• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.50-51
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• 1995

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.154-159
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of plant age on germination and distribution of seed specific gravity and to find a reason of low germination rate in seeds harvested from young plants, which could be valuable information for the improvement of seed germination in Bupleurum falcatum L. The germination rates of Korean native cultivar were 35% and 4% higher in 1-year-and 2-year-old plants, respectively, than Misshimasaiko (三鳥柴胡) and showed no significant difference between 1- and 2-year-old plants. However, in Misshimasaiko, seed germination rates of 1-year-old plants were $22.7{\sim}23.0%$ lower than those of $2{\sim}3-year-old$ plants. The relative frequency of seeds over 1.00 specific gravity in Misshimasaiko was $33{\sim}34%$ higher in $2{\sim}3-year-old$ plants compared to 52% of 1-year-old plant, but no difference was found between plant ages in Korean native cultivar. Considering varietal difference, the germination rate of seeds with the same specific gravity was not affected by plant age in Korean native cultivar, but in Misshimasaiko it was greatly different between 1-year-old $(5.0{\sim}17.5%)$ and $2{\sim}3-year-old$ plants $(22.5{\sim}55.0)%$. From these results, it was assumed that differences in germination rate among seeds from different plant ages were caused not only by seed specific gravity but also by some other factors.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.196-200
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• 2002

Lower field germination was observed in lipoxygenase- lacking soybean genotypes. This study was performed to understand seed-related traits after accelerated aging in response to planting date of soybeans. Two soybean cultivars, Jinpumkong (null lipoxygenase-2,3) and Jinpumkong 2 (lacking lipoxygenase-1, 2, 3) were evaluated for germination, and were compared with the cultivar, Taekwangkong containing lipoxygenase-1,2,3 isozymes. Greater seed coat cracking was shown in Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 than Taekwangkong. Regardless of soybean genotypes, earlier planting resulted in greater seed coat cracking. After accelerated aging, seed fracturability and hardness of Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 were lower than those of Taekwangkong. There was significant difference in germination percentage among soybean genotypes in response to planting date. Seeds obtained from late planting showed better germination ability. Accelerated aging resulted in lower germination percentages of Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 than that of Taekwangkong, and showed higher electric conductivity in Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 than Taekwangkong. After accelerated aging at 4$0^{\circ}C$ for thirty five days, germination percentages of Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 were lower than that of Taekwangkong. Electric conductivity was increased continually as accelerated aging time became longer, and Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 showed higher electric conductivity than Taekwangkong. Even though there were significant genotype differences in seed traits, further studies are needed to determine whether seed lipoxygenase ability is associated with germination ability.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.147-151
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• 1998

The conductivity test is a measure of electrolytes leakage from plant tissue. The shorter the maturation period after heading was the greater electrical conductivity (EC) of rice seed. The polymer-coated seed was not different in EC compared with non-coated seed. As soaking time of rice seed increased, EC increased gradually. The EC varied from 9.9 to 20.7$\mu$S $cm^{-1}g^{-l}$ for control plots and from 21.3 to 41.7$\mu$S $cm^{-1}g^{-l}$ for heat-killed seeds which were produced by autoclaving seeds at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 20 minutes. The germination speed (the rate of 5th day) of rice seed was 94% at control plot, 83% at low temperature and 20% at high temperature. Besides, germination percentage was 95% for the control, 92% for the low temperature treatment and 39% for the high temperature treatment. The EC was negatively correlated (r=-0.771$^{**}$) with germination percentage at low temperature. Water uptake in seeds of 30, 40, 50 days after heading (DAH) was greater than that of 20 DAH. Plant height of seedlings was 9.84 cm for the control but 4.32 cm for the high temperature treatment, and the tallest for polymer-coated seed. Dry weight of seedlings was 0.841 g for the control and 0.287 g at high temperature. Besides, the polymer-coated seed was heavier than non-coated seed. The number of roots was largest from 40 to 50 DAH and polymer-coated seed, but was decreased from 20 to 30 DAH. The length of roots was 20.52 cm at control plot and 19.89 cm polymer-coated seed but 8.68 cm for the low temperature treatment and 7.28 cm for the high temperature treatment.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.295-300
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the germination rate according to temperature, pelleting materials, pelleted size, seed storage periods under light and dark conditions in Rehmannia glutinosa. The highest germination rate was obtained from $25^{\circ}C$ in both light and dark condition. Two-year old seeds showed higher germination rate compared to one-year old seed. Talc material showed the highest germination rate among the pelleting materials by 82.5%. Among the different pelleting sizes, the highest germination rate was shown in 2.0 mm, and especially Talc pelleting showed 100% germination rate on 17days after seeding. In case of combination of pelleting materials, both of talc + vermiculite, zeolite + vermiculite showed lower germination rate than the control and 0.7 mm pelleted seed showed the highest germination rate.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.370-378
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• 2015

