• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.583-587
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• 1988

Bilateral coronary artery-pulmonary artery fistula is very uncommon congenital heart disease which occupy small percentage of all coronary arterio-venous fistulas. We experienced a case who was 52 years old female with bilateral coronary artery-pulmonary artery fistula. She complained exertional dyspnea k angina[coronary steal syndrome]. On physical examination, any cardiac murmur was not audible. There was no 0y step-up in right heart catheterization. But selective coronary angiography revealed tortuous aberrant vessels which originated from the canal branch of the right coronary artery k the left anterior descending coronary artery. Both aberrant vessels traversed the right ventricular outflow tract, and conjoined just proximal the pulmonic annulus and drained into the main pulmonary artery. The operation was performed under the extracorporeal circulation with beating heart. The procedures were suture-ligation of the draining orifice in main pulmonary artery & the feeding vessels on the right ventricular outflow tract. Postoperatively her complaints were completely disappeared and the selective coronary angiography revealed no left-to-right shunt.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.144-146
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• 2005

Herein, a case of missed upper lumbar disc herniation, diagnosed by thorough neurological examination, digital infrared thermographic imaging[DITI], and repeated magnetic resonance[MR] image study, is reported. A 36-year-old female presented with intractable leg pain on left anterior thigh. Although she underwent lumbar MR image at other hospital, she was misdiagnosed as acute sprain. Neurological examination suggested the possibility of upper lumbar disc herniation, which was confirmed by DITI, MRI, and selective root block. After operation, her leg pain was significantly improved. It should be considered that upper lumbar disc herniation might be misdiagnosed as an acute sprain, as in our case. A high index of suspicion based on thorough neurological examination is most important in such cases. Then, multi-access such as DITI, MR image, and selective block, base on thorough neurological examination, are warranted.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.77-79
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• 2009

The wave concept iterative procedure (WCIP) is used to analyze a quasi-square open metallic ring frequency selective surface (FSS). The quasi-square open metallic ring FSS is dual-polarized. When the incident plane wave is polarized in a direction parallel to the FSS' coupled parallel strips, it shows two rejecting bands. Moreover, another rejecting band can be obtained if the source plane wave is perpendicularly polarized with respect to the FSS' coupled parallel strips. The three resonant frequencies are inversely proportional to the length of the FSS' coupled strips to provide an easy fine tuning of the FSS structure. The simulated results obtained using WCIP are compared to the measured results, and a good agreement is reported.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.334-341
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• 2011

This paper presents accurate solutions for nonlinear transcendental equations of the selective harmonic elimination technique used in three-phase PWM inverters feeding the induction motor by particle swarm optimization (PSO). With the proposed approach, the required switching angles are computed efficiently to eliminate low order harmonics up to the $23^{rd}$ from the inverter voltage waveform, whereas the magnitude of the fundamental component is controlled to the desired value. A set of solutions and the evaluation of the proposed method are presented. The obtained results prove that the algorithm converges to a precise solution after several iterations. The salient contribution of the paper is the application of the particle swarm algorithm to attenuate successfully any undesired loworder harmonics from the inverter output voltage. The current paper demonstrates that the PSO is a promising approach to control the operation of a three-phase voltage source inverter with a selective harmonic elimination strategy to be applied in induction motor drives.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2021

본 논문에서 제안된 에스램 사전 증폭 회로는 에스램 데이터 읽기 과정에서 감지 증폭을 활성화 하는 데 필요한 시간을 55% 감소함으로써 기존 회로 대비 읽기 속도를 현격히 개선하였다. 이는 사전 증폭 과정에서 공정 편차에 의한 트랜지스터의 성능 편차를 보상하는 고유 회로에 기인한 것이다. 뿐만 아니라, 사전 증폭으로 인한 추가 에너지 소모량을 최소화하기 위하여 사전 증폭이 필요한 경우에만 사전 증폭기를 활성화 할 수 있는 선별 활성화 회로를 제안하여 추가 에너지 소모를 4.45% 이내로 제한하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2021

Cascading failure is the main cause of large blackouts in electrical power systems; this paper analyzes a cascading failure in Hanbit nuclear power plant unit two (2) caused by a circuit breaker (CB) operation failure. This malfunction has been expanded to the loss of offsite power (LOOP). In this study, current practices are reviewed and then the methodologies of how to prevent cascading failures in protection power systems are introduced. An overview on the implementation of IEC61850 GOOSE messaging-based zone selective interlocking (ZSI) scheme as key solution is proposed. In consideration of ZSI blocking time, all influencing factors such as circuit breaker opening time, relay I/O response time and messages travelling time in the communication network should be taken into account. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the effect of cascading failure in NPP electrical power protection system and propose preventive actions for this failures. Finally, the expected advantages and challenges are elaborated.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.333-341
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• 1978

