• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.415-420
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• 2012

In order to evaluate the effect of seed weight on different aspect of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed germination and growth characteristics. Quantity of sinapine leaked from seed was greater as the viability of seeds was dropped by the time elapsed of seed aging model and long storage condition in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). The cultivar of safflower was Jin-Sun and the seeds that are separated to three different weights of small, middle, and large were used in this experiment. Large seeds revealed the highest germination percent, coleoptiles fresh weight, coleoptiles dry weight, radicle fresh weight and 1000 seed weights than other seed weight. Seed weight had little effect on yield while seed number exerted a positive influence. Interestingly, yield per plant and its major components, number of capsules and capsule weights, revealed a negligible relationship with oil content.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.293-297
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• 2012

The movement of vesicles from the neuronal cell body to specific destinations requires molecular motors. The squid giant axon represents a powerful model for studies of the axonal transport mechanism because the axoplasm can readily be separated from the sheath by simple extrusion. In a previous study, vesicular movements in the axoplasm of the squid giant axon were inhibited by the kinesin antibody. In the present study, we cloned and sequenced the cDNAs for squid brain KIFs. Amplification of the conserved nucleotide sequences of the motor domain by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using first-strand cDNAs of the squid optic lobe identified six new KIF proteins. Motif analysis of the motor domains revealed that the squid KIFs are homologous to the consensus sequences of the mouse KIFs. The phylogenetic tree generated by using the maximum parsimony (MP) method, the neighbor-joining (NJ) method, the minimum evolution (ME) method, and the maximum likelihood (ML) method showed that squid KIFs are closest to mouse KIFs. These data prove the phylogenetic relationships between squid KIFs and mouse ones.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.60
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• pp.31-71
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• 2018

This study focused on analysis of experience for adults' reunion with original family members who had lived in child care facilities during the childhood and adolescence. It was researched based on the grounded theory from nineteen participants have interacted with their own separated family members for more than ten years after had been reunited with them. As written in the result section of the study using the paradigm model analysis showed that it was caused by feel regret by reunion, absence of belonging and repeated abandoned wound. The contextual condition appeared as sensitive memories as wounded and frustration of compensation mentality. The centralization phenomenon came in a whirlpool of emotion. The intervention condition appeared as recognition of filial piety, support system for parents and healing their parents mind. The action-interaction showed up as revenge with good will, setting own boding free, inspire of own pride, family reconciliation. The consequence appeared as family sublimation, successful execution of life task and getting living foundation. This research made practical and political proposals based on above result and described the limitations of the study and the proposals for the latter study.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

An optical method was introduced to investigate the dispersion stability of Saengshik beverages (SB) containing 3.7-11.7% Saengshik powder (SP). Time course changes in backscattering light flux (BSLF) from SB were monitored by a Turbiscan. BSLF in the bottom and top layers of SB increased by forming sediment and foam, respectively, while that in the middle layer decreased by clarifying. With SP levels, sedimentation in SB was retarded, but the height of total sedimentation layer was increased. A logarithmic model was developed to fit to the changes in BSLF with time, showing determination coefficients of 0.979-0.988. The levels of SP in SB influenced the migration speed of the clarification front as well as the numbers of separated layers; 2 layers in SB containing 3.7% SP, 3 in 5.7-9.7%, and 4 in 11.7%. Formation of clear layers started after 17-29 min and continued for 22-53 min. The clarification was retarded most in SB containing 7.7% SP, indicating the most stable SP level for the SB preparation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.99-107
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• 2010

This paper showed that the integrated system to fortify security was much more efficient than the respective system through the analysis of problems from Firewall and IPS system in the existing security systems. The results of problem analysis revealed that there were the delay of processing time and lack of efficiency in the existing security systems. Accordingly, their performance was evaluated by using the separated Firewall, IPS system, and the integrated system. The result of evaluation shows that the integrated security system this paper suggested is five times faster than the existing one in terms of processing speed of response. This paper demonstrated the excellence of the proposed security system is also more than fivefold in session handling per second and six times process speeding in the CPU processing performance. In addition, several security policies are applied, and it provided a fact that it gave an excellent performance when it comes to protecting from harmful traffic attacks. In conclusion, this paper emphasized that fortifying the integrated security system was more efficient than fortifying the existing one considering in various respects such as cost, management, time, space and so on.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.47-52
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• 2021

Recently, demand for artificial intelligence solutions for production process management has been increasing in the manufacturing industry. However, through the application of AI solutions in the manufacturing industry, there are limitations to legacy smart factory solutions such as POP and MES.Therefore, in order to overcome this, this paper aims to improve production management efficiency by applying guidance, an artificial intelligence concept, to image recognition systems. In the system flow, As_is To be separated and actual work flow was applied, and the process was improved for overall productivity efficiency. The pre-processing plan for AI guidance learning was established and the relevant AI model was designed, developed, and simulated, resulting in a 97% recognition rate.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.106-112
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• 2021

