• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.91-105
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• 2010

A wireless sensor network communication technique has been broadly studied with continuous advances in ubiquitous computing environment. Especially, because the resource of the sensor node is limited, it is important to reduce the communication energy by using an energy-efficient routing protocol. The existing cluster-based routing protocols have a problem that they cannot select a cluster head efficiently by randomly choosing a head. In addition, because the existing cluster-based routing protocols do not support the large scale of network, they cannot be used for various applications. To solve the above problems, we, in this paper, propose a new cluster-based routing protocol using representative paths. The proposed protocol constructs an efficient cluster with distributed cluster heads by creating representative paths based on hop count. In addition, a new routing protocol supports multi-hop routing for data communication between a cluster member node and a cluster head as well as between cluster heads. Finally, we show that our protocol outperforms LEACH and Multihop-LEACH in terms of reliability and scalability.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.666-669
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• 2020

Energy harvesting sensor networks have the ability to collect energy from the environment to overcome the power limitations of traditional sensor networks. The sensor network, which has a limited transmission range, delivers data to the destination node through a multi-hop method. The routing protocol should consider the power situation of nodes, which is determined by the residual power and energy harvesting rate. At this time, if only considering the magnitude of the power, power imbalance can occur among nodes and it can induce instantaneous power shortages and reduction of network lifetime. In this paper, we designed a routing protocol that considers the balance of power as well as the residual power and energy harvesting rate.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.67-72
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• 2022

A wireless sensor network (WSN), with its constrained sensor node energy supply, needs an energy-efficient routing technique that maximises overall system performance. When rumours are routed using a random-walk routing algorithm, which is not highly scalable, spiral pathways may appear. Because humans think a straight line is the quickest route between two sites and two straight lines in a plane are likely to intersect, straight-line routing (SLR) constructs a straight path without the aid of geographic information. This protocol was developed for WSNs. As a result, sensor nodes in WSNs use less energy when using SLR. Using comprehensive simulation data, we show that our upgraded SLR systems outperform rumour routing in terms of performance and energy conservation.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.169-178
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• 2023

Wireless sensor network is wieldy use for IoT application. The sensor node consider as physical device in IoT architecture. This all sensor node are operated with battery so the power consumption is very high during the data communication and low during the sensing the environment. Without proper planning of data communication the network might be dead very early so primary objective of the cluster based routing protocol is to enhance the battery life and run the application for longer time. In this paper we have comprehensive of twenty research paper related with clustering based routing protocol. We have taken basic information, network simulation parameters and performance parameters for the comparison. In particular, we have taken clustering manner, node deployment, scalability, data aggregation, power consumption and implementation cost many more points for the comparison of all 20 protocol. Along with basic information we also consider the network simulation parameters like number of nodes, simulation time, simulator name, initial energy and communication range as well energy consumption, throughput, network lifetime, packet delivery ration, jitter and fault tolerance parameters about the performance parameters. Finally we have summarize the technical aspect and few common parameter must be fulfill or consider for the design energy efficient cluster based routing protocol.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.1A
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• pp.23-29
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• 2006

In wireless sensor networks(WSNs), it is crucial to maintain network connectivity as long as possible since nodes are battery-powered and unchange-able. We propose a new routing protocol called Energy Aware Source Routing(EASR) which can be efficient in respect of network lifetime and long-term connectivity. Our protocol is multipath source routing, only one path will be selected at the same time and each path has probability to be selected like as Energy Aware Routing(EAR) protocol. The route discovery procedure of EASR protocol is reformed from the route discovery procedure of Split Multipath Routing(SMR) protocol. However, there is the difference between SMR and EASR. In EASR, we define an overhearing ratio in order to reduce energy waste due to overhearing effect among each selected path. Thus, we can establish energy efficient multiple paths by making use of overhearing ratio. The simulation results are also demonstrated that our scheme increases in network lifetimes, and achieves reasonable packet latency time.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.422-429
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• 2013

Advances in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology have enabled small and low-cost sensors with the capability of sensing various types of physical and environmental conditions, data processing, and wireless communication. In the WSN, the sensor nodes have a limited transmission range and their processing and storage capabilities as well as their energy resources are limited. A triple umpiring system has already been proved for its better performance in WSNs. The clustering technique is effective in prolonging the lifetime of the WSN. In this study, we have modified the ad-hoc on demand distance vector routing by incorporating signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based dynamic clustering. The proposed scheme, which is an efficient and secure routing protocol for wireless sensor networks through SNR-based dynamic clustering (ESRPSDC) mechanisms, can partition the nodes into clusters and select the cluster head (CH) among the nodes based on the energy, and non CH nodes join with a specific CH based on the SNR values. Error recovery has been implemented during the inter-cluster routing in order to avoid end-to-end error recovery. Security has been achieved by isolating the malicious nodes using sink-based routing pattern analysis. Extensive investigation studies using a global mobile simulator have shown that this hybrid ESRP significantly improves the energy efficiency and packet reception rate as compared with the SNR unaware routing algorithms such as the low energy aware adaptive clustering hierarchy and power efficient gathering in sensor information systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

Conventional studies for SPIN protocols of wireless sensor networks are not enough to cover energy consumption and migration of sensor nodes. This study proposes a dynamic routing protocol based on the SPIN considering energy consumption and the migration, and also shows the effectiveness of the proposed routing protocol.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.466-469
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• 2008

The existing routing protocols in USN environment, PEGASIS is more efficient than LEACH, which is a hierarchical routing protocol, for network configuration based on power consumption. Despite its merit that it can reduce energy consumption per node, however, the PEGASIS protocol also has a weakness that it is less responsive to frequent changes that occur in the configuration of sensor network due to BS nodes that keep changing, which is a typical characteristic of the sensor network. To address this problem, this paper proposes to select sub-cluster heads and have them serve as intermediate nodes. This paper presents and analyses that this method can resolve the aforementioned problem of the PEGASIS algorithm.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.155-161
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• 2014

In this paper, a cluster-based routing protocol in distributed sensor network is proposed, which enable the balanced energy consumption in the sensor nodes densely deployed in the sensor fields. This routing protocol is implemented based on clusters with hierarchical scheme. The clusters are formed by the closely located sensor nodes. A cluster node with maximum residual energy in the cluster, can be selected as cluster head node. In routing, one of the nodes in the intersection area between two clusters is selected as a relay-node and this method can extend the lifetime of all the sensor nodes in view of the balanced consumption of communication energy.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.579-586
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• 2023

A wireless sensor network (WSN) has limited battery power because it is used wirelessly using low-cost small sensors. Since the battery cannot be replaced, the lifespan of the sensor node is directly related to the lifespan of the battery, so power must be used efficiently to maximize the lifespan of the network. In this study, based on PEGASIS, a representative energy-efficient routing protocol, we propose a protocol that classifies layers according to the distance from the sink node and configures multiple chains rather than one chain. The proposed protocol can increase network lifespan by reducing the transmission distance between nodes to prevent unnecessary energy consumption.