• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2000

배양 중인 담배의 약과 캘러스, 그리고 종자에 중이온 ($^{14}$ N 또는 $^{20}$ Ne) beam을 조사하여 중이온 beam 조사가 약의 반응, 캘러스의 생장, 종자의 발아와 초기 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 중이온 beam을 조사하기 전 10일간 preculture한 다음 beam을 조사한 약은 $^{14}$ N, $^{20}$ Ne 모두 20Gy 이상의 선량에서 캘러스 또는 신초유도가 없이 고사하였다. 배양 중인 캘러스는 $^{14}$ N 와 $^{20}$ Ne 이온 beam의 조사로 상대생장율이 감소하였고, 중이온 beam 조사 2주 후부터는 50 Gy 이상 선량 처리구에서 심하게 갈변하였다. 종자에 미치는 중이온 beam 조사의 영향으로 수분을 처리한 후 또는 수분 처리 없이 beam을 조사한 종자 모두에서 선종에 관계없이 선량이 증가함에 따라 발아를 지연시키며 유묘의 초기 생장을 억제하였다. 또한 수분을 흡수시킨 후 중이온 beam을 조사한 경우가 수분을 흡수시키지 않고 beam을 조사한 경우 보다 종자의 발아를 심하게 억제시켰다. 건조 상태의 종자에 중이온 beam을 조사한 경우 피조사체들의 특성과 생장의 초기단계에서 형태적 변이체를 검토하는데는 여과지를 이용한 방법보다 기내에서 배양하는 방법이 보다 효과적이었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2007

Field performance and morphological characterization was conducted on seven transgenic lines of Codonopsis lanceolata expressing ${\gamma}-TMT$ gene. The shoots were obtained from leaf explants after co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tume-faciens strain LBA 4404 harboring a binary vector pYBI 121 that carried genes encoding ${\gamma}-Tocopherol$ methyltransferase gene (${\gamma}-TMT$) and a neomycin phosphotransferase II gene (npt II) for kanamycin resistance. The transgenic plants were transferred to a green house for acclimation. Integration of T-DNA into the $T_0\;and\;T_1$ generation of transgenic Codonopsis lanceolata genome was confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction and southern blot analysis. The progenies of transgenic plants showed phenotypic differences within the different lines and with relative to control plants. When grown in field, the transgenic plants in general exhibited increased fertility, significant improvement in the shoot weight, root weight, shoot height and rachis length with relation to the control plants. However, all seven independently derived transgenic lines produced normal flower with respect to its shape, size, color and seeds number at its maturity. Indicating that the addition of a selectable marker gene in the plant genome does not effect on seed germination and agronomic performance of transgenic Codonopsis lanceolata. $T_1$ progenies of these plants were obtained and evaluated together with control plant in a field experiment. Overall, the agronomic performance of $T_1$ progenies of transgenic Codonopsis lanceolata showed superior to that of the seed derived non-transgenic plant. In this study, we report on the morphological variation and agronomic performance of transgenic Codonopsis lanceolata developed by Agrobacterium transformation.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2013

This study was conducted to isolate and identify the fungal pathogen causing seedling rot of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zuccarini, and to know the optimum growing temperature for decreasing seedling rot of Lithospermum erythrorhizon. On the basis of morphological characteristics, EF-1a sequence analysis, and pathogenecity to host plant, the fungi isolated from seedling rot and seeds of Lithospermum erythrorhizon were identified as Fusarium fujikuroi, indicating that disease causing fungus is seed-borne pathogen. Optimum temperature for germination of seeds of Lithospermum erythrorhizon was $15{\sim}20^{\circ}C$, but pathogenicity of Fusarium fujikuroi was shown more readily at $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. These results suggested that seedling culture of Lithospermum erythrorhizon between $15^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ might reduce seedling rot of Lithospermum erythrorhizon caused by seed-borne pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.264-271
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate morphological characteristics of Korean local garlic varieties and to define the genetic variability and the correlations amongthe characters associated with yield. The plant height, the leaf sheath diameter, the nubmer of leaves, and bulb weight were significantly increased in the garlic plants from heavier seed bulbs. The proportation of six clove bulbs was more than 60% in Seosan variety and this was not realted with the number of cloves in seed bulb. While more than 70% bulbs in Jeoksung and Danyang varieties cultivated in paddy field were composed of 6 or 7 cloves, majority of the bulbs of Euisung and Danyang varieties cultivated in upland were composed of bulbs with 7 cloves or more. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were observed in bulb weight. GCV and PCV also showed high value in leaf sheath diameter. Thus, there is a greater scope for selection of these characters. The small difference between PCV and GCV values in plant height indicates that the environmental influence would be limited in this character. High heritability was observed of plant height (56.76%) and bulb weight (45.95%). And the weight per bulb (34.24%) exhibited highest genitic advance followed by leaf sheath diameter (18.8%) and plant height (9.61%), and those would be the ideal characters for selelction.

