• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.399-410
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• 2000

In this, analyzing the type of subjectivity in which people would have about home visit nursing services originating from public health care centers. I tried to research more effective ways to improve home visit nursing care services. and later. for the development of home visit nursing care. to supply basic data. The method for this study was the Q-method. created by William Stephenson. and was adequate for the study of subjectivity. For this study. through the deep interview. literature inquiry, and the discussion course. 206 Q-statement sentences were abstracted. and based on them, after Q-sample-selection. I then collected the Q-categorized-result from 32 subjects from Mar. 10. 2000 to Mar. 25. 2000. Through the statistic a analysis of PC-Qunal program. the subjectivity species were categorized and analyzed. The study results show that there are 3 sorts of recognition types. and they are analyzed in the following; The first type: the positively receiving type shows that they feel thankful and a trusting feeling about home visit nursing. The second type: the negatively mistrusting type shows that they had doubtful attitudes about the specialty of home visit nursing: they wanted medicine or nutrition remedies rather than health education and concerning the their own health care, they prefered the hospitals or clinics. The third type: the conditional receiving type shows that even though they had a positive receiving attitude about home visit nursing wanting to consult with the home visit nurses about the difficult problem which could not easily be settled, hoping that the home visit nurses could visit them more often, in their actual lives. they strongly indicated their attitudes concerning money as more important than home visits. The subjects in these 3 types commonly had a good feeling about the kindness of the home visit nurses: the first and third types also had a positive recognition about home visit nursing; however. in aspects of the evaluation and receiving attitudes, they showed a big difference. When all the above results are integrated. in the case of the first type the home visit nursing service, which satisfied the demand for health care of the medically weak people. should be continuously supplied. Additionally in case of the second type (negatively mistrust). continuous education and support should be supplied with enough interest to lead their concerns about their own health care as well as lead medical spending in a productive and effective direction in order to change their impressions. Through this study. I learned that the recognition of the objectives of home visit nursing services can be categorized in to 3 types and could be analyzed. Thus I wish that this study helps to present basic data which contributes to the development of the home visit nursing field.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.29-36
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a method for generating improved saliency map by learning multiple features to improve the accuracy and reliability of saliency map which has similar result to human visual perception type. In order to overcome the inaccurate result of reverse selection or partial loss in color based salient area estimation in existing salience map generation, the proposed method generates multi feature data based on learning. The features to be considered in the image are analyzed through the process of distinguishing the color pattern and the region having the specificity in the original image, and the learning data is composed by the combination of the similar protrusion area definition and the specificity area using the LAB color space based color analysis. After combining the training data with the extrinsic information obtained from low level features such as frequency, color, and focus information, we reconstructed the final saliency map to minimize the inaccurate saliency area. For the experiment, we compared the ground truth image with the experimental results and obtained the precision-recall value.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.253-259
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• 2002

Application of phytoremediation in the polluted area to remove undesirable materials is a complex and difficult subject without detailed investigation and experimentation. We investigated the accumulation patterns of cadmium and lead in plants naturally grown, the bioavailability of plants to accumulate these toxic metals and the responses of P. thunbergii to cadmium and lead. The soil samples contained detectable lead (＜$17.5_\mu$g/g), whereas cadmium was not detected in the soils of study area. The whole body of Persicaria thunbergii contained detectable lead (＜320.$8_\mu$g/g/g) but cadmium was detected only in the stem (＜7.$4_\mu$g/g/g) and root (＜10.$4_\mu$g/g/g) of P. thunbergii. Cadmium was not detected in Trapa japonica and Nymphoides peltata, whereas lead was detected in T. japonica (＜323.$7_\mu$g/g/g) and N. peltata (＜177.$5_\mu$g/g/g). Correlation coefficient between lead content in soil and in these plant samples represented positive correlation. The total content of lead in each plant sample increased in the order of N. peltata$\leq$P. thunbergii

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.42-52
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• 2013

