• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2002

돼지풀(Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior D/sub ESCOURTILS/)종자의 발아를 유발시키는 몇가지 환경요인의 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 종자의 휴면은 온도와 토양함수량이 적절하면 채종직후에도 일부분 타파되었고, 주야의 변온(30/20℃)이 휴면타파에 효과적이었다. 온도에 따른 발아율은 12℃∼32℃의 온도처리구에서 모두 발아가 이루어졌고, 발아에 필요한 최적온도는 24℃였다. (P<0.01). 토양함수량의 영향은 30% 처리구에서 증가하기 시작하여 60% 처리구에서 최대치를 나타내고 (P<0.05) 80% 처리구에서 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 토양함수량 7% 처리구에서는 전혀 발아가 이루어지지 않았다. 온도에 대한 광의 영향은 24℃의 온도 처리구에서 광처리시와 암처리시 가장 높은 발아율을 나타내었고, 광의 존재유무에 따른 발아율의 차이는 뚜렷하지 않았다. (P>0.05). 채종시기간에는 9개월 저장기간의 어떤 시기에도 종자의 발아에 특별한 영향을 나타내지 않았다. (P>0.05). 온도상승구(IT)에서 돼지풀종자는 16℃에서 발아하기 시작하였고 온도가 상승함에 따라 발아율이 점차 증가하여 최종발아율은 99.34%에 이르렀다. 반면에 온도하강구(DT)에서는 20℃에서 처음발아가 시작되었으며(1.34℃)에서 5.34%의 최종발아율을 나타내었고, 온도가 하강함에 따라 2차 휴면이 유도되었다. 저온에 의한 종자의 휴면타파가 고온에 의한 휴면타파보다 더 많이 유도되어, 돼지풀 종자는 늦가을에도 발아가 이루어지나 그 다음해 봄에 대부분의 종자발아가 이루어질 것으로 생각되어진다. 이와 같은 돼지풀종자들 내의 발아습성의 변이가 다양한 환경변화에 대해 자신의 생존과 자손의 번식을 위한 생리적·생태적 전략임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to examine effect by Solid Matrix Priming(SMP) ; method far enhanced rapid and uniform seedling emergence in tobacco seeds. The results were as follows. No enhancement of germination rate was by SMP treatment. In KF114 during 9 days treatment and in KB108 during 7 days treatment, germinative energy was highest, and T50 and mean germination time were the shortest. Cells in embryo and hypocotyl were divided and extended during SMP treatment. The contents of fatty acid were increased in SMP treatment. The changes of glucose content were little.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1630-1630
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• 2001

NIR specroscopy is widely used today as a quantitative technique for predicting the chemical composition of various agricultural product. However there exist few application for seed quality assessment, especially for seed germinability. This study is to show the possibilities of a nondestructive estimation of germinability in radish (Raphanus sativus L) seeds. The experiment carried out on one radish cultivar (Chung Su Gung Jung, Nong Woo Bio Co., Ltd.) harvested in 1993. NIR(Foss Co.) spectral measurements were carried out on the seeds surface of flat side. The seeds after spectral measurements were planted on blotter individually and observed germination. The seeds were characterized to nongermination and germination group, which in turn grouped to normal and abnormal germination and then compared with the NIR spectra. The spectra from these seed groups were compared each other, The result suggested that NIR spectra could be applicable to determine radish seeds germinability.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.580-585
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• 2006

본 연구는 경립종자로서 종피가 단단하고 두꺼워 발아시 어려움이 있는 회화나무 종자를 여러 가지 전처리를 통해 발아율 및 발아지수를 향상시키고자 실시하였다. 종피 파상처리로서 황산 30, 60, 90% 용액에 30분간 침지하였고, 종자의 유근 반대편 부위를 1/8, 2/8, 3/8씩 절단하였다. 또한 종자를 젖은 수건에 싸서 밀봉 후 $4^{\circ}C$ 저온고에 각각 3, 5, 10일간 보관하였으며, $90{\sim}95^{\circ}C$ 뜨거운 물에 각각 2, 5, 10분간 침지하였다. 전처리된 종자는 각각 다른 발아특성을 나타내었다. 황산 처리된 종자는 발아율 및 발아지수에서 무처리구 보다 높게 나타났다. 특히, 황산 90%처리에서 가장 높은 효과를 보여주었다. 종자 절단 처리에서는 절단 길이가 늘어날수록 발아율 및 발아지수가 감소하였으며 종자의 냉층적 처리에서는 차이를 보이지 않았다(p=0.258). 열탕 처리시 2분 침지 종자는 무처리 종자보다 발아율 및 발아지수가 낮게 나타났으며 5, 10분 침지 종자는 발아하지 않았다. 전처리가 종자 발아뿐만 아니라 유묘활력에도 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 전처리 종자로부터 생장한 유묘를 대상으로 상대생장율 및 T/R율을 조사한 결과 황산 90% 처리구의 유묘에서 가장 뛰어난 수고 및 근원경의 상대생장율과 T/R율을 관찰 할수 있었다. 위의 결과로서 황산 90% 용액에 30분간 침지처리를 했을 때 회화나무 종자의 발아율, 발아지수를 비롯한 유묘의 상대생장율 및 T/R율이 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.427-434
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• 2014

