• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.224-228
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• 2019

Background: European policymakers encourage individuals to become self-employed because it is a way to promote innovation and job creation. It can be assumed that health and well-being among the self-employed and managers in small-scale enterprises are particularly crucial in this enterprise group because the smallness of the enterprise makes its members vulnerable. Earlier studies have indicated that the self-employed have a high working pace and work for long and irregular hours, indicating that it can be difficult to stay at home because of sickness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurrence of sickness presenteeism among the self-employed in relation to the organizationally employed and to analyze whether any differences can be explained by higher work demands among the self-employed. Methods: The study is based on the fifth European survey on working conditions (2010) and includes the northwestern European countries in the survey. The questions cover a wide range of topics designed to meet the European Union's political needs. The main variables in this study are sickness presenteeism and several indicators of time demands. Results: The results show that the self-employed report a higher level of sickness presenteeism than the employed: 52.4 versus 43.6%. All indicators of time demands are significantly related to the risk for sickness presenteeism, also when controlling for background characteristics. Conclusion: The results confirm that the level of sickness presenteeism is higher among the self-employed and that high time demands are a major explanation to this.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to compare the Transtheoretical Model components according to the stage of change in smoking cessation behavior and identify factors associated with preparation to quit smoking among college smokers. Methods: Data were collected from 224 undergraduate students using the self-report questionnaire. The survey variables comprised the stage of change in smoking cessation, self-efficacy, and decisional balance and process of change in smoking cessation. Results: There were significant differences in self-efficacy, cons of smoking, and the process of change according to the stage of change in smoking cessation behavior. Cons of smoking and self liberation were significant factors related to the preparation stage of smoking cessation. Conclusion: Strategies to enhance cons of smoking and self liberation in college smokers will be an important intervention component to prepare and plan smoking cessation in future studies.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of parents rearing attitude on family cohesion and adolescents' self-esteem. Methods: The participants were 1,299 high school students from Seoul city and Kyunggi Province in Korea. Data were collected using self-report questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, stepwise regression with SPSS 14.0 win program. Results: The major results are as follows. First, parents rearing attitude was significantly influence to the family cohesion. Second, parents rearing attitude and family cohesion were significantly affect to the adolescent self- esteem. Third, compare the influence size between the parents rearing attitude and family cohesion to the adolescent self- esteem, the family cohesion was higher than the parents rearing attitude. Conclusion: The finding may provide useful insight to researchers who want to develop social support program for adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2007

Purpose: The study was for researching the body image, self esteem and sociability of elementary students related on obesity. Methods: As the method, a convenience sample had been consisted of both 83 boys and 81 girls on 6th grade in elementary schools in Taebaek city. The data were collected through a self-report questionnaire between June 4th and June 8th, 2007. Then x2 test, One-way ANOVA, Scheff Test, and Pearson Correlation worked on the data using SPSS program. Results: On the result, 6th grade students have been perceived less on their overweight and obesity than the actual. On the research, 38.6% of the girls and 19.7% of the boys were actually obesity on their weight. However, 22.9% of the boys and 16.0% of the girls only has been recognized their obesity on the weight. Meantime 37.3% of the boys and 54.3% of the girl wanted to lose their weight. Body image has relatively a positive correlation by moderate level with self-esteem (r =.552. p<.01) and sociability(r=.509, p<.01) as well. Conclusion: As a conclusion of this study, health educators in elementary school need to lead for elementary students to improve their self-esteem and sociability through keeping normal weight. I would like to suggest that the educators need to develop a program for students to perceive the value of health and keep on normal weight.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.340-346
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• 2023

Background: Truck driving is a highly sedentary occupation that places workers at risk for chronic health conditions, such as obesity and high blood pressure. The primary purpose of this study was to objectively describe truck drivers' typical physical activity (PA) patterns. Methods: We used ~7-10-day baseline PA actigraphy data samples from drivers in the Safety & Health Involvement For Truckers (SHIFT) study (n = 394). Driver PA patterns (e.g., average number of ≥10 minute Freedson bouts per week, time in bouts, and common days/times for PA) were summarized with descriptive analyses. We also compared objective accelerometer data to self-reports. Results: Drivers' weekly PA averaged 14.4 minutes (SD = 37.0), and most PA occurred between 5-6 pm on Tuesdays and Wednesdays. Drivers overestimated self-reported weekly exercise by over 60 min/week compared to accelerometer data. Conclusion: Our results suggest that objective PA assessment may be warranted over self-report when possible, and timing may be key in future PA intervention work with truck drivers.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2017

