• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2016

Damages of large embankment dams by recent strong earthquakes in the world highlight the importance of seismic security of dams. Some of recent dam construction projects for water storage and hydropower are located in highly seismic zone, hence the seismic performance evaluation is an important issue. While state-of-the-art numerical analysis technology is generally utilized in practice for seismic performance evaluation of large dams, physical modeling is also carried out where new construction technology is involved or numerical analysis technology cannot simulate the behavior appropriately. Geotechnical centrifuge modeling is widely adopted in earthquake engineering to simulate the seismic behavior of large earth structures, but sometimes it can't be applied for large embankment dams due to various limitations. This study proposes a dynamic centrifuge testing method for large embankment dams and evaluated its applicability. Scaling relations for a case which model scale and g-level are different could be derived considering the stress conditions and predominant period of the structure, which is equivalent to previously suggested scaling relations. The scaling principles and testing method could be verified by modified modeling of models using a model at different acceleration levels. Finally, its applicability was examined by centrifuge tests for an embankment dam in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2020

A corrugated steel plate wall (CSPW) system is advantageous to secure the strength and stiffness required for lateral force resistance because of its high out-of-plane stability. It can also stably dissipate large amounts of energy even after peak strength. In this paper, a preliminary study has been carried out to use the CSPW system in the seismic retrofit of existing reinforced concrete (RC) moment frame buildings. The seismic performance for an example building was evaluated, and then a step-by-step retrofit design procedure for the CSPW was proposed. An equivalent analytical model of the CSPW was also introduced for a practical analysis of the retrofitted building, and the strengthening effect was finally evaluated based on the results of nonlinear analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2000

The real situation of an underground reinforced concrete(RC) structure with the surrounding soil medium subjected to seismic load is quite difficult to be simulated through an expensive work and, even if it is possible to arrange such an experiment, it will be too expensive. So development of analytical method can be applied usefully to seismic design and seismic retrofit through an analysis of seismic behavior and seismic performance evaluation. A path-dependent constitutive model for soil that can estimate the response of soil layer is indispensible for dealing with kinematic interaction of RC/soil entire system under seismic loads. And interface model which deals with the dynamic interaction of RC/soil entire system is also necessary. In this study, finite element analysis program that can consider path-dependent behavior of RC and soil, and interfacial behavior between RC and soil is developed for rational seismic analysis of RC/soil entire system. Using this program, nonlinear behavior of interface between RC and soil is analyzed, and the effect of interfacial behavior to entire system is investigated.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.633-648
• /
• 2014

The seismic safety of concrete dams is one of the important problems in the engineering due to the vast socio-economic disasters which may be caused by collapse of these infrastructures. The accuracy of the risk evaluation associated with these existing dams as well as the efficient design of future dams is highly dependent on a proper understanding of their behaviour due to earthquakes. This paper develops an anisotropic damage model for arch dam under strong earthquakes. The modified Drucker-Prager criterion is adopted as the failure criteria of the dynamic damage evolution of concrete. Some process fields and other necessary information for the safety evaluation are obtained. The numerical results show that the seismic behaviour of concrete dams can be satisfactorily predicted.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.74 no.2
• /
• pp.201-214
• /
• 2020

This study aims at evaluating composite moment frame structures (CFS) using wavelet analysis of the displacement behavior of these structures. Five seismic damage mitigation systems' models of 9-story CFS are examined namely, basic (Model 1), reinforced (Model 2), buckling restrained braced (BRB) (Model 3), lead rubber bearing (LRB) (Model 4), and composite (Model 5) moment frames. A novel integration between continuous and discrete wavelet transforms is designed to estimate the wavelet power energy and variance of measurements' behaviors. The behaviors of the designed models are evaluated under influence of four seismic loads to study the dynamic performance of CFS in the frequency domain. The results show the behaviors of models 3 and 5 are lower than other models in terms of displacement and frequency performances. Model 3 has been shown lower performances in terms of energy and variance wavelets along the monitoring time; therefore, Model 3 demonstrates superior performance and low probability of failure under seismic loads. Furthermore, the wavelet variance analysis is shown a powerful tool that can be used to assess the CFS under seismic hazards.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.495-505
• /
• 2009

