• 제목/요약/키워드: Seed treatments

검색결과 597건 처리시간 0.026초

봄파종을 위한 인삼 종자 저장 적정 온도 연구 (Optimum Storage Temperature for Spring Sowing of Panax ginseng Seeds)

  • 서수정;장인배;장인복;문지원;유진
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제27권6호
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    • pp.390-396
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    • 2019
  • Background: Usually ginseng seeds are sown during autumn and spring. Sowing in spring often results in poorer seedling establishment than in autumn. One of the reasons for poor germination could be cold-treatment condition for breakage of physiological dormancy during winter. Here we tested the effects of storage temperature used during cold treatment on germination. Methods and Results: Germination properties were observed after dehiscent seeds were stored as wet and dry at 2℃, -2℃, -3.5℃ and alternating temperature (AT). Seed dryness and storage temperature affected germination properties (p < 0.01). Wet and AT condition germinated highest, and wet and -3.5℃ condition germinated lowest, which was 91.2% and 1.4% respectively. Mean germination time (MGT) of the wet and AT condition was faster than other treatments at 2.4 days, and the dry and -2℃ condition was the longest. Germination performance index (GPI) was highest for wet and AT condition (37.7%) and the lowest for wet and -3.5℃ condition (0.5%). The growth of above-ground and below-ground were the best for wet and 2℃ condition, and wet seeds showed better growth than dry seeds (p < 0.01). Conclusions: For cold treatment, ginseng seeds may not be stored below -2℃ for successful germination during spring sowing.

보리의 토양 Sr-90 흡수 및 토양 - 작물체 전이계수 (Sr-90 Uptake by the Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. emend. Lamark) and Soil-to-Plant Transfer Coefficient)

  • 최용호;정규회;천기정;김삼랑;이정호
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 1991
  • Sr-90과 소석회를 처리한 pH 6.05의 양질사토로부터 보리에 의한 Sr-90 흡수 실험을 온실내에서 포트 재배로 실시하였다. 수확기에 보리 지 상부로의 Sr-90 흡수율은 늘쌀보리가 평균 0.41%, 올보리가 평균 0.23%였고 전이계수도 전자가 후자보다 부위에 따라 30-60% 정도 높았다. 흡수율과 전이 계수는 전체 적으로 볼 때 Sr-90 처 리 농도간에 유의 차가 인정 되지 않았다. 10a당 약 94kg에 해당하는 소석회 처리는 Sr-90 흡수를 억제하고 전이계수를 감소시키는데 효과적이지 못한 수준이었다. 보리의 부위별 Sr-90 전이 계수는 건조 중 기준으로 줄기 1.51, 및 4.45, 종실 0.35, 전지상부 1.30으로 제안될 수 있었다. Sr-90 흡수에 따른 작물체의 생육장해나 수량감소는 없었다.

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담금방법을 달리한 부추김치의 색과 조직특성 (Color and Texture Properties of Puchukimchi Kimchi Prepared with Different Methods)

  • 박문옥;김나영;장명숙
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.321-327
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    • 2000
  • 본 연구는 부추김치의 담금방법에 따른 부재료가 발효숙성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 소금을 첨가한 처리구 A, 간장을 첨가한 처리구 B, 간장과 들깨가루를 첨가한 처리구 C, 멸치액젓을 첨가한 처리구 D, 멸치액젓과 찹쌀풀을 첨가한 거리구 E로 담금 즉시 1$0^{\circ}C$에서 43일간 발효시키면서 색과 조직특성을 알아본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 클로로필 및 카로티노이드의 잔존율은 발효숙성이 진행됨에 따라 감소하였다. 발효숙성이 진행됨에 따라 Hunter's color value에서 녹색도를 나타내는“a”값이 감소하였다. 특히 멸치액젓과 찹쌀풀을 첨가한 처리구 E의 녹색이 가장 감소하였다. 2. 수용성 펙틴과 고형분 함량은 전반적으로 발효숙성이 진행됨에 따라 점차로 증가하였는데. 대체로 처리구 B>C>D>E>A의 순이었다. 3. TDF 함량은 발효숙성 초기와 큰 차이가 없다가 발효숙성이 진행됨에 따라 서서히 감소하였다. TDF 함량에서는 큰 차이가 없었으나, SDF와 IDF의 조성에는 변화가 있었는데, 발효숙성 8일째에는 SDF 함량이 전반적으로 5배에서 7배로 증가하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 본 실험의 조건하에서 발효숙성은 처리구 B>C>E>D>A의 순으로 빨리 진행되어 간장은 부추김치의 발효숙성을 빠르게 하였으며, 들깨가루 첨가는 발효숙성 말기에 오히려 발효숙성을 촉진하였고, 멸치액젓과 찹쌀풀 첨가는 부추김치의 변색을 가장 빨리 유발하였다는 결과로 보아 담금방법에 따라 부추김치의 발효숙성 양상에 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 부추김치 담그는 목적에 따라 부재료를 선택하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.