The aim of this study is to present a prediction model of construction cost for a bridge that has a high reliability using historical data from the planning phase based on a CBR (Case-Based Reasoning) method in order to overcome limitations of existing construction cost prediction methods, which is linearly estimated. To do this, a reasoning model of bridge construction cost by a spreadsheet template was suggested using complexly both CBR and GA (Genetic Algorithm). Besides, this study performed a case study to verify the suggested cost reasoning model for bridge construction projects. Measuring efficiency for a result of the case study was 8.69% on average. Since accuracy of the suggested prediction cost is relatively high compared to the other analysis methods for a prediction of construction cost, reliability of the suggested model was secured. In the case that information for detailed specifications of each bridge type in an initial design phase is difficult to be collected, the suggested model is able to predict the bridge construction cost within the minimized measuring efficiency with only the representative specifications for bridges as an improved correction method. Therefore, it is expected that the model will be used to estimate a reasonable construction cost for a bridge project.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.291-302
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• 2012

Purpose: It is to survey old men's utilization status of dental clinic and temporary-binding dentures and then to provide basic data to make a program for manufacturing old men's dentures and their teeth health education. Methods: Random selection was made on old men living in Daejeon and Chungnam, and a survey was conducted from April 15 to May 20, 2011. 500 questionnaires were distributed and 420 questionnaires were collected. Using spss 18.0 program, final analysis was made on 363 questionnaires except for 57 questionnaires which had missing value or showed some doubts about the unreliability. Results: 1. With respect to number of natural teeth as per the age, the upper/lower jaws had meaningful differences (P<.001), which means that the older the person is, the smaller number of natural teeth is. In the meantime, there was no meaningful difference according to sex. 2. With respect to kind of prosthetics installed in a mouth as per the age, there was meaningful difference in the upper jaws (P<.05) but there was no meaningful difference in the lower jaws. It was found out that the older the persons are, the more they use removable dentures while the younger the persons are, the more they use fixed partial dentures. 3. With respect to mouth health condition recognized by oneself, it showed bad (44.4%) and good (10.3%),which means recognition as bad is greater, and the age when prosthetics were first used is dispersed variously from below 40 to over 70. 4. Dental care institutions which they mainly used are hospital and clinics (91.5%), and 66.4% of them visited dental clinics lately. Preferential treatment if they go to dentists is as follows in the order of prosthetics (33.9%), gum treatment (24.2%) and pain treatment (14.9%). 5. 68.4% of them revisited dentists after installation of dentures and the reason for revisit is as follows in the order of poorly fitted dentures (35.1%), painful gum 25.9%, regular check-up 25.4% and difficult chewing 9.6%. Conclusion: As our country enters into an aging society, mouth health problem of old men has come to a serious issue, and therefore, a survey was conducted on some old men with respect to their utilization status of dental clinic and removable dentures in order to provide basic data for improvement of quality of their life, maintenance and enhancement of their mouth health. The study result shows that the older they are, the higher the loss rate of teeth as well as needs for prosthetics are, and thus it is thought the study will help to develop mouth health education program which may improve quality of old men's life by recovery of mouth functions declined due to loss of teeth and by regular check-up, education for mouth health control and following-up control of dentures.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.53-59
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• 2010

This paper mainly focuses on the Korean Folk Village and Beijing Si-He-Yuan, according to the color theory of hue, value and chroma of Munsell color system to demonstrates the similarities and differences of the traditional upper-class housing between South Korea and China. As the neighboring countries sharing very similar culture and philosophy which owe to the continual communications between China and Korea in the history. The Obangsaek which is derived from the thought of five-elements profoundly and deeply impact on the color selection of traditional housing in both countries. According to the quantitative analysis of photographs, it was found that: 1. The commonly used colors in Korea are Y, YR and neutral color, but in China, people usually used R and GY, especially the high chroma red in Beijing Si-He-Yuan was used as a symbolic color. 2. The chroma preference of traditional housing reveals that people in China used to apply the polychrome and various brightness, on the contrary, the color of low chroma and high lightness were used to be applied in Korea which can give the sense of simplicity and tranquility. 3. Red, one of the Obangsaek affects the color characteristic of Beijing Si-He-Yuan critically but scarcely impact on the color characteristic of Korean Folk Village.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.93-101
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• 2017