Bridges form crucial links in the transportation network especially in high seismic risk regions. This research aims to provide a quantitative methodology for post-earthquake performance evaluation of the bridges. The experimental portion of the research involved shake table tests of a 4-span bridge which was subjected to progressively increasing amplitudes of seismic motions recorded from the Northridge earthquake. As part of this project, a high resolution long gauge fiber optic displacement sensor was developed for post-seismic evaluation of damage in the columns of the bridge. The nonlinear finite element model was developed using Opensees program to simulate the response of the bridge and the abutments to the seismic loads. The model was modified to predict the bent displacements of the bridge commensurate with the measured bent displacements obtained from experimental analysis results. Following seismic events, the tangential stiffness matrix of the whole structure is reduced due to reduction in structural strength. The nonlinear static push over analysis using current damaged stiffness matrix provides the longitudinal and transverse ultimate capacities of the bridge. Capacity loss in the transverse and longitudinal directions following the seismic events was correlated to the maximum displacements of the deck recorded during the events.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.4580-4586
• /
• 2013

Many school buildings are not applied seismic code because of small size structures. But it must be designed to show enough structural performance when subject to earthquake due to the fact that most of school buildings are generally used as public shelters when the natural disasters. In this study, the seismic risk of the reinforced concrete school building structure which is the most common types of school structures was evaluated by using the seismic performance evaluation methods. As a result, model structures don't have enough seismic performance.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.319-328
• /
• 2022

Ensuring the integrity of a country's infrastructure is necessary to protect surrounding communities in case of disaster. Embankment dam systems across the US are an essential component of infrastructure, referred to as lifeline structures. Embankment dams are crucial to the survival of life and if these structures were to fail, it is imperative that states be prepared. Southern California is particularly concerned with the stability of embankment dams due to the frequent seismic activity that occurs in the state. The purpose of this study was to create a numerical model of an existing embankment dam simulated under seismic loads using previously recorded data. The embankment dam that was studied in Los Angeles, California was outfitted with accelerometers provided by the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program that have recorded strong motion data for decades and was processed by the Center for Engineering Strong Motion Data to be used in future engineering applications. The accelerometer data was then used to verify the numerical model that was created using finite element modeling software RS2. The results from this study showed Puddingstone Dam's simulated response was consistent with that experienced during previous earthquakes and therefore validated the predicted behavior from the numerical model. The study also identified areas of weakness and instability on the dam that posed the greatest risk for its failure. Following this study, the numerical model can now be used to predict the dam's response to future earthquakes, develop plans for its remediation, and for emergency response in case of disaster.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2013

A damage-based approach for the performance-based seismic assessment of reinforced concrete frame structures is proposed. A new methodology for structural damage assessment is developed that utilizes response information at the material level in each section fiber. The concept of the damage evolution is analyzed at the section level and the computed damage is calibrated with observed experimental data. The material level damage parameter is combined at the element, story and structural level through the use of weighting factors. The damage model is used to compare the performance of two typical 12-story frames that have been designed for different seismic requirements. A series of nonlinear time history analyses is carried out to extract demand measures which are then expressed as damage indices using the proposed model. A probabilistic approach is finally used to quantify the expected seismic performance of the building.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.662-665
• /
• 2004

In this paper, based on shaking table test results on a seismically isolated bridge model, an inelastic numerical model is refined by using Bouc-Wen model representing the hysteretic behavior of isolators. Seismic responses of isolated bridges are numerically investigated varying with relative stiffness ratios, which is a ratio of the effective stiffness of isolator to the lateral stiffness of bridge pier. From the results, it is found that an adequate range of relative stiffness ratio could be defined for seismic design of isolated bridges without considering the flexibility of piers.