• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to provide the elderly and their family kowledge about senile dementia and to get them to have positive attitude about senile dementia. The subjects were 204 elderly who lived in the whole country. The data were collected from Sep. to Dec., 1998, using a 36 items questionnaire and analyzed by SAS program for t-test, ANOVA. Scheffe test, Pearson Correlation Coefficients. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of knowledge about senile dementia was $9.33\pm2.68$(range 0-15), The elderly who was unschooled, lived in Kyung Sang province, didn't have any hobby or interest, didn't access to informations about senile dementia got lower score than the others. 2. The examples of knowledge test items about senile dementia that the subjects above fifty percents answered uncorrectly were 'the patient of senile dementia doesn't die soon', 'senile dementia is uncurable disease', 'the symptoms of senile dementia is apparent in new and strange circumstances', 'the pood and lonely elderly is apt to have senile dementia'. 3. The mean score of attitude about senile dementia was $15.87\pm2.25$(range 0-20) and attitude about senile dementia was relatively positve. Attitude about senile dementia by general characteristic was not significantly different. 4. The examples of attitude test items about senile dementia to which the majority of subjects agreed were 'It is a pity to see the patient suffered from senile dementia', 'It is difficult to take care of senile dementia patient' and so on. 5. The correlation between kowledge and attitude about senile dementia was very low. Therefore this study suggests that it is crucial to educate the elderly and their family to induce positive attitude about senile dementia.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.2
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• pp.60-76
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analysis level on family caregiver's burden for the elderly with senile dementia in a rural area and to choose priority care group, thereby facilitating the development of interventions to reduce the caregiver's burden. For this purpose, data were collected by questionaire from June 10 to October 8, 1994. The instruments for data collection were Caregiver Burden Inventory by Novak(1989) and Zarit et al(1982), severity of dementia by Hughes Scales (1982), ADL by Lawton (1971), patients' family caregiving activity by pre-survey and reference review(Lee, 1993 ; Jang, 1990 ; Yoo, 1982). The subjects were 60 family caregiver of senile dementia in a rural area. The data was analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression. The results were as follows : 1. Total burden was evaluated over average, the mean of family burden was 61.24. 2. Significant variables which were correlated to the family caregiver's burden were the severity of dementia(F=30.52, p<0.001), ADL(F=5.43, p<0.01), PADL(F=6.14, p<0.01), caregiver's health status(F=6.05, p<0.01), a view of patient's prognosis(F=4.08, p<0.05), the number of hours per day spent on caregiving(F=19.64, p<0.001), level of intimacy of caregiver and patients(F=7.16, p<0.001), the frequency of caregiving activity(F=5.31, p<0.01). 3. ADL was the most important predictor to family caregiver burden(R2=0.6611). In addition to this, the severity of dementia, level of intimacy of caregiver and patient, relationship with the patient accounted for 79% of family caregiver burden. 4. The criteria of priority care group were as follows ; the mean of family caregiver burden was above 58, above of moderate ADL, the number of hours per day spent on caregiving above of 8 hours, above of moderate dementia. By the the severity of dementia, number of priority care group, mild dementia was 10(43.4%), moderate dementia 23 (92.0%), sever dementia 12(100.0%).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to identify the experience of stress and burn-out in caregivers of patients with senile dementia. Method: To evaluate the degree of stress and burn-out in caregivers of patients with senile dementia, 64 caregivers and matched to 64 patients with senile dementia at a Primary Health Care Post in South Kyung Sung Province were selected. The study was carried out from March 6 to March 30, 2001. Data on the degree of dementia in the patients was measured by the MMSE-K (Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea) and caregiver characteristics such as, sex, age, marital status, educational level, job, socioeconomic status, religion, number in family, relationship with patient, duration of care, and chronic disease in caregiver were collected by direct interview with a questionnaire. Results: Of 64 patients with senile dementia, 15.6% were classified as mild dementia (MMSE score 20-24) and 84.4%, as severe dementia. There were no significant characteristics of caregivers associated with the degree of stress and burn-out experience. The degree of burn-out in these caregivers of patients with severe dementia (mean value 94.3) was significantly higher than the 81.4 for those caring for patients with mild dementia (p<0.05). However, the degree of stress was not significantly related with the degree of dementia. The proportion experiencing severe burn-out (above score 4) was 54.7% in the physical domain, 90.6% in the emotional domain, and 73.4% in psychiatric domain, respectively. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that the degree of stress and burn-out experienced by caregivers of patients with senile dementia are high. Also the degree of burn-out experienced by in caregivers of patients with severe dementia was higher than for those caring for patients with mild dementia.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.265-276
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• 1997