The shortage of parking lots in aged apartment complexes built from the 1980s to the mid 1990s is serious. When we look at the case of parking lot expansion in the aged apartment complexes, the method of extending the underground parking lot vertically occupies the majority. It is very important to secure the structural safety of the foundations when the existing buildings are enlarged. In the case of underground vertical work, the work space should be narrow, so that a method with excellent safety, environmental and construction properties should be applied. Urban construction is also required to use construction methods and equipment with low noise and vibration. This study analyzed the factors influencing the selection of the foundation reinforcement method for the expansion of the underground parking lot and Weights of influence factors were calculated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the applicability of the foundation reinforcement method. Factors influencing the applicability of the foundation reinforcement method were derived through expert interviews and The AHP technique was used to calculate the weight of the influencing factors. It was evaluated by experts on the applicability of the foundation reinforcement method. It conducted a case study on two types of underground parking lot expansion type and compared the applicability of the foundation reinforcement method.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.525-535
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• 2019

In this study, 49 major WCS(Wildlife Crossing Structure), including Baekdu-daegan, were evaluated for the effectiveness of WCS on using the daily average frequency index and diversity Index comparing the number of species that appear with the surrounding habitats. According to the analysis, the average use frequency of the entire WCS was 1.4 times, and the average number of WCS exceeded the average was 17 and 34.7 percent of the total. There were 18 WCS with the same number of habitats and species that appeared in the same area, or 36.7 percent of the total. The daily average use frequency and variety were all analyzed at 10 efficient WCS, accounting for 20.4 percent of the total. According to the results of an site survey on the compliance rate of 4 efficient WCS, the compliance rate of the Deoksanjae overpass was the best in location selection, specifications, vegetation cover and soil, fence. The results of this research will be used as basic data for the study of WCS effectiveness, including the improvement of functions of new and installed WCS.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

Xenotransplantation involves multiple steps of immune rejection. The present study was designed to produce nuclear transfer embryos, prior to the production of transgenic pigs, using fibroblasts carrying transgenes human complement regulatory protein hCD59 and interleukin-18 binding protein (hIL-18BP) to reduce hyperacute rejection (HAR) and cellular rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. In addition to the hCD59-mediated reduction of HAR, hIL-18BP may prevent cellular rejection by inhibiting the activation of natural killer cells, activated T-cell proliferation, and induction of $IFN-{\gamma}$. Transgene construct including hCD59 and ILI-18BP was introduced into miniature pig fetal fibroblasts. After antibiotic selection of double transgenic fibroblasts, integration of the transgene was screened by PCR, and the transgene expression was confirmed by RT-PCR. Treatment of human serum did not affect the survival of double-transgenic fibroblasts, whereas the treatment significantly reduced the survival of non-transgenic fibroblasts (p<0.01), suggesting alleviation of HAR. Among 337 reconstituted oocytes produced by nuclear transfer using the double transgenic fibroblasts, 28 (15.3%) developed to the blastocyst stage. Analysis of individual embryos indicated that 53.6% (15/28) of embryos contained the transgene. The result of the present study demonstrates the resistance of hCD59 and IL-18BP double-transgenic fibroblasts against HAR, and the usefulness of the transgenic approach may be predicted by RT-PCR and cytolytic assessment prior to actual production of transgenic pigs. Further study on the transfer of these embryos to surrogates may produce transgenic clone miniature pigs expressing hCD59 and hIL-18BP for xenotransplantation.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.289-296
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• 2014

The pedigree information and race records of 1,000 m finishing time of Jeju race horses at KRA were used to study the effect of amount of pedigree information and parental misidentification on the estimates of genetic parameters. The modified data sets were made at the range of 2.5 to 25% parental misidentifications or loss of parental information of individuals with an increment of 2.5 percent. For each incremental level, 20 randomly replicated data sets were obtained and analyzed by single-trait analysis with a DF-REML(AI) algorithm. As the rate of misidentification increased or the amount of pedigree information decreased, the estimates of fraction of additive genetics variance component gradually decreased almost linearly (p<0.05), while the estimated fractions of error variance and permanent environmental variance components gradually increased for the finishing time. Regression coefficients of the percentage amount of both parents' information loss and incorrect pedigree information on additive genetic variances were -0.079 and -0.114, respectively (p<0.01). The estimate of heritability decreased by 0.92% for one percent loss of both parents' information and 1.39% for one percent increase of both parental misidentifications of progeny (p<0.01). For the consideration of probable incorrect and missing parent information of progeny in this early population of Jeju horses, the estimates of additive genetic parameters would be biased downward about ten percent. This results indicate that the amount of pedigree information loss and misidentification of progeny would severely affect estimates of genetic parameters and would reduce genetic gains for selection in Jeju horse population.