A 8 year old male was admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Korea University Hospital on June 22, 1978. The chief complaints were cyanosis and exertional dyspnea since at birth. EKG shows BVH and dextrocardia, phonocardiogram revealed the accentuation of second heart sound in aortic area. Echocardiogram from the left ventricle to the base of the heart, there is a discontinuity between the ventricular septum and the anterior aortic margin with a large aortic root & aortic overriding. His cardiac catheterization data and cardiac angiogram shows situs inversus totalis, dextrocardia, right aortic arch, large ventricular septal defect etc., and finally diagnosed Truncus Arteriosus. Edwards type IV with retrograde aortogram and selective bronchial angiogram. This is the first operative case reported as Rastelli operation for Truncus Arteriosus type IV in the literatures in Korea. Authors have experienced I case of Truncus Arteriosus, Edward type IV and Rastelli operation with Dacron Arterial Conduit Graft under cardiopulmonary bypass on July 3, 1978. The procedures were as follows; 2] Cardiopulmonary bypass: Origin of bronchial arteries excised from descending aorta bilaterally; defects in aorta closed. 2] Horizontal incision made high in right ventricle. 2] Ventricular septal defect [Kirklin type I+II] closed with Teflon patch. 4] Bifurcated dacron arterial graft with pericardial monocusp sutured to the bilateral pulmonary arteries. [Diameter 9 mm: Length 7 cm]. 5] Proximal end of the conduit graft anastomosed to right ventricle. [Diameter 19 mm: Length 5 cm]..Total perfusion time was 220 min. The result of operation was poor due to anastomotic leakage and increased pulmonary vascular resistance resulting acute right heart failure. The patient was died on the operation table. Literatures were briefly reviewed.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권8호
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• pp.1046-1054
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• 2014

In this paper, a hardware prototype for the 10kVA 11-level MMC was built and various experimental works were conducted to verify the operation algorithms of MMC. The hardware prototype was designed using computer simulation with PSCAD/EMTDC software. After manufactured in the lab, the hardware prototype was tested to verify the modulation algorithms to form the output voltage, the balancing algorithm to equalize the sub-module capacitor voltage, and the redundancy operation algorithm to improve the system reliability. The developed hardware prototype can be utilized for analyzing the basic operation and performance improvement of MMC according to the modulation and redundancy operation scheme. It also can be utilize to analyze the basic operational characteristics of HVDC system based on MMC.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1007-1010
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 건물 내에서 통신성능 저하의 원인이 되는 인접 채널의 신호를 제어하기 위해 대역 저지 특성을 갖는 주파수 선택 표면구조를 설계하였다. 제안된 구조는 입사파의 편파 및 입사각에 안정적인 주파수 특성 구현을 위해 프랙탈 형상 기반의 소형화된 단위구조를 사용하였으며, 실제 적용성을 고려, 적은 제작비용으로 대량생산이 용이한 인쇄전자 기술을 이용하여 얇은 필름형 주파수 선택 표면구조를 제작하였다. 전통적인 회로제작 방식인 PCB 공정이 아닌 전도성 Ag 잉크를 이용한 스크린 프린팅 공정을 통해 생산성 및 환경성을 개선하였으며, 설계한 결과를 바탕으로 자유공간 측정을 통해 입사파의 편파 및 입사각에 대한 안정적인 특성을 검증하고, 실제 건물 내벽에 적용 후, 수신 신호강도 측정을 통해 주파수 선택 성능을 확인하였다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.512-520
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 평면 위에 소형화된 단위구조의 반복 배열을 통해 입사파의 편파 및 입사각에 대하여 안정적인 주파수 특성을 갖는 대역 저지 동작 주파수 선택적 표면구조(FSS: Frequency Selective Surface)를 설계하였다. 제안된 소형화 FSS 구조는 삼각형의 루프가 반복되는 육각 형태 구조로 2.5 GHz 동작주파수에서 $0.081{\lambda}{\times}0.081{\lambda}$의 단위셀 크기를 가지며, 매우 안정적인 입사각 및 편파 주파수 응답 특성을 갖는다. 또한, 제안구조는 기존 소형화 기법의 단점인 높은 설계 복잡도를 개선하고, 단일 설계 변수의 조정을 통해 2~8 GHz 광대역에서 안정적인 주파수 응답 특성을 갖는 FSS 구조 설계가 가능함을 확인하였다. 제안된 구조의 검증을 위해 2.5 GHz, 5 GHz, 8.2 GHz 대역에서 동작하는 FSS 구조를 각각 설계 및 제작하였고, 측정 결과로부터 계산된 결과와 잘 일치함을 확인하였으며, 넓은 대역에 걸쳐 입사파의 편파와 입사각에 대하여 안정적인 성능을 가짐을 확인하였다.