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine self-efficacy, severity, social support, and self-care compliance of patients with liver cirrhosis and to identify the factors that affect their self-care compliance. Methods: A total of 160 outpatients with liver cirrhosis visiting the gastroenterology clinic at an university hospital located in Busan were enrolled in this study. Data were collected via self-report questionnaires including self-efficacy, severity of disease, social support, and self-care compliance measures. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff\acute{e}-test$, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The factors affecting self-care compliance were self-efficacy, severity of disease, age, and sex. These factors explained 28.4% of the variance in self-care compliance of patients with liver cirrhosis. Conclusion: Therefore, nursing interventions that enhance patients' self-efficacy are needed to promote self-care compliance in patients with liver cirrhosis. In addition, patients must be taught of the importance of self-care compliance so that even young patients and those with relatively mild disease. That would also be motivated to comply with self-care instructions.

• Korean Journal of Health Psychology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.483-500
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• 2011

Since the introductionof modern therapies, more children with cancer have survived their illness. As a result, an interest in the degree of adjustment achieved by cancer survivors has increased. In this study, quality of life and behavior problemsof child and adolescent cancer survivors were compared with those of healthy controls. Also, the patternsof the discrepancy between parent-report and self-report were compared. Childhood cancer survivors aged 8-18 and their mothers were participated in the study. Parent and self report versions of PedQL were administered to assess the quality of life. K-CBCL and K-YSR were further completed to assess internalizing and externalizing behavior problem. Results suggested that cancer survivors generally showed lower quality of life in physical and social domains and more internalizing behavior problem than healthy control group. However, the results were affected by the domain, age group, and informant. The pattern of discrepancy between parent and self report was similar. All parents reported higher levelsof quality of life and lower levels of behavior problems compared to the self reports of their siblings. In assessing internalizing problem behaviors, cancer survivor group showed greater discrepancy than the healthy control group.The implications, limitations, and directions for future research were also discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.174-180
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe the relationship of perception of parenting attitude, behavior problems and resilience of school age children. Methods: Participants were 131 children enrolled in the 4th to 6th grades. Data were collected from November 29 to December 6, 2010 using a self-report questionnaire. The questionnaire included the Parental Bonding Instrument, Korean version of Youth Self-Report, and Resilience. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 18.0 program. Results: There were significant differences in resilience according to gender, relationship with peers, academic achievement and school satisfaction. Resilience showed a positive correlation with parental bonding attitude and negative correlation with problem behavior in the children. Conclusion: This result suggests that interventions focusing on parenting attitude to enhance resilience should be developed to help school age children.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.452-462
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting body image among undergraduate students. Method: The research design for this study was a descriptive survey design using a convenience sampling. Data collection was done using self-report questionnaires with 319 undergraduate students located in 3 cities, Seoul, Gangneung and Seosan. Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS Win 12.0 Program were used to analyze the data. Results: In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, gender, height, weight and college major were controlled. Body surveillance and body shame significantly predicted 72.3% of appearance orientation. Sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and self-esteem significantly predicted 33.5% of appearance evaluation. Self-esteem and body surveillance significantly predicted 15.9% of health orientation. Self-esteem significantly predicted 23.3% of health evaluation. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide a comprehensive understanding of body image and related factors in undergraduate students in Korea. However, further study with a larger random sample and more a detailed research design is necessary.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to identify cell phone addiction in high school students and variables predicting this addiction. Methods: The participants were 469 adolescents from four high schools. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, and analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: Of the high school students, 88.4% reported being average users, 7.5%, heavy users, and 4.1%, cell phone addicted. Cell phone addiction was significantly correlated with immediate self-control, self-efficacy, depression, and peer support. Predictors of cell phone addiction were the following: receiving text message on weekends, immediate self-control, main use (text message), minute per call on weekdays, listening to music, gender (female), monthly call charges, depression, person called (friends), and self-efficacy. These factors explained 39% of variance in cell phone addiction. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that cell phone addiction in high school students was influenced by gender, cell phone use, and psychological factors. Therefore the approach to effective cell phone addiction management for high school students is to consider these variables when developing programs for these students.