• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3700-3706
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• 2010

As the number of the elderly increases, concerns about senile dementia and serious game for dementia are growing. The purpose of this study is to explore the types of attitude toward senile dementia. To identify public attitudes toward senile dementia, we conducted Q methodology. A Q set of potential public attitudes toward senile dementia was identified through literature review. From this, 52 potential public attitudes toward senile dementia were identified. Twenty subjects ranked these explanations as possible public attitudes. The attitudes toward senile dementia were classified as 4 types : 'type1 : idealistic & expectant', 'type 2 : aversive & defensive', 'type 3 : active & realistic', and 'type 4 : responsible & compensatory'. This study revealed that people have different explanatory frameworks for the attitude toward senile dementia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.392-409
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• 1998

The present experiment was designed to examine the effects of Jeongjihwan on carecholamines, serotonin, amino acids, lipid peroxide, free radical scavenging activity, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity in senile brain. It was performed by administering Jeongjihwan extracts of a variety of concentration to senile rats to experimentally determine effects of Jeongjihwan on biochemical changes in senile brain and examine protective effects against neurotoxin. To examine survival rate, the rat's spinal cord sensory ganglion cell pretreated in Jeongjihwan extracts was cultured in oxygen free radical. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Jeongjihwan significantly increased noradrenaline in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of the brain tissue of senile rats, and even though Jeongjihwan increased noradrenaline also in other brain tissue, there was no significance. 2. Jeongjihwan had no effects on dopamine changes in all brain tissue of senile rats. 3. Jeongjihwan significantly increased serotonin, but decreased in other brain tissue. 4. Jeongjihwan increased amino acid in the brain tissue of senile rats. 5. Jeongjihwan significantly decreased lipid peroxide and free radical in the brain tissue of senile rats. 6. Jeongjihwan significantly increased survival rate of nerve cell exposed to oxygen free radical. According to the above results, Jeongjihwan is assumed to improve brain function by reacting on biochemical changes of the senile brain and carries effects of protecting against neurocytotoxicity, and that Jeongjihwan can be used to treat regressive brain disease carrying symptoms of psychoactive disorders.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.260-263
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• 2000

This case study was performed to investigate the effects of Chongsimyonja-tang and Dong's acupuncture therapy on senile macular degeneration patient who has been treated in the Dong-Eui oriental hospital. A 57-year-old female with senile macular degeneration complained of headaches, heaviness of the ache, night sweat, dizziness. For a duration of 2 months, We prescribed Chongsimyonja-tang, and added 3-4 herbs according to the symtoms and also treated the patient with Dong s acupuncture therapy. After 2 months, the patient's eyesight improved ($0.2{\rightarrow}0.7$) and the headaches disappeared, as did heaviness of the ache, night sweat, and dizziness. In this case Chongsimyonja-tang and Dong's acupuncture therapy present valuable treatment of senile macular degeneration.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.554-566
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• 2017

Purpose: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of knowledge and attitude towards dementia on social distance from senile dementia among university students. Methods: The study was a descriptive study based on 235 university students. Data were collected from September 1 to 15, 2017 using a structured self-report questionnaire. Dementia knowledge, dementia attitude, and social distance from senile dementia were measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: After adjusting for the general and dementia-related characteristics of the participants, the significant predictors of social distance from senile dementia among university students were dementia attitude. Moreover, knowledge and attitude towards dementia explained 27.8% of the variance in social distance from senile dementia among university students. Conclusion: The results indicate that educators need to make efforts to improve dementia attitude and to develop plans to increase dementia knowledge in order to reduce university students' prejudice against senile dementia.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.57-69
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• 1992

The study has been carried out to investigate of the senile dementia by referring to 35 literratures. The results were as follows ; 1. In oriental medical science, senile dementia is belong to the category of dullness(매病), insanity(癲狂證), weak(虛勞), amnesia(健忘), etc. 2. The cause of senile dementia summarize the phlegm preventid-heart hole(痰迷心竅), marrow lack(髓海不足), aged follow weaking of body and disfunction of the internal organs(年老體弱과 臟腑機能 失調), the bad blood with vatal block(氣滯血瘀), feeling inharmony, etc in the view of oriental medical science and make the vanishment of the cerebral atrophy and the cerebral cell but havn't indicated the remarkable cause in that of western medical science. The diseases with cause make a point of Alzheimer's dementia, frequent infarction dementia, etc and psychological and environmental factor too. The marrow lack is related to Alzheimer's dementia, the feeling inharmony, psychologic and environmental factor, the phlegm prevented-heart hole and bad blood with vatal block, frequent infarction dementia. 3. The senile dementia is related cleary to the function of the internal organs in oriental medical sciences respect Especially in relation to kidney and marrow, it is presented new cause view to solve the cure problem of western medical science is studying its cause only the anatomic pathology with cerebrum and is thinking to solve cure possibility. 4. The symptom of senile dementia is as follows. The obstacle of a aspect of the Language, Emotion, Behavior. mute, speech inversion, sometimes a laugh sometimes a cry, behavior strange, failure of memory etc. 5. The treatment of senile dementia is follows. The methodes of cure apply phlegm changed-mud(豁痰化濁), self-kidney and added marrow(補腎益髓), self-energy and nutritive blood(益氣補血), vital blood(祛瘀活血), peace of mind and relief(安神情志). The medicines of cure make the most of (sesimtang, jwagui-hwan, tonggwuhwalhuel tang) add and subtract, daeboweonjeon, guibitang, and so on.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.127-135
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• 2002