In this study, we performed a design and structural analysis of a blade-shaped antenna installation on the rear fuselage of a rotary wing aircraft operated by the military. When the structure is damaged while the aircraft is in operation, it is separated from the aircraft main structure and may collide with the rotor or blades to cause the aircraft to crash. Therefore, structural safety for the modified structure must be secured. The design requirement for the newly installed modified part were established, and the load condition was constructed by applying the load that may occur in the aircraft after the modification. Structure safety for the modified structure was secured by performing structure analysis. To analysis stress and deformation of aircraft structure, we developed finite element model and verified it by using hand calculation method. We confirmed the safety of the modified structure through the final structural integrity analysis.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.967-972
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• 2018

Study Design: Biomechanical study. Purpose: To investigate the relative stiffness of a new posterior pelvic fixation for unstable vertical fractures of the sacrum. Overview of Literature: The reported operative fixation techniques for vertical sacral fractures include iliosacral screw, sacral bar fixations, transiliac plating, and local plate osteosynthesis. Clinical as well as biomechanical studies have demonstrated that these conventional techniques are insufficient to stabilize the vertically unstable sacral fractures. Methods: To simulate a vertically unstable fractured sacrum, 12 synthetic pelvic models were prepared. In each model, a 5-mm gap was created through the left transforaminal zone (Denis zone II). The pubic symphysis was completely separated and then stabilized using a 3.5-mm reconstruction plate. Four each of the unstable pelvic models were then fixed with two iliosacral screws, a tension band plate, or a transiliac fixation plus one iliosacral screw. The left hemipelvis of these specimens was docked to a rigid base plate and loaded on an S1 endplate by using the Zwick Roell z010 material testing machine. Then, the vertical displacement and coronal tilt of the right hemipelves and the applied force were measured. Results: The transiliac fixation plus one iliosacral screw constructions could withstand a force at 5 mm of vertical displacement greater than the two iliosacral screw constructions (p=0.012) and the tension band plate constructions (p=0.003). The tension band plate constructions could withstand a force at $5^{\circ}$ of coronal tilt less than the two iliosacral screw constructions (p=0.027) and the transiliac fixation plus one iliosacral screw constructions (p=0.049). Conclusions: This study proposes the use of transiliac fixation in addition to an iliosacral screw to stabilize vertically unstable sacral fractures. Our biomechanical data demonstrated the superiority of adding transiliac fixation to withstand vertical displacement forces.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2357-2380
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• 2019

In this paper, we investigate the impact of hardware impairments (HWIs) on the performance of a downlink massive MIMO system. We consider a single-cell system with maximum ratio transmission (MRT) as precoding scheme, and with all the HWIs characteristics such as phase noise, distortion noise, and amplified thermal noise. Based on the system model, we derive closed-form expressions for a typical user data rate under two scenarios: when a common local oscillator (CLO) is used at the base station and when separated oscillators (SLOs) are used. We also derive closed-form expressions for the downlink transmit power required for some desired per-user data rate under each scenario. Compared to the conventional system with ideal transceiver hardware, our results show that impairments of hardware make a finite upper limit on the user's downlink channel capacity; and as the number of base station antennas grows large, it is only the hardware impairments at the users that mainly limit the capacity. Our results also show that SLOs configuration provides higher data rate than CLO at the price of higher power consumption. An approach to minimize the effect of the hardware impairments on the system performance is also proposed in the paper. In our approach, we show that by reducing the cell size, the effect of accumulated phase noise during channel estimation time is minimized and hence the user capacity is increased, and the downlink transmit power is decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2019

We compared methodologies based on the density functional theory (DFT), e.g., time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT), TD-DFT within Tamm-Dancoff approximation (TDA-DFT), and spin-unrestricted DFT (UDFT), that are usually employed to optimize the geometries of ${\pi}$-conjugated molecules in their lowest lying triplet excited ($T_1$) state. As a model system for ${\pi}$-conjugated molecules, we employed 1,2,3,4,5-pentacyano-6-phenyl-benzene. In conjunction with 6-31G(d) basis sets, we made use of gap-tuned range-separated ${\omega}B97X$ functional which is often employed recently in the calculations of molecular excited states. Near the equilibrium geometries, we found that the important difference between the geometries derived at UDFT level and those at TD-DFT or TDA-DFT methods: more stable ground-state energies but higher triplet excitation energies for UDFT derived geometries. In the studies, we discuss such differences in more detail.