The best way to care senile dementia patients is understanding the nature of disease. Care-givers can't understand the patients because the patients can't properly communicate with care-givers. Thus, care-givers are supposed to find out ways to understand them in the nature of disease. From this view, there seems no exception in essential attitude of care-givers toward the patients. Without positive understanding the nature of disease and respecting patient's rights as a human even though they are badly disorder in their word and behavior. There seems no expectation for thousands quality of care-giving.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.766-779
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the burden on families who live with an elderly person suffering from senile dementia, and the degree of their depression. There were 400 participants in this study, staying in the Seoul and Kyonggi areas from August 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Among the group, 100 participants took care of their patient at home, and another 300 participants left 100 patient at a day-care center, 100 sanatorium for senile dementia(asylum for helpless elderly people), 100 an infirmary for elderly people. Eventually 242 subjects out of the 400 were selected for the data analysis. The Zarit (1980) tool was employed to measure the degree of burden and Zung's(1965) “Self-Rating Depression Scale” was employed for the data analysis. The data was analyzed, and the percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Person's Correlation Coefficient were calculated. The results are as follows : 1. The average degree of burden that care-giving families felt was 49.13, which is somewhat high. 2. The average degree of depression that care -giving families felt was 51.95, which is relatively high. 3. The degree of burden was directly affected by the relation with the patient(F＝2.48, P＜.05), and the socio-economic status of the family(F＝5.17, P＜.05). Its also affected by the patient's educational status(F＝2.17, P＜.05). 4. The degree of depression of the family was significantly dependent on sex(t＝-2.05, P＜.05), age (F＝2.99, P＜.05), the relationship with the patient(F＝3.65, P＜.01), socio-economic status (F＝7.74, P＜.001), occupation(t＝2.82, P＜.01), health status(F＝4.42, P＜.01), and the place of residence(F＝4.30, P＜.01), The patient characteristics was significantly dependent on his/her educational status(F＝3.85, P＜.01), the period of suffering from senile dementia(F＝2.47, P＜.05), and smoking habit(F＝6.17, P＜.001). 5. The relationship between the degree of burden and that of depression reads r＝0.43, which is statistically positive correlation in the high significant level. Upon analyzing the entire summation, most care-givers for elderly patients suffering from senile dementia lack time in caring for themselves. They also experience chronic fatigue and mental discomfort caused by the isolation from society, curtailment of certain activities, a sense of responsibility for their patients, and limits of their endurance in taking care of their patients over time. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the necessity for the following propositions : 1. In order to measure the degree of burden that Korean care-giving families undergo, a new tool must be developed on the basis of Korean culture. 2. An educational program based on the demands that care-giving families undergo must be developed, and its clinical effect also has to be examined.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.450-459
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to grasp the welfare service for the demented people staying at home and the service that caregivers want to use. Therefore, we are going to develop a Korean senile dementia-care management model. Method; It analyzed the data of 185 demented people and caregivers, who registered in 16 public dementia care centers in B city since June 2002. Results: 1) The types of services used by the aged people with dementia staying at home were, in the order of frequency of use, the day-care center(26.5%), and home-help service (21.6%). 2). The types of services according to the degree of dementia were as follows; mild cases: home care service (5.4%), moderate cases: day-care service (40.0%) and severe cases: day-care service (26.0%). 3). The caregivers who want to use senile welfare institutions accounted for 23.3%, and the major reason they could not use the institutions was due to their economic situation. 4) The Korean senile dementia care management system must be excuted, considering caregivers' economic state and severity of dementia. Since the system was actively operated, many small sized welfare service institutions showed development. Conclusion: The welfare services appropriate to the severity of dementia should be provided. With the model developed in this study, the dementia management requires sufficient care and should be achieved to reduce the caregivers burden.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.4
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• pp.67-80
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• 1995

