• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.80-81
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• 1992

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.528-534
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• 2009

The study of germination and seedling growth characteristics of Neem under different soil and environment conditions was undertaken. The seed germination started 8 days after sowing in commercial bed soil, whereas, delayed germination was observed in sandy-loam (15 days) and sandy (19 days) soil. The highest germination (73.33%) was observed in commercial bed soil in green house, whereas, the lowest germination was observed in sandy soil (16.67%) and sandy-loam soil (8.33%). The seeds in the open field (sandy soil) also showed poor (10%) germination. The mean number of germination seed/day (GD) and seed germination vigor rate (GV) both were highest in the commercial bed soil with 0.733% and 16.67% respectively in the green house, whereas sandy and sandy-loam soil in green house and open field (sandy soil) all showed much lower GD and GV values. The seedling characteristics of nursery revealed that the seedling grown in the growth chamber in commercial bed soil was significantly higher in all the parameters comparing to others grown in green house and open field. The growth was nearly 7 fold in the chamber compared to that of the green house nursery observed in three months old seedlings. Likewise, HPLC analysis revealed that the green house grown seedling contain higher quantity of pigments compare to the chamber grown seedlings. Among the soils used the commercial soil alone or in combination with sandy and sandy-loam soil in the ratio of 2:1:1 respectively with the temperature of $27{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ showed better for Neem nursery preparation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.163-172
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• 2014

To investigate the possibility of developing the seeding measure for river bank slope revegetation, germination experiment and early growth observation were conducted using 3 native species growing naturally around river banks such as Pennisetum alopecuroides, Phragmites communis, and Miscanthus sinensis. The applied seeding methods were 3 such as scattering seeds, tillage after scattering seeds, and covering up seed with soil after scattering seeds. According to seeding methods, germination experiment and early growth observation were carried out on nursery bed soil in greenhouse. As results of this study, all the 3 native plant species' germination ratio and growth in length on nursery bed soil were highest on the seeding method of covering up seed with soil. Also it was verified by Duncan's multiple range test that the germination ratio and growth in length on the seeding method of covering up seed with soil is distinguished from those on other two seeding methods. According to this results, the best possible seeding measure to be developed should be mechanical seed spraying with soil.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2007

Using fractal dimensionality theory proposed by Riew and Sposito (1991), we attempted to analyze quantitatively the characteristics of porous distribution for built-in soils in the mini-lysimeter and artificial seed-bed media. The 2" stainless core soil samples were taken from lysimeter soils. Artificial seed-bed media were compacted in the acrylic core filled with raw materials consisted of cocopeat, zeolite and perlite. N (Constant number of partitioned group size smaller media volumes) and r (Self-similarity ratio) parameters consisting of fractal dimension D=log(N)/log(1/r) were obtained by Excel Programme using the Riew and Sposito's fractal model. The pore distribution of tested media was screened in pore size and its occurring frequency. The results reveal that the distribution range of pores is wider in the lysimeter soils than in the seed-bed media, while average size of pores in the media is smaller in lysimeter core soils than in seed-bed media.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 2001

Seed coat of sword bean (Canavalia gladiata) is very thick and hard, it is difficult to absorb water during germination and it requires much time that cotyledon come out from seed coat since seminal root appearanced. Therefore this experiment was carried out to increase the germination rate by easing water absorption through mechanical scarification on seed coat. Non-scarification seed did not germinated at 7 days after treatment but scarification seed showed germination rate of 98%. Therefore mechanical scarification of seed coat was increased germination rate. Non-scarification seed absorbed less than 10% water of dry weight at 8 hours after treatment but scarification seed absorbed about 90% water at 7 hours after treatment and more than 150% water at 8 hours and swelled about 1.4-1.5 times in length and width of seed. Germination rate of scarification seed was high under high temperature and it was 96% and 93% at $25^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The rate of cotyledon emergence on clay loam soil was the highest among bed soils. Soaked seed after mechanical scarification in distilled water was germinated faster than non-soaked seed on early in bed soil. The rate of cotyledon emergence was more than 92% at 9 days after sowing but non-scarification and soaked seed was germinated late and showed very low germination rate as 67%.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.13-22
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• 1970

The rice variety, Kwanok, was reared in the water, land and salt seed beds and transplanted to the reclaimed soil area having an average of 0.48% salt content (0.67% at the end of April). The plant height of land bel seedlings at transplanting stage was short but the dry-weight/plant-height ratio was large and the rooting ability was vigorous remarkably after transplantation in the salty area. The central cylinder, vessels, sclerenchyma, endodermis and other mechanical tissues of the root of land bed seedlings were well developed while the size of cortical cell layers were small. The cytoplasm of the cortical parenchyma at the root tips seemed to be most abundant in the land bed seedlings. The formation of the aerial cavity in the cortex of primary root was rapid and it seemed that the developmental mechanism of the aerial cavity in the rice plant roots was related to the development of the lateral roots.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.122-123
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• 2001

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.27-31
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• 1977

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of seed bed soils and soil pH on the rice growth and control of seedling rots. A 2:1 ratio mixture of clay loam and compost resulted in the best seedling growth and quality among the soils used. At soil pH between 4 and 5. no seedling rots occurred and plant growth was normal. At soil pH above 6, seedling rots occurred and characteristics of seedings was poor. Tachiga ren application before seeding or immediately after seeding reduced seedling rots significantly at the high soil pH.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.405-410
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• 1996

To elucidate the pattern of nutrient absorption and endosperm consumption as the seedling age of rice, Dongjinbyeo was raised in the seedling box with different nitrogen levels. Absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus were high in the order of artificial seed bed soil, sand with N-1g /box and sand without N from 3 and 5 days after seeding but, potassium wasn't significantly different between sand＋N-1g /box and sand. Endosperm consumption rate was high in the order of artificial seed bed soil, sand ＋ N-1g /box and sand but, endosperm dependence rate (endosperm consumption /top dry weight) was vice versa. Seedling height and dry weight were higher in the order of artificial seed bed soil, sand+N-1g /box and sand from 3 days after seeding, number of leaves were more from 5 days after seeding in same order.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

In this study, basic data with respect to the introduction of Hipphophae rhamnoides L. and its cultivation in Korea could be obtained. According to the size of the plug cell tray, Chinese origin's rate of seed germination was relatively high in 128 plug cell tray, and growth was vibrant in 50 plug cell tray. The germination and growth of Russian origin seeds showed that they were relatively effective in 50 plug cell tray and with respect to soil environment, TKS-2 soil with untreated shading relatively promoted both germination and growth for Chinese origin, the rate of germination was high in bed soil for horticulture and growth result was good in TKS-2 in the case of Russian origin. It was confirmed that the germination rate of Chinese origin H. rahmnoides L. was highest in untreated shading and the shoot growth was vibrant in 70% shading while the growth in roots was vibrant in the untreated shading. In the Russian origin, H. rhamnoides L. the germination rate in 30% and 70% shading was about 50% which was higher than that in the untreated shading and general growth was vibrant in 30% shading.