and found that the development of tryptophan treated chick embryos corresponding to 18∼66 hrs incubation was impaired and york granule degradation was significantly delayed. It was also found that DNA, RNA and protein biosynthesis of tryptophan treated chick embryo was greatly lowered than those of control group. Conversion of L-tryptophan into serotonin was traced using 14C-L-tryptophan and found that 13.8cA of added radioactivity was recovered from serotonin formed during 18 hrs incubation and the amounts of serotonin formed were depend upon added amount of tryptophan in e99 yolk. It seemed that the serotonin formed from external tryptophan might inhibit the degradation of yolk granule by feedback mechanism, resulting in malformation of chick embryogenesis.

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Association between Serotonin 2A(T102C) and 1B(G861C) Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Suicidal Attempt with Drug Intoxication in Korean Populations (음독 자살 시도와 세로토닌 수용체 2A(T102C) 및 1B(G861C) 유전자 다형성에 관한 연합연구)

  • Kim, Dong-Hyeon;Kwon, Young-Joon;Kim, Jae-Woo;Shim, Se-Hoon;Jung, Hee-Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.110-116
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    • 2004
  • Objectives:Recently, polymorphisms of several serotonin genes have been suggested to be associated with suicide, but the results are still unclear. We examined whether the T102C polymorphisms of the serotonin 2A receptor gene and the G861C polymorphisms of the serotonin 1B receptor gene were associated with suicidal behavior using drug intoxication. Methods:The subjects were 52 patients who visited emergency room with suicidal behaviors. Fifty controls were selected from healthy volunteers matched for sex and age to the suicide subjects. The polymorphisms were analyzed with TaqMan$^{(R)}$ assay using primers based on previous studies. Results:The T102C polymorphism of the serotonin 2A receptor gene showed no significant difference between the suicidal attempters and controls in both genotype and allele frequency analyses(p=0.179 and p=0.422, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the suicidal attempters and the controls in the G861C polymorphism of the serotonin 1B receptor gene and any significant effect of the genotype distributions or the allele frequencies was not observed(p=0.092 and p=0.987, respectively). Conclusion:These findings suggest that the T102C polymorphism in serotonin 2A receptor gene and the G861C polymorphism in serotonin 1B receptor gene are not related to the susceptibility to suicide attempts using drugs. To clarify the genetic influences of the serotonergic system on suicidal behavior, the polymorphisms of other candidate genes in the serotonergic system should be studied with larger numbers of subjects.

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