• 식물병연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2024

In July 2022 and 2023, black mold symptoms were observed sporadically on fruits of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants grown in a greenhouse located in Suwon, Korea. The incidence of black mold on the fruits was 5-24% (average 14.8%) in variety SP-504 (yellow and elongate type) and 1-8% (average 5%) in variety SP-505 (red and round type) investigated. Four single-conidium isolates of Alternaria sp. obtained from the diseased fruits were identified as Alternaria alternata based on the morphological characteristics and molecular phyogenetic analyses. The isolates were tested for pathogenicity to sweet pepper fruits of varieties SP-504 and SP-505 through artificial inoculation. The isolates mostly induced large lesions on fruits of the two varieties in the wound inoculation, but only two isolates small lesions on fruits of the variety SP-504 in the non-wound inoculation. No lesions formed on fruits of the variety SP-505 in the non-wound inoculation. The pathogenicity tests revealed that susceptibility of sweet pepper fruits to the disease differs between the varieties. The symptoms induced by pathogenicity tests with the isolates were similar to those observed on fruits from the greenhouse investigated. This is the first report of A. alternata causing black mold on sweet pepper fruits in Korea.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2022

The genus Prunus (family: Rosaceae) consists of over 400 plant species and exhibits vast biodiversity worldwide. Given the wide distribution of this genus, its taxonomic classification is important. Anatomical characteristics are conserved and stable and can therefore be used as an important tool for the taxonomic characterization of plants. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and document the anatomical characteristics of the leaf, stem, and seed of P. africana using micrographs and photographs for possible use in the identification, quality control, and phylogenetic analysis of the species. The anatomical sections of a young stem revealed a cortex consisting of isodiametric parenchyma cells, druse crystals, primary vascular bundles, and pith. The mature stem bark majorly consisted of the rhytidome, with the periderm densely arranged in multiple layers; a cluster of stone cells; and sclerenchyma. The leaf sections were hypostomatic, with stomata sizes ranging from 18.90-(22.34)-26.90 × 15.41-(18.40)-21.22 ㎛. The leaf sections showed the presence of characteristic druse crystals, vascular bundles, and mesophyll layers. The pericarp contained the epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp, with their thickness being approximately 350-400, 300-350, and 30-50 ㎛, respectively. In addition, it contained a seed testa with a thickness of approximately 50-60 ㎛. The morphological and anatomical characteristics observed in P. africana leaves, stems, and seeds in this study could serve as useful data for the taxonomic identification of this species.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

한국 고유종인 모데미풀의 분류학적 검토를 위하여 모데미풀과 근연분류군의 종피 형태를 관찰하였다. 모데미풀의 종피 형태는 외종피 세포가 책상조직모양의 후벽세포로 발달하는 외종피외층형으로 나타났고, 종피의 표면은 오목형 구조를 보였다. 근연분류군인 동의나물의 외종피 외층은 입방형(cuboid)이며, 표면구조는 매끄러워서 모데미풀과 같은 책상조직 형태의 후벽세포로 잘 발달하였으며, 종피 표면 구조는 오목형과 볼록형이 연속적으로 나타났다. 이것은 모데미풀속의 종피구조가 금매화속의 종피구조 범위내에 포함됨을 암시하고 있다. 따라서 동의나물 아족에서는 종피의 해부형태와 표면구조가 아족내에서 분류학적 평가에 유용하게 사용될 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 종피의 표면구조와 행부형태 특징은 고유종인 모데미풀이 동의나물속이나 Calathodes속보다는 금매화속에 보다 가깝다는 것을 나타내었다. 종피의 오목형 표면구조와 잘 발달된 외종피 외층형 종피유형은 모데미풀과 금매화속이 함께 공유하는 형질이었다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.389-403
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• 2008

