• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.801-806
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• 2021

Rail corrugation is continuously increasing due to the lack of maintenance regulations for the amount of rail irregularities. Rail corrugation is causing various problems, such as a decrease in ride comfort and an increase in the amount of track maintenance. In this paper, the effect of rail corrugation on the track force was analyzed by measuring the rail irregularities before and after rail grinding and the track measurements (dynamic wheel load, displacement, and acceleration) for the section where the rail corrugation occurred. In addition, it was experimentally proven that the rail grinding performed to reduce the corrugation of the rail was very effective in reducing the additional forces on the track.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.208-219
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• 2023

Recently, as mega-urbanization progresses, urban logistics centered on large cities is growing rapidly, and logistics transportation is increasing due to the lack of logistics infrastructure and the operation of a delivery system using cargo trucks in the city center. being cited as a cause. In order to solve this problem, domestic researchers are conducting research on the development of " Urban Underground railway Logistics System" that minimizes the initial infrastructure construction cost by utilizing the existing urban railway facilities in the city. Therefore, this paper analyzed the usage environment of the actual urban railway station to which the system will be applied in order to derive candidates for the test bed selection of "Urban Underground railway Logistics System". The evaluation criteria for test bed candidate role selection were established, and the candidate group derived from the Brown & Gibson model was used to evaluate the candidate group and derive the candidate role. A review of the results was conducted to contribute to the establishment of a test bed for the " Urban Underground railway Logistics System" under development.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.220-229
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• 2023

The development of logistics technology due to the 4th Industrial Revolution and logistics 4.0 has changed the logistics environment from offline to online, and the growth of the online market has accelerated due to the recent increase in non-face-to-face delivery due to COVID-19. Such growth in the online market has expanded the logistics market for delivery, and contributes to creating an advanced logistics ecosystem as last mile services and logistics technologies begin to grow together. As traffic and environmental problems arise as a result, interest in transportation means of cargo increases, and changes to cargo electric vehicles and delivery cycles are being considered. However, since mass transportation of transportation focused on terminal delivery such as cargo electric vehicles and delivery cycles is limited in handling large quantities in urban areas, methods for efficiently transporting cargo while considering the environment are being devised. In order to solve such environmental problems and increase the efficiency of logistics delivery in urban areas, technologies using underground spaces based on existing urban railroads are being developed. In this study, a study was conducted on the establishment of evaluation criteria for selecting a test bed, which is a space for applying the system.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.156-172
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• 2018

Recently, Korea suffered serious social conflicts between generations due to population aging. Anxiety about depletion of the National Pension Fund is one of the social problem to young generation, because of the uncertainty that they will not able to receive the pension they paid. At the same time, due to the high housing rent in Seoul metropolitan area, the demand for housing welfare and supply of public rental housing for young generation was increased. There are some opinions about using National Pension Fund to supplying public rental houses in the society. In this research, we were concentrated on finding the suitable areas for the public rental house using National Pension Fund. First, verifying the validity of the investment using National Pension Fund for the public rental housing was done. And spatial statistical methods were applied to explore the suitable areas for the public rental housing in Seoul metro area. Finally, this study divided young people into three groups and analyzed ways to supply public rental housing for each group in proper areas by their demand. This research's ultimate goals are mitigating the conflicts between the generations and achieving both profitability and publicness of National Pension Fund.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.358-374
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• 2008

