• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.290-295
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• 2017

Background: Senna tora is a flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. Its seeds are roasted and consumed as tea in Asia, to reduce inflammation in the liver and improve eyesight. Thus, it has been considered as an important medicinal crops in Asia. However, breeding trials to improve its genetic properties are rare. Mutation breeding by gamma ray is known to be an effective and highly successful approach for the generation of agronomically useful cultivars. Here we analyzed the effects of several dosages of gamma ray on the biological conditions of Senna tora seeds. Methods and Results: The germination rate and growth patterns of Senna tora were examined following irradiation with gamma ray at 100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy. The total phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activities of Senna tora were analyzed. Germination increased at 100 and 200 Gy in the M1 and M2 generations compared with that of the control (M0). The total phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activity of the seeds significantly decreased as the radiation dosage increased above 100 Gy in the M1 generation. Conclusions: Senna tora, irradiated with gamma ray at dosages 100, 200, 300, and 400 Gy, showed maximum germination rate at 200 Gy in the M2 generation. Plant height and leaf size gradually decreased with increasing gamma ray intensity in the M2 generation. The total phenolic compound contents decreased significantly at 400 Gy, and the related antioxidant activity was also decreased as the radiation dosage increased.

• Mycobiology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.104-106
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• 2001

Alternaria cassiae Jurair & Khan was recorded on seeds of sickle senna(Cassia tora L.). Seed infection ranged from $25{\sim}45%$ in two samples. Developing roots and shoots turn brown and died in case of severe infection. Detailed descriptions were given on the habit characters of the fungus and on the morphology of conidiophores and condia. This is the first report of A. cassiae on seeds of Cassia.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2018

Background: The demand of recycling renewable agricultural by-products is increasing. Radiation breeding is a method used to improve saccharification efficiency. Thus, we investigated the effect of gamma ray irradiation on the pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of the stalks of Senna tora, an important medicinal plants. Methods and Results: S. tora seeds were irradiated with gamma ray at doses of 100, 200, 300, and 400 Gy. In the pretreated biomass, glucan and lignin content were higher in the M1 ($1^{st}$ generations of irradiation) S. tora stalks than in the M2 ($2^{nd}$ generations of irradiation) stalks, this can be explained by the higher degradation rate in M1. After oxalic acid pretreatment, the concentration of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) in the hydrolysate increased in the gamma ray treated seeds. The highest relative increase rate in crystallinity in the pretreated biomass was observed in M1-400 Gy and M2-100 Gy. The cellulose conversion rate was higher in M1 than in M2, except for 200 Gy. Conclusions: Gamma ray irradiation at an appropriate dose can be used to improve the efficiency of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, thereby increasing biomass availability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.298-298
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• 2016

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.365-373
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• 2020

We previously reported the potential of Senna tora L. seeds fermented by Lactobacillus casei (FSL) as a laxative agent in a loperamide-induced constipation rat model. Here, we examine the mechanism of action of FSL and its bioactive compound, revealed herein, on loperamide-induced constipation Sprague Dawley rat model. We identified the compound aurantio-obtusin (AO) using HPLC quantitative analysis. Rats were randomly assigned to six experimental groups (eight rats each)-normal and constipated groups (loperamide, FSL [100, 300, 500 mg/kg], and AO [1 mg/kg]). The FSL and AO-treated group showed an increase in the frequency, amount, and water content of feces in the constipated rat. Moreover, FSL and AO increased the intestinal transit speed in the constipated rat. Histological analysis revealed that FSL and AO recovered the intestinal mucus, the number of goblet cells, as well as thickness of the mucosa layer and muscle. Furthermore, the protein levels of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3, which is involved in intestine contraction, were recovered in the FSL and AO-treated group. Its downstream signaling pathway (p-protein kinase C) was recovered by FSL and AO treatment. In conclusion, fermentation of S. tora L. seeds increases AO, which improves intestinal function, indicating that FSL is effective for treating constipation.

• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.72-76
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• 2009

To investigate the growth response of various crop species to mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were applied to Glycine max, Vigna angularis, Senna tora, Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon. Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor, Allium tuberosum, Solanum melongena, and Capsicum annuum. The biomass of the inoculated crops was measured every two weeks for the 12-week growth period. By measuring biomass, we calculated the mycorrhizal responsiveness of the nine crop species. Among the nine crop species, four species showed a significant response to mycorrhizal inoculation. The shoot biomasses of V. angularis, C. annuum, A. tuberosum, and S. tora significantly increased with mycorrhizal inoculation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 1992

In order to determine the optimum planting density of Sickle Senna (Cassia tora L.), agronomic characters, yield components and grain yield were investigated under vinyl mulching and non -mulching condition. The characters, stem length, stem diameter, number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of pods per m$^2$, and number of grains per pod, etc., were excellent under the vinyl mulching condition, and number of pods per m$^2$ was the highest in 60$\times$15cm planting space under vinyl mulching or non-mulching. Both of the weight of 100 grains and grain yield were also higher under the vinylmulching condition, and grain yield was the most excellent in 60$\times$15cm planting space under the vinlymulching, or non-mulching. Under the vinyl mulching and non-mulching, the analysis of variance for agronomic characters following the difference of planting density, were acknowledged to be worth of attention.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.341-353
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• 2020

In accordance with the implementation of the Positive List System (PLS), the proper usage of pesticides is now being enforced. It is assumed that unregistered pesticides are being used on agroforestry products due to the low number of registered pesticides in the agricultural industry. In this study, pesticide and heavy metal residues were investigated in 13 types of products to determine the status of usage. The levels (%) of pesticides detected in Pimpinella beachscape, Platycodon grandiflorum, Codonopsis lancekolate, Artemisia dubia, Angelica gigas, Pyrus pyrifolia, and Punica granatum were 40.0, 20.0, 26.7, 13.3, 56.3, 57.1, 33.3, 26.7, 66.7, and 46.7%, respectively, while, those in Petridium aquilinum, Disoscorea batata and Senna tora were zero. Heavy metals (Pb, Cd) were detected only from P. grandisflorum and A. dubia. The pesticide usage and registration data by agroforestry product obtained in the study will be useful in the future for ensuring the safety of domestic agroforestry products.