대극과 대극속 Zygophyllidium절의 한계와 종간 유연관계를 알아보기 위하여 Zygophyllidium절과 Poinsettia아속에 속하는 12종 종자를 광학현미경과 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 12종에 대해 종자의 특징을 기재하였으며, 검색표를 작성하였다. 9개의 종자 형질을 이용한 수리분석 결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같이 6개의 유형으로 구분하였다. Type I(Euphorbia uniglandulosa)는 종자표면에 작은 구멍이 있으며, 세포표면에 미세입자가 존재한다. Type II(E. exstipulata, E. lagunensis, E. bilobata, E. hexagonoides, E. chersonesa)는 종자 표면의 testa cell 사이에 미세과립을 가진다. Type III(E. cyathophora)는 종자의 선단이 뾰족, 세포 표면에는 동심원의 주름을 가진다. Type IV(E. dentata와 E. pentadactyla)는 종부를 갖고 있으며 testa cell 사이에 미세과립이 없다. Type V(E. hexagona)는 둥근 난형으로 세포 간 미세과립이 존재하지 않는다. Type VI(E. eriantha, E. lacera)는 종자의 모양이 사각형이며, 종부를 가지고 있다. 본 연구를 통해 Zygophyllidium절을 E. exstipulata, E. lagunensis, E. bilobata, E. hexagonoides, E. chersonesa만을 포함하는 Type II의 분류군들로 설정하는 것을 제안하며, 전통적으로 Zygophyllidium절에 포함시켰던 E. hexagona는 Poinsettia아속의 E. dentata와 유연관계가 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2019

We investigated the variation of morphological features, density, biomass and characteristics of reproductive shoot on Zostera marina. This species was monthly monitored and collected during a year in Tongyeong (from January 2016 to December 2016). Morphological features, biomass and density showed significantly seasonal variation (p<0.001). Dimensions of Z. marina were highest in spring and early summer but lowest in winter. Biomass and leaf density of Z. marina showed highest value in May (4,700.5 g w·wt m^-2) and June (858.0 leaves m^-2) respectively and lowest value in November (515.9 g w·wt m^-2 and 312.0 leaves m^-2). Reproductive shoot was monitored from April (13℃) to June (21℃) and grew up to ca. 200 cm. Spathe length, spadix weight, numbers and weight of fruit showed significantly different on monthly. None mature flowers were monitored in April but matured flowers, fruits were founded in May and seed releasing were occurred in June.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2021

The variations of morphological features, density and biomass of vegetative shoots and characteristics of reproductive shoots of Zostera caespitosa were examined in Tongyeong, Korea. Morphological features such as leaf length, width and sheath length of Z. caespitosa showed significant seasonal variation (p < 0.001). The highest aboveground value was recorded in late spring to summer and the lowest value in winter. Density and biomass also showed seasonal variations. Annual average shoot density and biomass of Z. caespitosa were recorded as 1,223.4 leaf m^-2 and 5,956.9 g w.w.m^-2, respectively, and had the highest value in June and lowest values in November and January. Reproductive shoots were observed from April (13℃) to June (21℃). Pistils erected outside sheath, anther dehiscing and small embryos were found in April. Mature fruit and released seeds were found in May and June. These results suggest that this species had a high growth rate in late spring and early summer (15℃-20℃). Reproductive shoots of Z. caespitosa may initially appear at about 10℃ in spring and seed have been released at about 20℃ in fall.