Background : Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus, functional wild vegetable, is perennial herb and young leaves with soft texture are generally used as edible food. So the demand for the vegetable has increased recently. This study was carried out to determine the effects of temperature and shading on germination characteristics of A. dioicus. Methods and Results : The experiment was performed by temperature and shading treatments. Seed pre-treatment before the germination experiment was carried out by the storage in low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) under wet condition (LTW) for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days and shading treatment were 35%, 50%, and 75% under control, BA (6-benzyladenine) and $GA_3$ (gibberellic acid) condition for 24 hours. Increasing the length of the storage periods led to increases seed germination percent in low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) under wet condition (LTW), germination rate of A. dioicus seed was the highest at $15^{\circ}C$ with 60 days of seed pre-treatment. In the case of seeds pre-treatment with LTW, the more temperature went up, the more days to 50% of Germination of Final Germination Rate ($T_{50}$) went down. As a result of surveying shading treatment, germination rate was the highest in control of 35% shading and the next higher was in control of 50% shading. Conclusions : It is concluded that the temperature and shading are important factors to produce A. dioicus. Also, We suggest these results as basic data of A. dioicus for sexual propagation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2015

This study was conducted to obtain the basic data related to seed characteristics and germination conditions of the Coriandrum sativum L. at different storage condition and temperature. The shape of fruit was oval with light brown color. Fruit was mericarp, biloculate, with one ovule in each locus. The length and width of seed were $1.37{\pm}0.067mm$ and $0.52{\pm}0.039mm$, respectively. Weight of 1,000 seeds was $6.55{\pm}0.15g$. Seeds which were stored at room ($15^{\circ}C$) and cold temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) in vinyl container showed the highest germination rate (93.3%) under the room temperature germination condition. Percentage of germination in cold and freeze temperature was 20% and 0%, respectively. Germination rate of room storage seeds with paper container increased to about 91.3%, however, decreased in cold ($4^{\circ}C$) and freeze storage ($-20^{\circ}C$) with paper container (76.7% and 78.0%, respectively). Germination rate of seed in vinyl stock container was better than that of paper stock container. Germination rate of seeds stored at room temperature for 4 years (2010 - 2013) ranged from 80.0% to 91.3%. Therefore, coriander seeds are expected to be stored at room temperature for increasing the germination rate and keeping a long term.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.199-204
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• 2008

