• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.595-603
• /
• 2018

Shake table testing has been regarded as one of the most effective experimental approaches to evaluate seismic response of structural systems subjected to earthquakes. However, reproducing a prescribed acceleration time history precisely over the frequency of interest is challenging because shake table test systems are eventually nonlinear by nature. In addition, interaction between the table and specimen could affect the control accuracy of shake table testing significantly. Various novel control algorithms have been proposed to improve the control accuracy of shake table testing; however, reference values for control performance assessment remain rare. In this study, reference values for control performance assessment of shake table testing are specified based on the statistical analyses of 1,209 experimental data provided by the Seismic Simulator Laboratory of National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering in Taiwan. Three individual reference values are considered for the assessment including the root-mean-square error of the achieved acceleration time history; the percentage of the spectral acceleration that exceeds the determined tolerance range over the frequency of interest; and the error-ratio of the achieved peak ground acceleration. Quartiles of the real experimental data in terms of the three objective variables are obtained, providing users with solid and simple references to evaluate the control performance of shake table testing. Finally, a set of experimental data of a newly developed control framework implementation for uni-axial shake tables are used as an application example to demonstrate the significant improvement of control accuracy according to the reference values provided in this study.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제92권3호
• /
• pp.285-295
• /
• 2024

In order to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structure, high performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC) energy dissipation walls were installed in RC frame to form a new aseismic structure. Two half-scale HPFRC energy dissipation wall-RC frame specimens were designed and constructed. Quasi-static tests were performed to study the failure mechanism, deformation performance, and energy dissipation performance. The test results indicate that HPFRC energy dissipation wall-RC frame structures can achieve the seismic fortification objective of being "repairable after major earthquake". Based on the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method, seismic fragility analysis of the HPFRC energy dissipation wall-RC frame structure was performed by using PERFORM-3D structural analysis software and 44 ground motion records. The results show that the HPFRC material has good tensile strain hardening performance, which can improve the damage resistance and energy dissipation capacity of the structure or components. When the structure collapses, the average spectral acceleration response corresponding to the fundamental period of the structure calculated by 44 ground motion records is greater than the spectral acceleration corresponding to the fundamental period of the structure duringa rare earthquake with a fortification intensity of 8 degree, so the HPFRC energy dissipation wall-RC frame structure has good anti-collapse ability. Under the action of a rare earthquake of magnitude 8, the exceeding probability of collapse of the HPFRC energy dissipation wall-RC frame structureis 0.03%, which meets the requirements forseismic protection of the structure under the action of a large earthquake.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2019

A smart connective control system was invented recently for coupling control of adjacent buildings. Previous studies on this topic focused on development of control algorithm for the smart connective control system and design method of control device. Usually, a smart control devices are applied to building structures after structural design. However, because structural characteristics of building structure with control devices changes, a iterative design is required for optimal design. To defeat this problem, an integrated optimal design method for a smart connective control system and connected buildings was proposed. For this purpose, an artificial seismic load was generated for control performance evaluation of the smart coupling control system. 20-story and 12-story adjacent buildings were used as example structures and an MR (magnetorheological) damper was used as a smart control device to connect adjacent two buildings. NSGA-II was used for multi-objective integrated optimization of structure-smart control device. Numerical simulation results show the integrated optimal design method proposed in this study can provide various optimal designs for smart connective control system and connected buildings presenting good control performance.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.871-876
• /
• 2001

Recent earthquakes in California and Japan caused extensive damage to highway bridge structures. It is also thought that during probable earthquakes bridge structures in Korea could be failed due to the structural deficiencies, which were nonseismically designed and constructed before 1992. In these regards, innovative strengthening methods have been developed to repair reinforced concrete bridge columns, especially by glassfiber sheet bonding methods which are widely used today. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the seismic behavior of RC bridge columns retrofitted with composite straps and to propose pertinent guidelines of repair and rehabilitation method for earthquake resistant design procedure of RC bridges which are located in low or moderate seismicity regions. Six scaled-down concrete test specimens were made with test variables such as lap splice ratio, axial force ratio, confinement ratio, composite straps in the plastic hinge region. Pertinent design guidelines could be developed for the earthquake resistant design of RC bridge piers retrofitted with glassfibers in low or moderate seismic region.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.599-607
• /
• 2020

This paper deals with the experimental investigation on the behavior of RCS beam-column exterior joints. Two full-scale specimens of joints between reinforced concrete columns and steel beams are tested under cyclic loading. The objective of the test is to study the effect of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) on the seismic behavior of RCS joints. The load bearing capacity, story drift capacity, ductility, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation of specimens are evaluated. The experimental results point out that the FRC joint is increased 20% of load carrying capacity and 30% of energy dissipation capacity in comparison with the RC joint. Besides, the FRC joint shown lower damage and better ductility than RC joint.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.266-273
• /
• 2002

