• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.541-549
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• 1992

Lodging and rainfalls during ripening periods and ripening patterns were studied by the different maturing varieties and different seeding dates in labour saving-direct seeding cultivation of rice. Period of emergency in earlier seeding plot was longer than later seeding plot and standing seedlings per unit area and rate of standing seedlings were more and high by the later seeding date. Number of panicles per unit area was decreased by the later seeding dates. On the other hand, the rate of effective tillers was lowest at later seeding plot. Days from seeding to flowering were shortened by the later seeding dates due to the increase of daily growth temperature and reduce of day length. There was much rainfalls during ripening period of early maturing varietal group, however not much rainfalls during ripening period of medium and late maturing varietal groups. The degree of lodging at field was severer by the amount of rainfalls during ripening period. Earlier seeding plots and earlier maturing varietal groups. of used varieties were revealed heavier lodging compared to later seeding plots and later maturing varietal groups. Yield and yield related characteristics were high and good by the earlier seeding dates, especially ripening rate was clear.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.569-577
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• 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Cichorium intybus, Brassica juncea, and Lactuca sativa at varying seed ratios, and to suggest an efficient management plan for sustainable indoor agriculture systems. It was treated with mixed sowing as follows: 30 chicory seeds (chicory alone: CC), 22 chicory seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (C₃L₁), 20 chicory seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (C₂L₁), 15 chicory seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (C₁L₁) as intraspecies, and 30 mustard seeds (mustard alone: MC), 22 mustard seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (M₃L₁), 20 mustard seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (M₂L₁), 15 mustard seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (M₁L₁) as interspecies. The study identified the competitive response in seed germination between Cichorium intybus and Lactuca sativa, and in the C₃L₁ experimental group, Lactuca sativa had the highest leaf length, root length, chlorophyll content, and fresh weight. Therefore, the higher the ratio of Cichorium intybus, the higher the growth and productivity of Lactuca sativa; however, higher the ratio of Lactuca sativa, the lower the growth of Cichorium intybus. Furthermore, the nitrogen and potassium content in the substrate was the highest in the C₃L₁ experimental grorp which had the highest seeding rate of the Cichorium intybus. Comparing the groups Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa, the higher the seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa, the higher the growth and productivity of Brassica juncea. Therefore, a companion seeding of Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa is beneficial; this could be effective in having a high seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.144-149
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• 2002

This study was carried out to find out the effects of date and number of defoliation by different seeding date on growth and yield of perilla. Saeyuepsildlkkae was seeded from April 30 to June 30 at 20 days interval and defoliated from June 30 to Aug. 15 with different defoliation number. 1. Days to emergence, flowering, and maturing were not significantly influenced by defoliation, but those were shortened as seeding date was delayed. The interaction between defoliation and seeding date showed no significant difference. 2. Stem length, number of nodes on main stem, and weight of dry stem were not significantly affected by defoliation, but those were decreased as seeding date was delayed. 3. Yield of fresh loaves was not significantly influenced by seeding date up to May 20, but markedly decreased by the later seeding date. 4. Cluster length and number of cluster per plant were not affected by seeding date, but number of capsules per cluster was decreased from 32 to 25 and 1,000 grain weight was increased from 3.42 to 4.62g as seeding date was delayed. 5. Grain yield was not significantly affected by defoliation and seeding date up to June 10, but markedly decreased by seeding date June 30.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.407-415
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• 2009

To investigate the effects of seeding date, nursery days and plug cell size on seedling growth and quality of waxy corn. This study was carried out in the field of the National Institute of Crop Science in 2007. Varieties used were two waxy corn hybrids cvs. Chalok# 1 and Chalok# 4. The plant height, number of leaves and dry weight of waxy corn seedlings were significantly affected by seeding dates and plug cell size, while no differences between varieties. The growth of seedlings was faster in March 14 seeding than in May 8 and July 4 seedings. Based on plant height, March 14 seeding, May 8 seeding and July 3 seeding reached suitable size for transplanting after 30 days (21.6cm), 15 days (25.5~26.9cm) and 10 days (21.6~24.0cm) in the nursery, respectively. Seedlings of March 14 seedling and May 8 and July 3 seeding reached suitable number of leaves i,e. 2~3 leaves, 15~20 days after seeding on March 14 and 10 days after seeding on May 8 and July 3. Dry weights of 30 days seedling for March 14 seeding, 20 days seedling for May 8 seeding and 15 days seedling for July 3 seeding were 0.43g, 0.57~0.67g and 0.53g, respectively, and the dry weight of seedlings increased by 2~3 folds at the later nursery days. The suitable nursery days of waxy corn were 20 days on March 14 seeding and 10~15 days on May 8 or July 3 seeding.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.302-302
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluated the effects of different sowing time(October 22, February 20, March 3, March 13, and March 23) and sowing quantities(150kg/ha, 200kg/ha, 250kg/ha, and 300kg/ha) on growth of naked oat(Avena sativa L.) cultivar(Choyang-Gwiri) at a cultivation area in Iksan, south Korea. Heading times were delayed with later sowing times. In autumn seeding(Oct. 22) the ear was headed at April 30, in spring seeding(Feb. 20, Mar. 3, Mar. 13, and Mar. 23) heading times were respectively May 14, May 14, May 15, and May 19. Heading time of spring seeding was delayed about 3 weeks than autumn seeding. Ripening times were similar trends to the heading times. In autumn seeding ears were ripened at June 7, in spring seeding each times were respectively Jun. 15, Jun. 13, Jun. 20, and Jun. 20. Ripening time of spring seeding was delayed about 2 weeks than autumn seeding. Culm length and ear length were shortened in spring seeding, but number of plants per $m^2$ were increased. Number of grains per a ear were 106 in autumn seeding, but grains per a ear in spring seeding were respectively 88, 83, 83, and 73. Weight of 1,000 grains in spring seeding was heavier than that in autumn seeding, the weights were tend to light as later seeding times. Yield of grains was declined as later seeding times, yield of in autumn seeding was 2,900kg/ha, whereas that in spring seeding was 2,180kg/ha. The highest yield of spring seeding time was in Mar. 13, before this seeding time soil surfaces were severely dried as few rain fall, so germination was poor in those seeding times. As several seeding quantities were seeding, earing and ripening times were not different. but increasing seeding quantity, culm length was lengthened and ear length was shortened, number of plants per $m^2$ were increased and grains per a ear were reduced. Yield of grains were increased more seeding quantities, yield was highest up to 250kg/ha seeding quantity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2020

