• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.97.2-98
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• 2003

The main objective of this study was to investigate the patterns of glucosinolates (3-butenyl isothiocyanate, total glucosinolates) in different parts of young seedling and seeds on Korean Chinese cabbages 55 days and Winter pride cultivars. For determination of glucosinolates, two cultivars of Chinese cabbages seeds and different parts of 1-day-old, 3-day-old, 5-day-old, and 7-day-old seedlings were used for analytical sample preparation provided with an anion exchanges column, and measured by GC and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. 3-Butenyl ITC concentration was the highest in the cotyledon and the hypocotyl parts of 55 days cultivar seedling. In the cotyledon part of Winter pride cultivar seedling, 3-butenyl ITC amount was increase to 3-day-old seedling and then reduced. The cotyledon of 55 days cultivar contained the highest concentration of total glucosinolates while those were increased in the hypocotyl and decreased by degrees in the root. Total glucosinolates amounts were increased to 5-day-old seedling and then decreased in the cotyledon and the hypocotyl parts of seedling on Winter pride cultivar. There was no significant difference in the root part. In the seeds, both of 3-butenyl ITC and total glucosinolates, 55 days cultivar concentration was higher than Winter pride cultivar. The study has shown the variability in 3-butenyl ITC and total glucosinolates concentrations among cultivars, growth stages, and parts.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 2008

Utilization of carbon sources by Bacillus cereus D324, a biological control agent, and Pythium species, which causes rice seedling disease, was studied with the objective of increasing the efficacy of biological control by providing the biological control agent with specific beneficial carbon sources. D-galactose, D-sorbitol, and D-mannitol were poor carbon sources for Pythium spp. growth but were good for B. cereus D324 growth. Growth in a growth chamber of rice seeds coated with B. cereus D324 amended with specific carbon sources, such as D-galactose and D-sorbitol, showed significantly enhanced seedling emergence compared to seeds coated only with B. cereus D324. Field trials showed that both seedling emergence and yield increased, when the above specific carbon sources were added to B. cereus D324 in seed coating formulations. This result indicated that amending seed coating formulations with specific carbon sources could significantly increase seedling emergence and yield in the field.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2005

This study was carried out to identify the major characteristics of plug seedling farm's management. Thirty glasshouse farms were surveyed out of 42 farms that adopted plug seedling production technology in Korea. The major objectives of this survey were to determine the technical capability of the glasshouse farmers, and to analyze the significant differences in terms of production performance and management capabilities. The major results of the survey were as follows : 1) The production quantity of plug seedlings of the superior group was 43% higher than the inferior group. 2) The plug seedling loss rate of the superior roup was lower by 4% than the inferior group. 3) The income of superior group was 4.2 million Won per $1,000m^2$, while the income of the inferior group was only 0.45 million Won. 4) The cause of low production of grafted plug seedlings was primarily due to the lack of technical knowledge and skills. 5) The results indicated that the technical knowledge level and production skills of grafting plug seedling should be improved.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 1981

This experiment was carried out to inverstigate the characteristics of growth of ginseng Plant on field conditions as affected by seedling weight. Weight of seedling ranged from 0.4 to 1.8g were divided into seven classes at interval of 0.2g. The heavy seedlings showed superiority in stem length, stem diameter, leaf area, number of palmate leaf and leaflets and root weight in 2-,3-, and 4-age as compared to light ones. The heavy seedlings also showed superiority in the ratio of inflorescence appearance in 2-age and seed product in 4-age as compared to light ones, but there were no significant difference in the ratio of missing-plant and the cracking. of root. The differences of growth in field condition as affected by seedling weight were diminished as the age progressed, and the annual growth rates of root of light seedling were high in older plant.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.125-139
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• 1996

The relationships between environmental factors and the establishment and growth of oak seelings were studied in the greenhouse. The early seedling performances of three oak species (Quercus mongolica, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis) were compared. Mean seed weight was the biggest in Q. variabilis, and the smallest in Q. serrata, and the germination rate was higher in Q. variabilis than in Q. mongolica and Q. serrata. The germination rate was significantly affected by seed weight class in Q. serrata, but not in Q. mongolica. Emergence of oak seedlings was similar in all three oak species, and especially the first leaf emergence increased about twenty days after germination. An experiment was designed using three environmental factors (light, soil moisture, fertilizer) to compare the response of the three oak species. Light and soil moisture significantly affected the seedling height growth of Q. variabilis, but the effect was marginal in Q. mongolica and Q. serrata. However, growth of seedling biomass was significant in all three oak species. In contrast, fertilizer did not affect seedling growth of any of the oak species. Q. variabilis is expected to grow well in large gaps because it is very sensitive and responds well to high light and high moisture conditions. Q. mongolica and Q. serrata are relatively tolerant to shade but may need gaps for the seelings to grow into saplings.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2002