Anterior subcapsular cataract was developed by opacification with transdifferentiation and abnormal proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). After-cataract also be caused by a similar transdifferentiation of LECs remaining after surgery and the accompanying increase of ECM deposits. It is blown that prostaglandin E2 and cytokine, such as TGF-$\beta$, bFGF, and IL-1, were associated with abnormal proliferation and transdifferentiation of LECs. The aim of this study was to detect the expression of transforming growth factor-$\alpha$ (TGF-$\alpha$), transforming growth factor-$\beta_1$(TGF-$\beta_1$) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in LECs of senile and diabetic cataract. The expressions of these growth factors in lens epithelial cells were determined. The sample for growth factor determination were collected in senile cataract patients without metabolic disorder, especially diabetes mellitus and diabetic cataract patients. The mRNA expression of growth factors was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by Southern blot analysis. Statistics were analysed using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR/southern analysis of RNA obtained from thirty surgical specimens demonstrated that the level of mRNA expression of TGF-$\alpha$, -$\beta_1$ and bFGF was increased in diabetic cataract lens tissues compared with senile cataract specimens but non-significant, bFGF and TGF-$\beta_1$ mRNA expression were detected in most patients, expression level of TGF-$\beta_1$ was most high on the basis of normal ocular concentration. Detection rate of TGF-$\alpha$ in diabetic cataract was 1.5 fold higher than in senile cataract (P=0.098). TGF-$\alpha$, TGF-$\beta_1$, and bFGF mRNA expression of LECs were detected in senile and diabetic cataract. In both patient groups, expression level of TGF-$\beta_1$, mRNA was high, so We suggest TGF-$\beta_1$ strong influence in development of senile cataract and of diabetic cataract also. TGF-$\alpha$ expression level was similar but more frequently detected in diabetic cataract than in senile cataract. In conclusion, TGF-$\alpha$ may be associated with early development of diabetic cataract.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.5-8
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• 2004

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.171-182
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• 1989

The structure, clonal grwoth, shoot modules dynamics and rhizome respiratory rate of the Phragmites longivalvis circular patch were studied in a 15-year-old reclaimed land on Mado of the western Korea for two growing seasons. Clonal growth by P. longivalvis resulted in subpopulations of shoot modules which may be separated into pioneer, mature and senile growth phase. The radial growth of circular patch was 208 cm per a year. The shoot phytomass, shoot height and spike frequency were the lowest in the senile phase, and were the highest in the mature phase. The maximum shoot phytomass of pioneer, mature and senile phase in August was 347, 536 and 195g/$\m^2$ for the first year, and 609, 748 and 248g/$\m^2$ for the second year, respectively. The birth rates of shoot modules were the highest during the early spring. Of all modules, the percemtage of spring cohort of pioneer, mature and senile growth phase were 52, 82 and 70% for the first year, and 83, 88 and 85% for the second year, respectively. The flowering shoots were only derived from spring cohorts. The death rates of shoot modules of the pioneer and mature phase were the highest in October. The module is an annual semelparous plant though the genet is a perennial iteroparous plant. Their survivorship curve was negatively (Deevey type I). The density of shoot modules of the pioneer, mature and senile growth phase increased as much as 4.0, 1.6 and 2.3 times for one year, respectively. The respiratory rate was the highest in the lowest in the senile growth phase.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2005

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of recreational therapy (60 minutes * 3times/week * 6weeks) on dementia behavior & affection, and activity of daily living of senile people with dementia. Methods: The subjects were 27 senile people with dementia, 16 experimental group, 11 control group, admitted at K hospital in Chungnam province in quasi-experimental study. The recreational therapy program was developed, based on the recreational program for senile welfare made by athletics science research institute in Chungnam National University(1997). It consisted of rhythm game, ball play, and beanbag game. The data were collected through questionnaires from May 1st to June 10th 2003 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher' exact test, and Man Whitney U test. Result: The dementia behavior and affection score was significantly different between the two groups (U=32.5, p=.005). The ADL score was significantly different between the two groups (U=12.0, p=.000). There were significant decrease in dementia behavior & affection, and improvement in ADL in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Recreational therapy intervention was proved effect in decreasing dementia behavior & affection and promoting ADL of senile people with dementia. We recommended re-test in containing a communicating variable.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to identify the experience of stress and burn-out in caregivers of patients with senile dementia. Method: To evaluate the degree of stress and burn-out in caregivers of patients with senile dementia, 64 caregivers and matched to 64 patients with senile dementia at a Primary Health Care Post in South Kyung Sung Province were selected. The study was carried out from March 6 to March 30, 2001. Data on the degree of dementia in the patients was measured by the MMSE-K (Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea) and caregiver characteristics such as, sex, age, marital status, educational level, job, socioeconomic status, religion, number in family, relationship with patient, duration of care, and chronic disease in caregiver were collected by direct interview with a questionnaire. Results: Of 64 patients with senile dementia, 15.6% were classified as mild dementia (MMSE score 20-24) and 84.4%, as severe dementia. There were no significant characteristics of caregivers associated with the degree of stress and burn-out experience. The degree of burn-out in these caregivers of patients with severe dementia (mean value 94.3) was significantly higher than the 81.4 for those caring for patients with mild dementia (p<0.05). However, the degree of stress was not significantly related with the degree of dementia. The proportion experiencing severe burn-out (above score 4) was 54.7% in the physical domain, 90.6% in the emotional domain, and 73.4% in psychiatric domain, respectively. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that the degree of stress and burn-out experienced by caregivers of patients with senile dementia are high. Also the degree of burn-out experienced by in caregivers of patients with severe dementia was higher than for those caring for patients with mild dementia.