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Effect of Gelatinase and Chitinase Producing Microorganism on the Growth of Soybean and Control of Stink Bug in Field

  • Lee, Yong-Seong;Jeon, Hyeon-Deok;Kim, Yun-Tae;Monkhung, Sararat;Kim, Kil-Yong
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제50권2호
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    • pp.71-80
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to investigate the application effect of Lysobacter antibioticus HS124 (gelatinase and chitinase producing microorganism; GCM) for the improvement of soybean yield and control of stink bug. Our results showed that the yield of GCM-treated soybean increased by 17.0, 20.3, 19.0, and 25.6% in the experimental field sites of Muan-gun, Sunchang-gun, Gwangju 1, and Gwangju 2, respectively, compared to the yield of the soybean obtained by conventional practice treatment (CPT); however in the Gimjae-si, the yield decreased by 10.6%. Results in both pods and seeds $plant^{-1}$ were significantly increased in Gwangju 2 by the GCM cultured broth treatment (GCMT). Ratio of 3 seeds $pod^{-1}$ in Sunchang-gun was statistically significant between GCMT and CPT, however, the result in the other field showed no significance. Germination rate was only statistically improved by GCMT in Gwangju 2 field site. GCMT reduced the appearance of stink bug in all experimental field sites except in Gimjae-si. The soybean seed damage by stink bug was no significance in all of treatments. Therefore, GCMT could improve the productivity of soybean and also control the infestation of stink bug.

비정질 Alumino-Silicate로부터 수열반응에 의한 Kaolinite질 인공점토의 합성에 관한 연구 (Synthesis of Kaolinitic Clay Mineral from Amorphous Alumino-Silicate by Hydrothermal Process)

  • 김남일;박계혁;정창주
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제31권9호
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    • pp.1076-1086
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    • 1994
  • This study covers synthetic effect of the various hydrothermal treatments on formation of artificially made kaolinite mineral. The hydrothermal treatment includes the temperature treatment with time duration, addition of seeds, particle size of the starting material used, pH variation and the different types of organic acids. A colloidal silica and alumina sol which are commercially available are used for this study. A colloidal silica and alumina sol are mixed by the atomic ratio of Al/Si = 1, based on the theoretical kaolinite composition and calcined at $600^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours duration. It was found that the kaolinitic clay mineral was well developed; thereby, the different patterns of crystalline mineral are appeared. Spherical type as a crystal form was distinctively formed at the temperature of 20$0^{\circ}C$ to 25$0^{\circ}C$ with short duration time, while platy type as a crystal was highly yielded at 300~35$0^{\circ}C$. Moreover, by adding more than 20 wt% of seed as the natural kaolinitic clay to the starting material is widely distributed and developed when 2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ or less particle size of the starting material is used; also, when they are heat-treated at the temperature of 25$0^{\circ}C$ with 5 hours duration. With respect of the effect of pH variation on formation of the synthetic kaolinite minerals, the crystalline minerals are highly yielded at less than pH 2 and gradually diminished at more than pH9. Regarding to the effect of different acids on development of the kaolinite mineral, the organic acids with high chelating capacity produces good formation of crystalline minerals; whereas, amine radical-(NH2) is not an effective agent to generate the crystalline minerals.