1. 생산지에 따라 벼 종자의 수발아립률 차이가 컸던 호품벼의 출아율과 발아율을 조사한 결과, 수발아율 8%인 시료는 수발아율이 1%인 시료에 비해 발아율과 출아율, 종자활력이 30% 낮았다. 2. 수발아율이 높은 시료는 수발아립의 변색 정도가 심하고 미발아율과 부패율이 높았다. 수발아립은 배가 돌출하고, 변색된 배유와 곰팡이 감염이 관찰되었으며 배유의 1/2이상이 변색된 종자는 발아율이 매우 낮았다. 3. 종자의 발아 진행정도에 따라 현미의 변색이 심해졌는데, 싹이 3 mm이상일 경우 배유의 1/2정도가 변색되었다. 4. 발아 종자는 싹이 3 mm이상일 때부터 재발아율이 크게 떨어졌으며 퇴화촉진처리 후 발아율의 감소가 더 컸다. 특히 퇴화촉진처리한 발아 종자는 싹이 2 mm부터 종자활력이 크게 감소하였다. 결론적으로 수발아 발생이 심할수록 파종기 발아율과 출아율의 감소가 크고, 수발아가 3 mm이상 발생하면 발아율이 크게 저하될 것으로 생각된다. 또한 수발아는 동일 품종과 동일 지역에서도 포장 간 차이가 크게 발생할 수 있으므로 재배관리에 주의해야 한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.907-915
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• 2019

This study aims to identify the most tolerant species under salinity stress from amongst Asteraceae and Poaceae. The seeds of six species were exposed to different concentrations of $CaCl_2$ (0, 9, 18, 45, 90 mM) and NaCl (0, 17, 34, 85, 170 mM), and germination was measured once every two days. The results indicated that percent germination of the six species of Asteraceae and Poaceae seeds were affected differently by changes in salinity concentration. Seed germination was reduced as salinity levels increase, and longer mean germination times correlated to lower percent germination and earlier germination cessation. Both Asteraceae and Poaceae seeds had the highest germination rates at 18 mM $CaCl_2$ and 34 mM NaCl, and seed germination and growth were severely reduced at salinities greater than 90 mM $CaCl_2$ and 170 mM NaCl. In the seeds of Poaceae, salt resistance was strong in the order of Miscanthus sinensis Andersson, Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng., and Phragmites communis Trin. In the seeds of Asteraceae, salt resistance was strong in the order of Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum (Maxim.) Kitam, Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda, and Dendranthema boreale (Makino) Ling ex Kitam.. Overall, the germination rate was higher in Asteraceae than in Poaceae. This study demonstrated that Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum (Maxim.) Kitam. is the most tolerant species and that a relationship exists between the salt tolerance of percent germination and the mean germination time in the leaves.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-56
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• 2009

Orchid seeds are nearly microscopic in size. Because of that, many fanciful theories were proposed for the origin of orchids. Almost 400 years separate the time when orchid seeds were seen for the first time and the development of a practical asymbiotic method for their germination. The seeds were first observed and drawn during the sixteenth century. Seedlings were first described and illustrated in 1804. The association between orchid and fungi was observed as early as 1824, while the requirement for mycorrhiza for seed germination was established in 1899. An asymbiotic method for orchid seed germination was developed in 1921. After Knudson's media B and C were formulated, orchids growing and hybridization became widespread. Hybrids which early growers may not have even imagined became possible.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.1036-1039
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• 2002

The effect of germination on phytase activity in wheat NEAU123, triticale5305 and rye2 was studied in the present study. Germination significantly increased phytase activity by 2.04 times for wheat NEAU123 (3 d), 1.82 times for triticale 5305 (1 d) and 2.45 times for rye2 (1 d), respectively. It was safe for phytase in fresh malts kilned for 2 h at $40^{\circ}C$. Phytase in cereal seeds had strong heat stability. There was no loss of phytase activity in cereal seeds heated at $70^{\circ}C$ for 1 h, a little loss (${\leq}$5.46%) at $80^{\circ}C$ or $90^{\circ}C$. Even heated at $100^{\circ}C$, the phytase activity in wheat NEAU123, triticale5305 and rye2 remained 89.47%, 86.44% and 104.64%, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1980

ATP contents of soybean(Glycine max Merrill) and mungbean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) seeds being germinated with Hoagland solution at $30^{\circ}C$ for 6 days were determined. In pregerminated seed, ATP contents in soybean and mumgbean were 11.4 and 63.0$\mu$g/g fresh seed respectively. During germination, the highest ATP content of soybean seeds was 550% of initial content on 2nd day and that of mungbean was 480% on 1st day after germination. ATP content in cotyledon of soybean and mungbean were increased up to 4th and 1st day after germination respectively, thereafter both were decreased, but those in the root, including the hypocotyl, of both seeds were continuously increased with germination progress.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2009

Dracocephalum argunense Fischer ex Link (Labiatae) is a perennial herbaceous plant used as valuable materials for ornamentals, honey production, and pharmaceutics. Since seed germination of this species was quite difficult, present studies were conducted to improve the germination rate by subjecting the seeds to various environmental conditions (temperature and light) and treatments (scarification, priming and seed coating). Optimum temperature for adequate germination was 20$^{\circ}C$ though it ranged from 15$^{\circ}C$ to 25$^{\circ}C$, and low temperature treatment improved germination rate. Light was required for higher germination rate in this species. The scarification of seeds resulted in much higher germination, especially by the physical treatment with sandpaper or chemical treatment with sulfuric acid for 30 seconds. Various primers with different concentrations were treated on the seeds and it was demonstrated that low temperature enhanced germination rate, regardless of kinds and concentrations of the primers. Three treatment combinations of the primers, 0.5 mM $GA_{3}$ treated for 48 hours, 0.5 mM IAA for 24 hours, and 1.0 mM IAA for 24 hours, increased the seed germination rate profoundly. Soaking treatment of inorganic salts, $KNO_{3}$ and $KH_{3}PO_{4}$, promoted germination when seeds were subjected to low temperature. Water soluble primers such as sucrose at 0.5 and 3% concentration and solid primer talc powder were effective in enhancing germination rate.