• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2003

The effects of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae extract were tested for the anti-stress action. 100g of crude drug of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae was extracted with pure water and the total extractive was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 10.7g. ICR male mice($20{\pm}2g$) were fed orally with the dose of 100mg/kg/day for five days. Foot shock was given to make experimental environment of physiological stress. Foot shock mice were placed individually in the foot shock compartments and sociopsychological mice were placed nonfoot shock compartment-the side of foot shock compartments. Mice were exposed to sociopsychological stress by restraining and seeing foot shock stressed mice for one hour for five days. Semen Ziziphi Spinosae extract administered group showed a significant decrease of serum corticosterone secretion compared with control group. Noradrenaline secretions in the dorsal cortex of brain were increased but not significant. Lipid peroxidation of the liver of mice were tested by measuring malondialdehyde, and Semen Ziziphi Spinosae extract had tendency of decreasing lipid peroxidation but not significant. But Semen Ziziphi Spinosae extract administration had the effect of decreasing serum level of aspartate aminotransferase and malondialdehyde. These results suggest that Semen Ziziphi Spinosae extract can effectively rid the sociopsychological stress and stress concerned diseases.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.179-193
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• 2008

Objective: The antioxidant and anti-Alzheimer effects of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS) water extract against the amyloid beta peptide (1-42) or H202-induced oxidative damage and cell death were investigated in rat pheochromocytoma line PC 12. Methods: The cells were incubated with SZS water extract and oxidative damage-inducing materials, amyloid beta peptide (1-42) or H2O2 for 24 h. The cellular viability was assessed by WST-1 assay, cytotoxic damage by LDH activity assay, oxidative damages of cells by fluorescence spectrophotometric method, and apoptosis by TUNEL staining assay. Results and Conclusions: 1. Preincubation of the cells with SZS water extract prior to amyloid beta peptide (1-42) (2 uM) or H2O2 (30 uM) exposure elevated the cell survival close to the control and decreased the level of LDH activity and the fluorescence from the cell homogenates and TUNEL staining of the cells, compared to only amyloid beta peptide (1-42) (2 uM) or H2O2 (30 uM) treated conditions. 2. Our study suggests that Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS) water extract has protective effects against amyloid beta peptide (1-42) or H2O2-induced cell toxicity through the antioxidation mechanism, which might be beneficial for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2016

An UHPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS analytical method was developed for cyclopeptide alkaloids in the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae), which is a commonly used herb in Chinese and Korean traditional medicines. Considering the basicity of cyclopeptide alkaloids, a specific separation method was developed for an UHPLC system. The compounds were detected by DAD and ESI-qTOF-MS, and their fragmentation patterns were also acquired by MS^E technologies. Peak-picking of major compounds was performed with nine previously isolated compounds and two reference standard compounds. Tandem MS fragmentation behaviors of type-Ia and -Ib cyclopeptide alkaloids were investigated with the acquired data to develop a strategy for dereplication of other cyclopeptide alkaloid compounds in Z. jujuba var. spinosa. Two more cyclopeptide alkaloids were tentatively identified with UHPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS using this method.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2019

Previous studies have shown that spinosin was implicated in the modulation of sedation and hypnosis, while its effects on learning and memory deficits were rarely reported. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of spinosin on the improvement of cognitive impairment in model mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by $A{\beta}_{1-42}$ and determine the underlying mechanism. Spontaneous locomotion assessment and Morris water maze test were performed to investigate the impact of spinosin on behavioral activities, and the pathological changes were assayed by biochemical analyses and histological assay. After 7 days of intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of spinosin ($100{\mu}g/kg/day$), the cognitive impairment of mice induced by $A{\beta}_{1-42}$ was significantly attenuated. Moreover, spinosin treatment effectively decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and $A{\beta}_{1-42}$ accumulation in hippocampus. $A{\beta}_{1-42}$ induced alterations in the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), as well as inflammatory response in brain were also reversed by spinosin treatment. These results indicated that the ameliorating effect of spinosin on cognitive impairment might be mediated through the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory process, apoptotic program and neurotrophic factor expression,suggesting that spinosin might be beneficial to treat learning and memory deficits in patients with AD via multi-targets.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.163-179
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide evidence for the clinical effects of foot bath therapy for insomnia disorder through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Studies were selected from seven domestic and international literature databases. Data on diagnostic tools, pattern identification, sample size, intervention methods, outcome measurements, results, and adverse events were extracted. The quality of the selected literature was assessed using Cochrane's risk of bias (RoB) assessment tool. Results: A total of 11 studies were included in this study. The primary diagnostic tool for insomnia dis- order was the criteria for the diagnosis and therapeutic effect of diseases and syndromes in traditional Chinese medicine (CDTDSTCM), along with the Chinese classification of mental disorders-3 (CCMD-3). Treatment effects were mainly evaluated by the effective rate and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The meta-analysis results showed statistically higher effectiveness rates for treating insomnia disorder in the experimental groups receiving herbal medicine foot bath therapy with sleeping or herbal medication compared to the control group. The PSQI was lower in the treatment group receiving herbal medicine foot bath therapy with sleeping medication. The herbal materials used in herbal medicine foot bath therapy mainly included Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Polygonum Multiflorum, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, and Cortex Albizziae. The quality of the included studies was generally poor. Conclusions: This study found that foot bath therapy had clinical efficacy for treating insomnia disorder. The research findings could provide foundational evidence for establishing the clinical basis of foot bath therapy in the treatment of insomnia.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.726-740
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• 2023

목적: 이 연구의 목적은 불면증에 대한 한방 족욕요법의 연구 동향을 검토하는 것이다. 방법: 관련 연구의 수집을 위해 CNKI에서 검색을 수행하여, 2023년 8월 29일까지 발표된 연구를 검토하였다. 불면증 환자를 대상으로 한방 족욕요법과 수면제를 비교한 무작위 대조군 임상시험 만을 분석에 포함하였다. 포함된 연구들의 방법론적 질은 Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool을 사용하여 평가하였다. 메타분석의 결과는 위험비(risk ratios, RRs)와 평균차(mean differences, MDs) 및 그 95% 신뢰구간(confidence intervals, CIs)으로 제시되었다. 결과: 총 11편의 무작위 대조군 임상시험이 포함되었다. 분석 결과, 한방 족욕요법은 벤조디아제핀계 약물과 비교하여 유의하게 더 높은 총유효율(RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.36; I²=25%)과 개선된 피츠버그 수면의 질 지수(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) 총 점수(MD, -3.10; 95% CI, -4.24 to -1.95; I²=73%)를 보였다. 또한, 벤조디아제핀계 약물에 한방 족욕요법을 병용한 경우, 벤조디아제핀계 약물을 단독으로 사용한 것과 비교하여 유의하게 더 높은 총유효율(RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.27; I²=0%)과 개선된 PSQI 총 점수(MD, -2.23; 95% CI, -4.09 to -0.38; I²=80%)을 보였다. 네트워크 분석을 통해 한방 족욕요법에 포함된 약재를 분석하고 시각화한 결과, 4개의 클러스터가 발견되었으며, 핵심 약재는 야교등과 산조인이었다. 포함된 연구들의 방법론적 질은 전반적으로 낮았다. 결론: 이 연구는 불면증 개선에 있어서 단독요법 또는 병행치료로서의 한방 족욕요법이 효과적이라는 제한된 수준의 근거를 보여준다. 이 연구의 발견은 향후 한국에서 시행할 한방 족욕요법 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.