• Perspectives in Nursing Science
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Given the importance and impact of trust between nurse and pediatric patient on treatment adherence and nursing outcomes, this study was aimed to investigate how nurses perceive the trust between nurses themselves and children in a hospital setting using a qualitative research methodology. Methods: In depth interviews with 10 nurses working at pediatric units were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires, and data were analyzed using a thematic analysis. Results: Main themes were categorized as attributes of nurse-child trust and influencing factors. Attributes of trust can be divided into definition and characteristics of nurse-child trust. Nurses perceived nurse-child trust were not coercive, and changeable mutual relationship needing time and effort, and helpful for child's hospital adaptation and child's participation for care. There existed facilitating factors and interfering factors in developing nurse-child trust. Conclusion: The findings of this study would help nurses who are caring children in a hospital setting re-shape their points of views on 'trust between nurses and children' in day to day practice. It is also hoped that these results contribute to develop nursing guidelines on trust building with children in hospital in future.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.283-292
• /
• 2021

Performance-based seismic design (PBSD) is currently used for retrofitting of older buildings and the design of new buildings. Whereas, application of performance-based design for wind load is still under development. The tendency has been in the codes to increase wind hazard based on recent recorded events. Since tall buildings are highly susceptible to wind load, necessity for developing a framework for performance-based wind design (PBWD) has intensified. Only a few guidelines such as ASCE (2019) provide information on using PBWD as an alternative for code prescriptive wind design. Though wind hazards, performance objectives, analysis techniques, and acceptance criteria are explained, no recommendations are provided for several aspects like how to select a proper level of wind hazard for each target performance criterion. This paper is an attempt to explain current design philosophy for wind and seismic loads and inherent connection between the components of PBSD for development of a framework for PBWD of tall buildings. Recognizing this connection, a framework for PBWD based on limits set for serviceability and strength is also proposed. Also, the potential for carrying out PBWD in line with ASCE 7-16 is investigated and proposed in this paper.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 2009

The atrium in the building has many advantages including its aesthetic and functional effect. But the upper part of the atrium has the thermal problem of overheating due to insolation through the window. But natural ventilation aided buoyancy effect can be a solution to make comfortable indoor environment. Proper design of openings is very important to improve thermal environment in the atrium. In this study, thermal evaluations were performed to improve thermal environment in the atrium. Indoor thermal environment of an atrium at Seoul was measured in the field and simulated with Computational Fluid Dynamics( CFD) code. The turbulent flow model adopted is $K-{\varepsilon}$ model. The results of computer simulations are compared with the measurements at the point in the atrium. In order to improve the indoor ventilation environment of the atrium, thermal environment evaluations of six alternatives were conducted. After evaluations of the results, the design guidelines of an atrium are suggested.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 1996

The main aim of this study is to propose the improvement guidelines for the rural communit;- facilities(short as RCFs) in the village level. 28 villages were selected in consideration of the travelling distance to the nearest city, farming types and percentage of farm to total land. Through the analyses of the physical conditions and utilizing practices of RCFs in case villages, the tentative improvement guidelines were finally formulated. The major results of the study were summarized as follows ' 1. Most villagers thought the village hall and Jungjamok(Korean-style outdoor rest point) being centrally located, which was reflected in their high satisfaction with the accessibility to RCFs.However, they evaluated that above two places were too small and old for normal use, so set forth their views of high dissatisfaction on the scale of RCFs, 2. Analyses results of the survey in the study showed the ranking order of service level of RCFs as following; the village hall l rest building for the aged 1 rural-pocket park 1 village store / playground.And the need for cultural function was much more highly expressed than merely meeting function. 3. Considering together with the analysis results of this study and the related referencing guidelines, it is proposed to introduce the village hall, shop, and village store as basic ones of RCFs in the village level, which should form a single complex connected mutually and functionally each other.

• 한국진공학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.415-422
• /
• 2010

최근 나노 물질의 독성에 대한 보고와 나노 물질을 함유한 제품들의 급속한 증가 그리고 제조 과정에서의 나노 물질의 폭 넓은 응용으로 인해, 나노 물질 및 제품의 안전 관리 문제가 중요한 쟁점으로 부상하고 있다. 특히 작업장에서의 안전, 제품을 사용하는 소비자의 안전 그리고 환경 보호 등 나노 물질 및 제품의 전주기 과정에 걸친 안전 확보가 문제다. 하지만 나노 물질 및 제품의 위험이 잠재적이고 불확정적이기에, 이것들을 대상으로 하는 엄격한 안전 관련 규제체계를 구축하는 것은 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 쟁점들과 관련하여 나노 물질을 연구 개발하고 나노 제품을 생산하는 각 기관들이 안전에 관한 책임 있는 거버넌스(governance)를 구현하기 위해 현재 최선의 것으로 취할 수 있는(엄밀히 말해 취해야 하는) 윤리적인 행위 조치들과 이에 바탕이 되는 윤리적인 원리들을 살펴보고자 한다. 그리고 이것이 법적.제도적인 차원의 견고한 안전관리 체계를 구축하는데 중요한 한 축을 형성함을 강조하고자 한다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제59권4호
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2017