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Vitamin E의 기능규명을 위한 영양생화학적 및 병리학적 연구 - 들깨기름 식이를 섭취한 병아리의 헐청과 간의 Vitamin E 수준 및 간세포의 전자현미경 조사를 중심으로 - (A Nutritional and Pathobiological Inquiry into the Functional Role of Vitamin E -A Study on Levels of Vitamin E in Serum and Liver of the Chick fed Perilla oil diet and Electron Microscopic Examination of the Chick Hepatocyte-)

  • 이양자;조혜영;김정숙;한성수
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.277-289
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    • 1982
  • Because of a high degree of unsaturation of perilla seed oil vitamin E deficiency can be produced in chicks by using this particular oil diet. It is therefore convenient to use this oil for elucidating more detailed function (s) of vitamin E. The present study was undertaken to investigate the nutritional and pathological aspects both of high PUFA and of low vitamin E in the diet eventually to elucidate the function(s) of vitamin E. The present study examines the relationships between PUFA, vitamin E and Se in the experimental diets by measuring vitamin E levels both in serum and in liver and activities of SGPT and SGOT and by examining electron micrographs of the chick hepatocytes. Vitamin E concentrations in serum and liver responded to dietary treatments. Serum levels of vitamin E were more affected than those in liver, the values of groups IV(15% fat,- Vit.E) and V(15% fat,-Vit E,-Se) were significantly lower than those of groups I (5% fat) and 111 (15% fat) with P/S ratio of 1. The activities of SGOT and SGPT were found not to be different significantly among different diet groups. Electron microscopic observations of the chick hepatocyte revealed degeneration of mitochondria and appearance of vesicles in the cytoplasm of groups fed diets high in PUFA and deficient in vitamin E alone or deficient in both vitamin E and Se. In the same group pyknotic nuclei and deterioration of the sinusoidal border, showing diminution in microvilli were also observed. More detailed studies concerning biochemical aspects should be carried out by using radioisotopes both in the in vitro and in vivo systems and morphological study should have a focus on the changes in nucleus which seems already suggestive in the present observation.

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A Study on the Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Values of Wild Korean Lespedeza (Lespedeza stipulacea Maxim.)

  • Lee, Hyung Suk;Lee, In-Duk
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.396-400
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    • 2002
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the dry matter (DM) yield, quality and utilization of nutrients in Korean lespedeza (Lespedeza stipulacea Maxim.) swards as a roughage source. DM yield in various stages, chemical composition, and DM digestibility were observed, and DM intake, digestibility and utilization of nitrogen and energy by Korean native goat were determined. Experimental diets include three treatments: mixture hay (MH) 100%, MH (80%)+wild Korean lespedeza hay (LH) 20% and MH (60%)+LH (40%). As growth stage advanced, the DM yield of Korean lespedeza tended to increase significantly (p<0.05). The mean DM yield of all growing stages was observed as 7,336 kg/ha. Crude protein (CP) content of Korean lespedeza tended to decrease, but fibrous contents tended to increase when the growth stage advanced. The tannin content of Korean lespedeza was the highest at the bud stage (64.7 mg/g). However, it showed a tendency to decrease as the growth stage advanced, and thus it was the lowest at the ripe seed stage (26.8 mg/g) (p<0.05). With increasing level of LH, voluntary DM intake by Korean native goats slightly increased, but no differences were observed between diets. The digestibility of DM, cellular constituents and NDF was slightly higher in LH containing diets than that of MH 100% diet (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in apparently digested N% among all diets, but retained N% and retained N% of the absorbed were higher in MH (60%)+LH (40%) than those of other diets (p<0.05). A difference in the utilization of energy was not detected. In conclusion, Juvenile LH improved the digestibility of nutrients, presumably due to its high CP content and low fibrous compound. Especially, tannin in LH did not affect in DM intake, but increased the nitrogen utilization of Korean native goats. Accordingly, it could be suggested that Korean lespedeza has a potential to be provided as a roughage source for Korean native goats.