This study was aimed to establish the most effective approach for the cultivation of Veronica rotunda var. subintegra (Nakai) T.Yamaz. plants, which was expected as new ornamental plants. We conducted an experiment using plug seedlings, varied the seeding container type and seeding rate. We also varied seedling quality, planting container, soil type, and shading ratio. Seedling quality was used seedlings produced from different seeding containers and seeding rates. The seedling quality were seeding growth using 162, 200, and 288 trays, and seedings rate was used seedlings produced by sowing 1, 2, 4 and 6 seeds. As a result, 162 trays of seedlings were suitable for use in this study. Plants grown with one seed per cell in individual cells exhibited increased individual growth, but those grown with four seeds per cell exhibited better growth for the whole plant. According to seedling quality, seedlings produced in the 162 trays or with four seeds per cell showed higher growth than other seedlings. In the cultivation of V. rotunda var. subintegra (Nakai) T.Yamaz., seedling growth increased depending on container capacity for both shoot and root parts. Container material had no significant impact on seedling growth. Seedlings grew the best on horticultural substrate, and showed better growth on mixed soils with high decomposed granite content than on peatmoss.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1990.05a
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• pp.34-35
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• 1990

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.84-88
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• 2011

This study was established to investigate the effects of seeding depth and seeding time on the emergence, growth, and N production of Vicia tetrasperma and V. hirsuta in 2007 and 2008. All seeds of both species were gathered from Dangjin, Chungnam in late June of 2005 and stored for two year at room temperature. Both V. species began to germinate at the end of June, passed the winter with the seedling stage, rapidly increased their height in April and May, were in full bloom in May, and then withered after entering mid-June. V. hirsuta had higher emergence rate and growth compared to those of V. tetrasperma. The optimum seeding time and seeding depth for a cover cropping was from late August to early September and from 1 to 5 cm, respectively. V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta had a satisfactory growth and provided 43.8 and $55.4kg\;ha^{-1}$of N, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.185-189
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• 2000

The object of this study was to determine the optimum seeding dates of "Donganbyeo", "Daesanbyeo", Hoanbyeo", "Nonghobyeo", and "Gwnganbyeo" for direct seeding on dry paddy in Youngnam region. Dry seeds of these varieties were sown 5 times with 10-day intervals from April 20 to May 30. It took 13 to 14 days from sowing to emergence. It was shortened in the delayed seeding date, but the emerged seedlings per unit area was decreased as the seeding date was advanced before May. Heading date was delayed as seeding was delayed. Culm length, panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle was not affected by seeding date, but number of panicle per $m^2$ and ripened grain ratio were high from April 30 to May 10 seeding date. Consequently, the optimum seeding date for high yield of "Donganbyeo", "Daesanbyeo", "Hoanbyeo", "Nonghobyeo", and "Gwanganbyeo" was estimated May 3, May 2, May 10, May 8, and May 1, respectively and "Gwanganbyeo" was estimated May 3, May 2, May 10, May 8, and May 1, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2000

Cassia mimosoides var. nomame was grown at five seeding rates (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) from March 31 to September 21, 1998 at Cheju to determine influence of seeding rate on agronomic characters, and forage yield and quality. Days to flowering increased from 126 to 129 days as seeding rate increased from 10 to 50 kg/ha. The plant height increased from 86 to 99 cm as seeding rate was increased from 10 to 30 kg/hac and then decreased to 93 cm at a rate of 50 kglha. With increasing seeding rate, stem diameter quadratically decreased and the number of branches and green leaves per plant linearly decreased but the number of withering leaves per plant linearly increased. As seeding rate increased &om 10 to 30 kg/ha, fresh forage, dry matter, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yield increased 'from 30.7 to 49.1, 7.5 to 12.2, 0.90 to 1.57 and 4.09 to 7.09 MTha, respectively, and then decreased with further increased seeding rates. Crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen free extract, and TDN wntent increased 12.1 to 14.2% 2.2 to 2.9%, 35.1 to 39.2%, 54.8 to 60.3% respectively, but crude fiber wntent decreased 39.8 .to 33.3% and crude ash declined 4.9 to 3.8% as seeding rate increased from 10 to 50 kgiha. The optimum seeding rate to obtain the highest TDN yield was estimated to be 36kglha. (Key words : Cassia mimosoides var. nomame, Seeding rate, Forage yield, Forage quality)