Seed dormancy behavior of weed seeds is a critical determinant of their survival rates in a given cropping system as it helps the weeds to evade herbicides and other weeding practices. We investigated the effects of red light, alternating temperature, stratification duration and different doses of nitrogen containing compounds alone or in combination with red light on breaking seed dormancy of Chenopodium album L. The application of red light(80 ${\mu}mols^{-1}m^{-2}$) significantly increased seed germination of C. album in all treatments. Germination rates of 12 h incubated seeds were highest under 20 min of red light irradiation than 1 min, 5 min and 10 min treated seeds. Germination rate was significantly higher at alternating temperatures of $25^{\circ}C\;and\;5^{\circ}C$ for 12 h each with an irradiation of red light(80 ${\mu}mols^{-1}m^{-2}$) for 10 min than other treatments. Stratification period of 15 days significantly stimulated germination percentage of seeds incubated in dark, although 5 days of stratification along with red light application for 10 minutes exhibit similar effects on seeds. Seed germination was also enhanced by nitrogen containing compounds like $NaNO_2,\;KNO_3,\;NH_4Cl\;and\;NH_4NO_3$. We observed that seed germination increased significantly with 25 mM $KNO_3$ and 10 mM $NH_4NO_3$ in dark condition, while $NaNO_2$ and $NH_4Cl$ enhanced seed germination under red light irradiation. It was concluded that red light alone or synergized with alternating temperatures, stratification and nitrogen compounds, especially nitrite and ammonium enhanced seed germination of C. album. Thus, the red light can play a vital role in present and future weed management strategies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.3
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• pp.418-427
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• 2022

Our aim was to evaluate the quality of pine seeds after long-term storage and to analyze the correlation between germination and physiological characteristics. Therefore, we investigated the germination and physiological characteristics of seeds stored for different periods and storage temperatures. Pine seeds lost little viability and vigor after 12 years of storage at 4℃; it is even possible to prolong the storage period at -18℃. The deterioration process operating through long-term storage was characterized by a loss of seed vigor before a loss in seed viability. Electrical conductivity of the seed leachate was significantly higher in seeds that completely lost their viability, and was also found to be significantly correlated with the germination percentage, T50, mean germination time, and germination speed. Among the minerals leaked to the leachate, K had the highest concentration, followed by Na, Ca, Cu, Mg, and Fe, while Mn and Zn were not detected. Concentrations of K, Ca, Cu, Mg, and Fe in the leachate differed significantly by treatment, and in the cases of K, Ca, Cu, Na, and Mg, we observed large differences in the leachate between the seeds that were collected in 2003 and those collected in other years.. Germination percentage was significantly negatively correlated to the concentrations of Ca, Cu, K, Mg, and Na. The coefficient of uniformity of germination was significantly negatively correlated to Cu concentration. The other germination characteristics were not significantly correlated with the mineral concentration. Therefore, the mineral concentrations of pine seed leachate were not reliable indicators of seed deterioration when the differences in quality between seed lots were small. However, electrical conductivity could be an indicator of seed viability and vigor of pine seeds under long-term storage.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.202-207
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• 2002

To establish the seed treatment method of the gamma radiation for germination enhancement of bottle gourd(Lagenaria siceraria Standl.) and pumpkin(Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche), seeds were irradiated with the dose of 1$\sim$20 Gy of the gamma radiation. The germination rate in irradiated group was higher than that of the control, depending on seed condition. In the case of bottle gourd, the germination rate of 70$\sim$80% germinative seed was increased at 4$\sim$20 Gy irradiated groups. Especially, it was the highest at 4 Gy irradiated group. The germination rate of 80$\sim$90% germinative seed was the highest at 4 Gy irradiated group. The germination rate of 70$\sim$80% and 80$\sim$90% germinative seed at 4 days after sowing was increased 66% and 26% at 4 Gy irradiated group, respectively. In the case of pumpkin, the germination rate of 70$\sim$80% and 80$\sim$90% germinative seed was increased at 2 Gy and 8 Gy irradiated group, respectively. Effect of the low-dose gamma radiation on the early growth was enhanced depending on their germination enhancement. Especially, it was the highest at 2 Gy irradiated group of 70$\sim$80% germinative seed of pumpkin. Catalase activity of bottle gourd was increased at 4 Gy irradiated group. Catalase and peroxidase activity of pumpkin were increased at 2 Gy and 8 Gy irradiated group. These results suggest that the germination, early growth and physiological activity of bottle gourd and pumpkin seeds could be promoted by the low dose gamma radiation.