Preservation of Acid Treated Bivoltine Eggs in Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

  • Rajanna, K. L.;Raju, P.Jayarama;Prabhakar, C.J.;Kamble, C.K.
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.165-168
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    • 2008
  • The hybrid ($CSR2{\times}CSR4$) eggs treated with acid were taken up for the study with an objective to develop long-term preservation schedule. The hybrid eggs obtained with two mating duration (3 h and 6 h) and oviposition period (6 h and 24 h) with two age groups of eggs (24 h and 36 h) were treated with Hydrochloric acid. These eggs were subjected to preservation at $5^{\circ}C$ in single step refrigeration and at $5^{\circ}C$ and $2.5^{\circ}C$ under double step refrigeration from $10{\sim}120$ days. These eggs were released from the cold storage as per the specified durations and incubated at standard conditions and allowed 2 h for hatching at 450 lux light. Hatchability was found to be significantly higher or on par with the control in three treatments (T1, T2 and T4) where the eggs are preserved continuously at $5^{\circ}C$ up to 30 days. However under double step refrigeration, hatching was not significantly affected in 20+60 day's combination of T1 treatment up to 80 days. Bioassay studies of the promising treatment i.e.. T1 with (20+60) days indicated that early stage loss and cocoon yield was found to be on par with the control. Hence this treatment was recommended for preservation of acid treated new bivoltine hybrid layings. Details of the hatchability and rearing performance of long term preservation of acid treated eggs are discussed.

식물생장조절제 처리가 인삼의 장과 및 종자 형성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Plant Growth Regulator Treatment on Ginseng berry and seed development in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer)

  • 조서리;김정선;이누리;최재을
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.315-319
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to select plant growth regulators effective at ginseng berry set inhibition to help root growth in Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). PGRs (ethephon, gibberellic acid, maleic hydrazide, coumarin) were applied to field grown 5-year-old Korean ginseng between one and two times, before and during bloom in 2009, 2010. The number of treatment was more effective in ginseng berry set inhibition when used two times compared with one time in GA 1,000 ppm, MH (5,000, 10,000 ppm), coumarin (5,000, 10,000 ppm) treatment. According to treatment period of plant growth regulator, ginseng berry set inhibition rate from 20days before flowering date to 5days after blooming was the highest in MH 5000 ppm showing 99.9% and the lowest in GA 100 ppm showing 32.8%. The spray treatments of Ethephon (50, 150 ppm) and MH (5,000, 10,000 ppm) from 20 days before the flowering bloom up to 5 days before, and coumarin (5,000, 10,000 ppm) from 20 days to 6 days and before blooming that induced the inhibitory effect more than 90% after 12 weeks. Considering ginseng berry set inhibition characteristics and treatment period ethephon and coumarin was important about applied period but, MH treatment appeared to effective ginseng berry set inhibition regardless of treatment period.

Comparing the composting characteristics of food waste supplemented with various bulking agents

  • Lee, Jae-Han;Yeom, Kyung-Rai;Yang, Jun-Woo;Choi, You-Jin;Hwang, Hyun-Chul;Jeon, Young-Ji;Lee, Chang-Hoon;Choi, Bong-Su;Oh, Taek-Keun;Park, Seong-Jin
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.897-905
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    • 2019
  • To compare the composting characteristics of food waste supplemented with various bulking agents, aerated composting was performed by mixing sawdust, ginkgo leaves, insect feces, and mushroom waste at ratios of 6 : 4 (w/w). The initial temperatures (day after treatment [DAT] 3) of the sawdust, ginkgo leaves, insect feces and the mushroom waste mixtures were 39, 58, 65, and 51℃, respectively. The DAT 3 temperature was the highest in the food waste-insect feces mixture (65℃) and the lowest in the sawdust one (39℃). However, the insect feces treatment was terminated at DAT 21 because of a high water content (70.92%). The water content (DAT 56) of the composted food waste supplemented with sawdust, mushroom waste, and ginkgo leaves stood at 51.28, 39.81, and 44.92%, respectively. Therefore, the fully mature composts satisfied the water content requirement of less than 55% as recommended in the fertilizer standards of the RDA of Korea. The results of the CoMMe-101, Solvita and seed germination index methods indicate that the mushroom waste and ginkgo leaves treatments matured relatively quicker than that of the sawdust one. Based on the above observations, it is concluded that the mushroom waste and ginkgo leaves are more effective bulking agents compared to sawdust and as such, are recommended as suitable replacements for sawdust in food waste composting.