The test of germination has been used as a good indicator to assess the toxicity of chemicals to plant. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of PAHs, anthracene and phenanthrene, on germination ratio, germination index and germination time of barley, tall fescue and alfafa. Anthracene and phenathrene induced to decrease the seedling length and increase the germination time of the experimental plants. But they did not affect the maximum germination ratio. While it was not correlated between seedling length and final germination ratio, it was shown a close relationship between seedling length and mean germination time of the plants. These results suggested that the mean of germination time and seedling growth could be useful to exmine the phyto -toxicological effect of PAHs. The mixture of anthracene and phenanthrene was examined to investigate the combined effect on seedling length; the mixture induced the reduction of seedling. This was meant that the mixture toxicity of PAHs might be not shown in the sum of each chemical toxicity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.284-288
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• 2001

Water deficit is a serious constraint to soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] production in rainfed regions of Asia, Africa, and America. This study was conducted to develop a simple and effective screening method for drought tolerance in soybean. Fifteen soybean cultivars, eight identified to be drought-tolerant and seven drought-sensitive in previous studies, were used for the evaluation of drought tolerance under the new screening conditions. The seedling screening method was consisted of a treatment in a PEG solution and drought treatment in parafilm-layered pots. 5-day-old seedlings were treated in a 18% PEG solution for 4 days and their wilting and hypocotyl browning were recorded. Three seedlings grown in a parafilm-layered pot containing peat moss were drought-stressed by withholding water from the third day after seedling emergence, and root and seedling growth were examined. Degree of drought tolerance were rated based on seedling vigor in the PEG solution and drought-stressed parafilm-layered pots, and also on the penetration ability of roots through parafilm layer. Most of seedlings of the drought-tolerant cultivars showed higher vigour and root penetration than those of the drought-sensitive cultivars under the new screening conditions. Our results indicate that the new method can be used as a simple and effective screening procedure for drought tolerance in soybean breeding programs.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1980

Twin-bud seedlings and four-leaflet seedlings of ginseng were found and transplanted to field and their growth characteristics were investigated. 1. Appearance frequencies of twin-bud and four-leaflet seedlings were 0.3 and 0.4 percent, respectively, in common nursery bed: and were 6.6 and 28.4 percent, respectively, in polystem line. 2. Generally, the growth of twin.bud and four-leaflet seedlings were better than those of common seedlings both in aerial part and in root. Root weights of both type seedlings exceeded the common ones by 66 and 38 percent, respectively. 3. When they became two-year-old plants, leafiet number of common plant was 11.6, and those of twin-bud and four-leaflet-seedling plants were 18.1 and 13.8, respectively. There were no inflorescence in twin-bud-seedling plant, but the ratios of in florescent Plant in four-leaflet.seedling and common plant were 44.0 and 12.5 percent, respectively. 4. In two-year-old plant, root weights of twin-bud and four-leaflet-seedling plants were heavier than those of common ones by 27 and 20 percent, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.196-201
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• 1997

This study was carried out to understand the effect of low temperature treatment and seedling size on growth and bolting in Angeljca gjgas. Bolting rate increased as period of low temperature increased and bolting rate of control was lower than that of low temperature treatment. In low temperature treatment with seedling size, the smaller seedling size, the higher bolting rate. Period from transplanting to bolting was reduced with low temperature treatment extended and large seedling. The plant height, position of bolting leaf and number of developing leaf were decreased with low temperature treatment extended and large seedling, respectively, There was a highly significant negative correlation between bolting rate and number of developed leaves before bolting and number of developed leaves in growth to first bolting but positive correlation in late growth, respectively.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2019

The composition of artificial soil in a containerized seedling production plays an important role in seedling quality as well as environmental issues. We investigated the effects of different types of biomaterials and mixed ratio with artificial soil on the growth of Fraxinus rhynchophylla seedlings. Soil medium was supplemented with 3 levels (0%, 10%, 20%) of pine bark, mushroom sawdust and rice husk. Root collar diameter (RCD), height growth, and biomass have significantly increased when rice husk was applied. Compared with the control, RCD and height growth showed highest in 20% rice husk treatment with an increase of 5.7% and 17.6%, respectively. In contrast, the treatments of pine bark and mushroom sawdust showed lower results in growth parameters (RCD, height growth, and total biomass) than control. Seedling quality index was also highest at the 20% rice husk treatment, but there was not statistically different among treatments. Our results suggested rice husk can be substituted up to 20% of substrates for containerized F. rhynchophylla seedling production system.