• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.494-500
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• 2008

This paper presents the analyzed result of the series arc fault current by using the discrete wavelet transform. The series arcing is caused by a loose connection in series with the load circuit. The series arc current is limited to a moderate value by the resistance of the device connected to the circuit, such as an appliance or a lighting system. The amount of energy in the sparks from the series arcing is less than in the case of parallel arcing but only a few amps are enough to be a fire hazard. Therefore, it is hard to detect the distinctive difference between a normal current and a intermittent arc current. This paper, presents the variation of the ratio of peak values and RMS values of the series arc fault current, and proposes the novel series arc fault detecting method by using the discrete wavelet transform. Loads such as a CFL lamp, a vacuum cleaner, a personal computer, and a television, which has the very similar normal current with the arc current, were selected to confirm the novel method.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1664-1672
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• 2015

This paper proposes a series arc fault detection algorithm which incorporates peak voltage and harmonic current detectors for single-phase boost power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers. The series arc fault model is also proposed to analyze the phenomenon of the arc fault and detection algorithm. For arc detection, the virtual dq transformation is utilized to detect the peak input voltage. In addition, multiple combinations of low- and high-pass filters are applied to extract the specific harmonic components which show the characteristics of the series arc fault conditions. The proposed model and the arc detection method are experimentally verified through a boost PFC rectifier prototype operating under the grid-tied condition with an artificial arc generator manufactured under the guidelines for the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 1699 standard.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2021

This study proposes a DC series arc fault detector using a frequency analysis method called the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), in which the processing speed of the DWT algorithm is improved effectively. The processing time can be shortened because of the time characteristic of the DWT result. The performance of the developed DC series arc fault detector for a large photovoltaic system is verified with various DC series arc generation conditions. Successful DC series arc detection and improved calculation time were both demonstrated through the measured actual arc experimental result.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2009

Electrical fires have been occurred continuously in spite of installing ELB. Therefore the concern with the electrical arc-fault that cause the fire has growing. This paper measured series arc fault currents by the method of arc generator test in UL standard 1699. The used analysis methods in this paper are three different ways using DWT(discrete wavelet transform) those are frequently used for the arc fault current signal analysis. The arc fault detection probability is 100 % by method using noise-energy/shoulder-duration ratio of approximation coefficient. As these results, the variation of noise-energy and shoulder-duration ratio of approximation coefficient are founded important factors for the analysis of arc fault.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권8호
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• pp.1470-1477
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• 2008

In this paper, a new detection method of series arc-fault signals occurring at the wiring of home appliances is proposed. The discrete wavelet transform was used for the numerical analysis of the variation rate in peak, RMS, noise energy, shoulder of the arc-fault current wave. As a results, the arc distinction threshold value of these variation rates was about 0.1 in most cases. The arc-fault current of the loads with the active PFC circuit showed a high rate of variation in noise energy and shoulder, but arc-fault current of the loads without the active PFC circuit showed a high rate of variation in peak and RMS. The arc fault current in resistive loads showed a high rate of variation in shoulder.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.766-776
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• 2015

It is well known that series arc faults in Low Voltage DC (LVDC) distribution system occur at unintended points of discontinuity within an electrical circuit. These faults can make circuit breakers not respond timely due to low fault current. It, therefore, is needed to detect the series fault for protecting circuits from electrical fires. This paper proposes a novel scheme to detect the series arc fault using Wavelet Singular Value Decomposition (WSVD) and state diagram. In this paper, the fault detector developed is designed by using three criterion factors based on the RMS value of Singular value of Approximation (SA), Sum of the absolute value of Detail (SD), and state diagram. LVDC distribution system including AC/DC and DC/DC converter is modeled to verify the proposed scheme using ElectroMagnetic Transient Program (EMTP) software. EMTP/MODELS is also utilized to implement the series arc model and WSVD. Simulation results according to various conditions clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권10호
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• pp.1554-1560
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• 2012

In this paper, the even harmonic current(2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th) of the arc fault current and normal current were measured in computer load and analyzed. The BPF with GIC was developed to detection of harmonic, the exact center frequency and a high degree of sharpness could be easily obtained. The total even harmonic distortion due to series arc fault in computer load was 31.2%, this value was increased 3.9 times better than the total even harmonic distortion of normal current. The results of analysis of arc fault current RMS variation rate and Peak variation rate per half-cycle, The RMS average variation rate are as follows ; the 2nd harmonic was 0.24, the 4th harmonic was 0.15, the 6th harmonic was 0.19, the 8th harmonic was 0.25, respectively. The Peak average variation rate are as follows ; the 2nd harmonic was 0.19, the 4th harmonic was 0.12, the 6th harmonic was 0.13, the 8th harmonic was 0.15, respectively. The results of this analysis utilize data to detect of series arc fault on wiring of computer load.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2016년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.38-39
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• 2016

Most of fires are electric fires and 78.65% of those fires are caused by electric arc fault. This series arc fault can be caused not only by decrepit wire, pressed wire or contact badness etc. anywhere we use electricity. There are signs of heat release and flame discharge before the arc fire accident happens. This paper proposes a circuit topology for alarm system of series arc fault. We also verify the qualification of system through various arc fault simulator.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기설비전문위원
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• pp.205-207
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• 2009

In 2007, 9,128 fires are attributed to electrical equipments. These fires resulted in 29 deaths and 262 injuries. Arc-faults were one of the major causes of these fires. When an unintended arc-fault occurs, it generates intense heat that can easily ignite surrounding combustibles. Conventional circuit breakers only respond to overloads, short circuits, and leakage currents. Therefore, the breakers do not protect against arcing conditions. This paper presents results obtained in experiments on ignition behavior of wire by series arc fault currents and techniques developed to detect the arc-faults. The developed technique was tested after installation to make sure they are working properly and protecting the circuit. If the developed arc detecting technique is applied, the electrical fires caused by an arc-fault can be reduced.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2022

This paper applies the arc detection algorithm to prevent the false detection in photo voltaic series arc detection circuit, which is required not only to detect the series arc quickly, but also not falsely detect the arc for the non-arc noise. For this purpose, this study proposes a rapid and preventive false detection method of single peak noise and short noise signals. First, to prevent false detection by single peak noise, Discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based characteristic parameters are applied to determine the shape and the amplitude of the noise. In addition, arc fault detection within a few milliseconds is performed with the DWT iterative algorithm to quickly prevent false detection for short noise signals, considering the continuity of serial arc noise. Thus, the method operates not only to detect series arc, but also to avoid false arc detection for peak and short noises. The proposed algorithm is applied to real-time serial arc detection circuit based on the TMS320F28335 DSP. The serial arc detection and peak noise filtering performances are verified in the built simulated arc test facility. Furthermore, the filtering performance of short noise generated through DC switch operation is confirmed.