This study examines whether and how ages of child affect accessibility experiences of women and men differently. Space-time accessibility measures based on Time-geographic framework with activity-travel diary datasets in Portland Metro, US were calculated using GIS-based geocomputation, and spatial-temporal patterns of accessibility of dual-earner couples by ages of their youngest child were compared. The results are as follows. (1) Although more women than men work part-time, which would render women more spatial-temporal autonomy, accessibility levels of women are not higher than men's. It implies that there exists another constraint placed on women which largely stems from gender inequality. (2) It is distinctively women with child under age 6 of which accessibility spaces are found to be restricted doser to home compared to men. Women with no child or with child aged over 6, however, show more or less similar spatial-temporal patterns of accessibility with men's which are quite unvarying regardless of parental status and their child age. Women's accessibility experiences characterized by spatial-temporal entrapment, thus, can be seen as problems associated with gender rather than sex. (3) Intensified spatial-temporal entrapment of women with young child are associated with the significant spatial pegs shaping their accessibility spaces, which are located much closer to home compared to men's: workplaces and child's daycare centers.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.5 s.110
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• pp.514-532
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to critically examine conventional spatial measures of individual accessibility, which are based on the notion of spatial proximity, the single reference location, and the unlinked travel model. Using space-time accessibility measures with the travel-activity diary data set of Portland Metro, US, three expectations from spatial measures on spatial patterns of individual accessibility were empirically examined: (1) does individual accessibility decrease with an increase of distance from the CBD?; (2) does the spatial pattern of accessibility resemble that of urban opportunity density pattern?; and (3) are spatial patterns of individual accessibility of different socio- demographic population groups basically similar as people in the same area share the same geographic characteristics regardless of gender, race, age, and so on? First of all, the results showed that spatial variations in individual accessibility were not directly determined by spatial proximity and opportunity density as suggested by previous accessibility measures. The spatial pattern of individual accessibility was dramatically different from that of urban opportunity density High peaks of accessibility level were found far away from the CBD and regional centers. This finding might be associated with the importance of multi-reference locations and linked travels in shaping accessibility in reality. Furthermore, this study found that spatial patterns of accessibility clearly differ between men and women. These findings suggest that access requires more than proximity, and that the interaction between person-specific space-time constraints and the consequential availability of urban opportunities in space-time renders different accessibility experiences to people even in the same region, which would be one of the key ingredients missing from conventional spatial measures of accessibility.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to improve social protection and benefits for pregnant women with the usage of LED care emblem. The study was conducted in the Seoul Metro by two research assistants on January 20th to 30th, 2015. One of subjects wore the LED care emblem and the other was present to record the data. An experiment was carried out total 60 times by wearing LED care emblem in 2 positions ((a) necklace and (b) bag), and 3 usages of Light ((1) Constant light, (2) No light which is like existing care emblem, and (3) blinking light at one-second intervals). Experimental results show there was a significant difference depending on the type of light. Mostly seat offering was the type of light (1) Constant light and it has 8 times (13.4%). The type of light (3) blinking light at one-second intervals has only 2 times (3.4%) seat offering. However, there were no seat offerings at the type of light (2) No light. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in wearing position, time, the number of people in the train and gender. This study suggests that it is necessary to make LED care emblem with constant light in order to induce spontaneous seat offering.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.164-172
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• 2015

Seoul subway plays an important part for the public transportation service in Seoul metropolitan area. As the subway system is typically a closed environment, frequent air pollution problems occurred and passengers get malhealth impact. Especially particulate matters (PM) is well known as one of the major pollutants in subway environments. The purpose of this study was to compare the concentrations of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ in the Seoul subway system and to provide fundamental data in order to management of subway system. $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ samples were collected in the M station platform and tunnel of Subway Line 4 in Seoul metropolitan and in an outdoor location close to it from Apr. 21, 2010~Oct. 27, 2013. The samples collected on teflon filters using $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ mini-volume portable samplers and PM sequential sampler. The PM contributions were $48.6{\mu}g/m^3$ (outdoor), $84.6{\mu}g/m^3$ (platform) and $204.8{\mu}g/m^3$ (tunnel) for $PM_{10}$, and $34.6{\mu}g/m^3$ (outdoor), $49.7{\mu}g/m^3$ (platform) and $83.1{\mu}g/m^3$ (tunnel) for $PM_{2.5}$. The $PM_{10}$ levels inside stations and outdoors are poorly correlated, indicating that $PM_{10}$ levels in the metro system are mainly influenced by internal sources. In this study, we compared PM concentrations before and after operation of ventilation and Electrostatic Precipitator (EP). Despite the increased PM concentration at outdoor, $PM_{10}$ concentration at platform and tunnel showed the 31.2% and 32.3% reduction efficiency after operation the reduction system. The overall results of this study suggest that the installation and operation of the ventilating system and EP should have served as one of the important components for maintaining the air quality in the subway system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.402-407
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• 2012

Since reports on trip delays or incidents often appear as accident articles on the press, the social criticisms and concerns on the safety of the urban railway are increasing. Therefore, a railway authority sometimes adopts an abstract safety goal like "let's build the urban railway to a masterpiece level" or "let's obtain an aeronautic safety level" to make citizens relieved and to alert involved persons. However with a vague goal, it is almost impossible to make an implementation plan systematic which helps the authority academically verify and validate if the goal is achieved or not. In this paper, the features of the railway safety are described and the safety models for securing the safety of the urban railway are surveyed and categorized. Based on the comparisons among the features and limitations of the models, we identify a more practical model which can be applied to the urban railway more effectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.7 s.93
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• pp.129-138
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• 2006

After Seoul has introduced semi-public bus management system(public management-private operation), the Seoul Metro Government needs a scientific management tool for optimal scheduling for bus routes, to reduce unnecessary operations and provide demand responsive service. As a product of this effort, this paper proposes a heuristic model that could minimize total passenger waiting time under the constraints, such as number of vehicles, working conditions, max load point, minimax headway. etc. For verifying the validity of the proposed model, it is applied to an existing bus route. It results that headways in rush hours become decreased and the passenger waiting time could be decreased. In conclusion. it is thought that the Proposed model contributes to efficiency of bus operation.