This study was done in order to investigate the treatment of occidental and oriental medicine on dementia(mainly senile dementia and cerobrovascular dementia). The results were as follows ; 1. Dementia must treat a direct causes, but uncountable dementia(senile dementia) and cerobrovascular dementia can't treat at present. 2. Sciopsychological treatment in very important in dementia patient ; maintance of appropriate stimulation, psychological rest, physical examination, dietary cure and safety device is needed. On secondary mental disorder, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and antidepressants have to prescribe properly. 3. Treatments of Senile dementia(uncountable cerebral degenerative disease) proscribed hydergine which is peripheral vasodilator and physostigmine which increase cholinergic activity of brain, but this have slight effect on some patients. On treatments of cerobrovascular dementia, the medication that improved the cell metabolism and circulation of brain, this improved only a subjective symptom, but isn't foundamental treatment. 4. A tonic medicine is used basically, the methods are as follows. 1) Kenwihwadam(健胃火痰)-Sesimtang(洗心湯) 2) Bosiniksu(補腎益髓)-Hwansodan(還少丹) 3) Bosimiksin(補心益腎)-Gyuibitang(歸脾湯), Singyuo(神交湯) 4) Boheoansin(補虛安神)-Cilbokem(七福飮), sanggitang(生氣湯) 5) geoeohwalhyel(祛瘀活血)-tonggyuhwalhyeltang(通竅活血湯), 5. Acupuncture therapy on dementia used follow acupuncture point ; Yamen(啞門 GVl5), Laokung(勞宮 HC8), Tsusanli(足三里 ST36), Shenshu(腎兪 BL23), Tachui(大椎 GVl4), Chiuwei(鳩尾 CVl5), Sanyinchiao(三陰交 SP6), Yungchuan(涌泉 KI1), Shipsun(十宣), Shousanli(手三里 LI10), Taichong(太衝 LV3) In moxibustion therapy, Dachui(大椎 GVl4) point is used.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.448-460
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate risk factors for senile dementia as well as care givers' stresses and thier needs for nursing care. It was done using a retrospective survey. A convenience sample or In senile dementia patients and l20 nor-mal elders in a rural area was used. The tools used in the study were the MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea) for dementia screening test and a questionaire developed by the research team. Data were collected through home visits by Com-munity Health Practitioners. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, and Chi-square test. The findings are as follows : 1. There were significant differences in age, marital status, and religions between the two groups. 2. There was a significant difference in smoling behavior between the two groups. 3. There was a significant difference in past his-tory of cancer between groups. 4. There was a significant difference in past and present elderftmily relationship between the two groups. 5. There were significant differences in intellectual activities, assuming major role in family and seeking other's help in daily life troubles between the two groups. 6. There were significant differences in stress factors such as child problem, family conflict, health problem and illegal behavior between the two groups. 7. The major problems out by families in caring for dementia patient were catastrophic reactions, dirtiness, mood change, devouring and tremor. The most serious problems faced by families was dirtiness. with catastrophic reactions, sleep distrubance, changeableness, and a suspcio-usness following. The care givers expressed chronic fatigue, anxiety, tension, depression, disorder in daily life, shamefulness, blame from neighbours and guiltiness. 8. There is need for geriatric hospitals, nursing homes, burden sharing, and counselling or education for family care givers. A replicate study in the urban area is recommended to validate the findings of this study. To explore the impact of stress in life and ‘han’ on senile dementia, a qualitative study is recommended.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.204.1-204.1
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• 2003

Azheimer's Disease (AD) known as senile dementia accounts for 50％ of all dementia cases and is in growing status as population goes up. Generally. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and includes much of senile plaque in cerebral hippocampus and cortex in patient's brain. For decades. AD theory is explained by amyloid cascade hypothesis. In process of the hypothesis, amyloid hypothesis forms fibrillar form beta-amyloid peptide (A${\beta}$ peptide) and extraordinarily accumulates in brain tissue, and lastly senile plaque is formed, which pathologically affect the brain. (omitted)

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.423-440
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• 2000

This research was conducted to identify the following: the home care needs of patients with dementia and the burden on the primary family care giver: to provide basic data required to develop nursing intervention for the care giver: and to suggest recommendations for medical institutions and social services that could reduce the burden on the families of people suffering from dementia. subjects of this research were 53 patients of the two Public Health Centers of Cheju Province who are suffering from dementia and their families. The instrument used in the research was Kuen. Jung Don (1994)' s assessment tool of burden in the primary family care giver who has parents with senile dementia and Yoo. Young Mi(1998)'s assessment tool of home care need. modified by the researcher in the questionnaire by a Likert rating scale. The period of data collection was from February 8. 2000 to March 10. 2000. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS, using mean, standard deviation. ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The result of this research was that there was not a significant correlation between the burden on the care giver and the level of dementia, its duration, the patient's ability to perform daily tasks, the period of care giving. and the use of social services, although the lower the patient's ability to perform daily tasks. and the worse the care giver's own health situation, the higher the burden on the primary family care giver. The following suggestions are made based on the results of this research. 1. More than half of the subjects don't use social facilities and services. More publicity and referral efforts are needed about medical institutions. nursing institutions and other facilities that specialize in services for dementia sufferers and their families. 2. Nursing services should include intensive education for the primary care giver in the most important aspects of home care. 3. Further research should be done, and should include data from all parts of Cheju Province.