Coastal reclamation has created large flat lands, part of which is an attractive site to construct greenhouse complexes for the horticulture industry. Wind environments over these coastal lands are entirely different from those of the inland area, and demand increased structural safety. The objective of this study is to evaluate the structural safety of two single-span greenhouses, peach type and even-span type, under the wind characteristics of coastal reclaimed lands. The wind pressure coefficients acting on the walls and roofs of two greenhouses were measured by wind tunnel experiments, and those acting on the roofs were approximately two times larger than those suggested by the existing design guidelines. Consequently, structural analysis conducted by SAP2000 showed that greenhouse structures designed by the existing guidelines might lead to structural failure under coastal wind conditions because their maximum allowable wind speeds were lower than the design wind speed. Especially, the peach type greenhouse constructed in a reclaimed land could be damaged by approximately 48 % of the design wind speed and needed improvement of structural designs. This study suggested increasing the spacing of rafters with thicker pipes for the peach type greenhouse to enhance economic feasibility of the building under strong wind conditions of reclaimed lands.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.379-387
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 지하부위의 누수 예방 기술 정책 수립을 위한 방수 성능 분석 연구에 대하여 설문조사를 실시하고 이를 분석하였다. 설문 분석 결과, 현재 공동주택 지하공간에 대한 누수는 심각하며, 응답자 대부분도 이를 심각하게 인식하고 있다. 환경을 고려하지 않은 누수설계 및 누수예방 설계의 부재, 환경에 적합하지 않은 시공 시스템의 활용이 누수문제의 주요 원인이라 판단되었으며, 이를 개선하기 위하여 지하부위 외방수공법의 도입을 의무화하고, 설계시 공동주택 지하부위에 적용할 수 있는 표준 방수 기술 및 공법을 수립해야 될 것이며, 지하 시공환경을 고려한 방수 시공방법의 개발의 필요성이 강조되었다. 따라서 상기의 상황을 미루어 볼 때 법-제도에 의해 명시된 방수설계, 재료 및 공법, 유지관리 등을 방수시공의 전반적인 상황 컨트롤할 수 있는 가이드라인의 제시는 필수요소로 부각되었다.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.39-50
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to be performed with studio-type housings among urban life-type housings to investigate the physical characteristic and crime-related factors of studios from the viewpoint of the basic principles of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). Method: Eight CPTED guidelines available in Korea were reviewed to select 20 planing factors for actual condition investigation. Five single households in studio-type housings in Gwanak-gu, Seoul, were chosen according to the subject screening criteria to perform the actual condition investigation. Results: First, a lighting plan around a building for natural surveillance should consider the building location, relation with the front road, and surrounding facilities. In a building of a piloti structure, the parking lot and the building gate should be arranged in a manner that enables natural surveillance. Second, the shape of the corridors in studio-type housings should be considered to plan the installation of a lighting at the door of each household, the installation of a viewer window at the door of each household, and the arrangement of the elevator. Third, to support access control, an access control system having the function of video and voice communication is recommended to be installed at the building gate. Criteria for the type of security windows and the floors on which security windows should be installed, and the regulations about the CCTV installation inside and outside the building should be prepared. Fourth, to enhance territoriality in parking lots, ground patterns, parking lot gate, and signs may be installed. Fifth, in view of effective utilization and maintenance, lighting facilities should be installed to increase the usability of ground parking lots, and relevant installation criteria should be prepared regarding the type, number, and brightness of the lightings.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to identify the effect of daylighting in hospitals on hospitalization time of patients and patients' outcomes in hospitals. Two major variations include orientation of hospital wards and the hospitalization times of various kinds of patients. Patients' data were obtained from two hospitals located in Seoul, Korea. The hospital buildings have north-facing and north-facing wards. The patients were classified according to the types of diseases and the orientation of the patient rooms. Then, statistical T-tests were applied in order to verify if natural light might shorter the hospitalization time of patients. The study also identified the types of diseases that were more responsive to the quantity of natural light in patient rooms. This information may be used as a basis for the development of guidelines for patient rooms in hospitals to achieve more effective healing environments. Likewise, the results may be applied to medical treatment buildings, recreational centers and hospital as well.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국주거학회 2009년 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is examine the characteristics of public open space in the office buildings located in urban commercial strip, in terms of its relationships to street, to building, and to order surrounding facilities. Theoretical basis of this research is that public outdoor spaces are to be the intermediate territory set between streets and a buildings. 5 commercial buildings in Seoul are selected as sample cases and they were closely analyzed in a comparative manner. Based on this comparison, several planning guidelines are suggested for the activation of the space, mainly in terms of the location of public open space in relation to street, the design techniques and devises reflecting the purpose of the space, and territorial arrangement and furniture layout, and the patterns of relationship to surrounding space and facilities.