Pushover analysis is frequently used for evaluation of seismic performance and determination of seismic demand of a building structure in the current structural engineering practice field. However, pushover analysis has a advantage for estimation of seismic demands, which cannot account for the contributions of higher modes to response or for a redistribution of inertia forces because of structural yielding and the associated changes in the vibration properties of the structures. Recently, Chopra and Coel(2001) derived uncoupled inelastic dynamic equation of motion with several assumptions in the pushover analysis. By using this approach, pushover analysis for each mode is carried out and modal pushover analysis method, which can consider higher mode effects of the building, was suggested. The principle objective of this study is to introduced the modal pushover analysis by Chopra et al.(2001) and investigated the applicability and validity of this method for the steel moment frames subjected to various earthquake ground motions.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.81-92
• /
• 2013

기존 내진설계의 목적은 구조물의 갑작스런 피해로 인한 인명손실을 방지하는 것이다. 지난 수십년간 구조물의 내진성능을 향상시키기 위해서 효과적인 지진저항시스템을 개발하는 수많은 연구들이 진행되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 내진성능을 향상시킴과 동시에 지진 이후 보수가 편리하도록 하는 새로운 제진시스템을 제안하는데 있다. 제안된 제진시스템은 벽의 하부에 슬릿을 두고 제진장치가 수평으로 작동하도록 하여 지진에너지를 소산하도록 계획되었다. 제안된 시스템의 이력거동과 에너지소산능력을 조사하기 위해서 반복가력실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과는 제안된 시스템이 안정된 이력응답을 나타내며, 에너지의 소산은 제진장치에 집중되는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.585-596
• /
• 2006

이 연구의 목적은 높은 지진 위험도를 가진 지역에 위치한 철골조 모멘트 구조물에 대한 반응수정계수의 영향을 평가함을 목표로 하고 있다. 3층, 9층, 그리고 20층으로 구성된 구조물 모델이 2000 International Building Code(IBC) 기준과 각각의 다른 반응수정계수들(8, 9, 10, 11, 12)에 따라 설계되었다. 이에 따라 전체 30개의 구조물이 50년 동안의 2% 초과 확률을 가지는 20개의 지반 운동에 대해 변위요구와 변위능력 값이 조사되었다. 이 결과는 현재의 지진 기준에 따라 설계된 표준적인 구조물과의 성능 비교를 통해 반응수정계수의 변화에 따른 효과를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 3층 및 9층 구조물은 기존의 반응수정계수 값 8에 비해 크게 설계되었음에도 불구하고 붕괴방지의 성능목표를 만족하는데 안정적인 반응을 보여 주었다. 그러나 2000 IBC에서 명시하고 있는 탄성설계스펙트럼(CS)에 대한 최소 값의 적용 없이 설계된 20층 구조물은 붕괴방지의 성능목표에 대해 낮은 내진성능을 보여 주었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제77권1호
• /
• pp.115-135
• /
• 2021

This paper focuses on examining the effects of span arrangements on displacement responses of plan-symmetric RC frame buildings designed using the direct displacement-based design (DDBD) method by employing non-linear analyses and the skew seismic attack. In order to show the desired performance of DDBD design approach, the force-based design approach is also used to examine the seismic performance of the selected structures. To realize this objective, 8-story buildings with different plans are selected. In addition, the dynamic behavior of the structures is evaluated by selecting 3, 7, and 12-story buildings. In order to perform non-linear analyses, OpenSees software is used for modeling buildings. Results of an experimental model are used to validate the analytical model implemented in OpenSees. The results of non-linear static and non-linear dynamic analyses indicate that changing span arrangements does not affect estimating the responses of structures designed using the DDBD approach, and the results are more or less the same. Next, in order to apply the earthquake in non-principle directions, DDBD structures, designed for one-way performance, are designed again for two-way performance. Time history analyses are performed under a set of artificial acceleration pairs, applied to structures at different angles. It is found that the mean maximum responses of earthquakes at all angles have very good agreement with the design-acceptable limits, while the response of buildings along the height direction has a relatively acceptable and uniform distribution. Meanwhile, changes in the span arrangements did not have a significant effect on displacement responses.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.399-415
• /
• 2023

In this study, we investigate the use of a negative stiffness tuned inerter damper system to improve the performance of a base-isolated structure. The negative stiffness tuned inerter damper system consists of a tuned inerter damper connected in parallel with a negative stiffness element. To find the optimal parameters for the base-isolated structure with negative stiffness tuned inerter damper system, we develop an optimization method based on performance criteria. The objective of the optimization is to minimize the superstructure acceleration response ratio, while ensuring that the base displacement response ratio remains below a specified target value. We evaluate the proposed method by conducting numerical analyses on an eight-story building. The structure is modeled using both a simplified 3-degree-of-freedom system and a more detailed story-by-story shear-beam model. Lastly, a comparative analysis using time history analysis is performed to compare the performance of the base-isolated structure with negative stiffness tuned inerter damper system with that of the base-isolated structure and base-isolated structure with tuned inerter damper systems. The results obtained from the comparative analysis show that the negative stiffness tuned inerter damper system outperforms the tuned inerter damper system in reducing the dynamic seismic response of the base-isolated structure. Overall, this study demonstrates that the negative stiffness tuned inerter damper system can effectively enhance the performance of base-isolated structures, providing improved seismic response reduction compared to other systems.