• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate physicochemical parameters; temperature, pH, C/N ratio, water content, organic contents and volume in a pilot-scale(capacity : $100m^3$) ultra thermophilic aerobic composting. There were three types input: municipal wasted sludge, livestock manure and slurry, and food waste produced in Jung-Eb city. Each target material was carried out by the first fermentation(organic waste + seed culture) and the second one(organic waste + seed culture + recycle compost), respectively. During composting, only with supply of air and mixing, the temperature increased $90{\sim}105^{\circ}C$ after every mixing in both periods. The changes of pH, $O_2$, $CO_2$ and $NH_3$ represented typical organic decomposition pattern by microorganisms. Also, all other physicochemical parameters of ultra thermophilic aerobic composting process showed similar or better performance than these of general aerobic composting. Heavy metal concentration of fermented compost adapted to compost fertilizer regulation standard in the heavy metal and hazardous analysis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.46 no.6
• /
• pp.429-433
• /
• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of off-type rice plant according to agronomic conditions. The occurrence density of the off-type rice plant in farmer's paddy field was greater as the years of self-produced seed use increased, and in the direct sowing paddy field it was twice as much as in the transplanting paddy field. When the long-grain red rice and the short-grain red rice in the cultivated field of cultivar were artificially sown, in the direct sowing on a flooded paddy surface culture rather than in the machine transplanting culture the off-type rice plant occurred much more, the culm length was longer, and the number of productive culm per plant increased. These characteristics were more conspicuous in the long-grain red rice than in the short-grain red rice. In the transplanting farmer's paddy fields, the off-type rice plant that occurred outside of the hills of the cultivar rice ranged 0 to 6%. Whereas in was 70.6 to 91.9% when the long-grain red rice and short-grain red rice were artificially sown. Therefore, it was assumed that most of the off-type rice plants occurred in the farmer's paddy fields was caused by seed contamination.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to establish the hydroponics production method for year-round cultivation of yam and to establish the mass production system of disease-free seed tubers from the superior yam species through water culture. There were no difference in tuber weight between 9 hr photoperiod(640mg) and natural photoperiod(600mg). However, longer photoperiod such as 12hr and 15hr decreased tuber weight to 490 and 500g, respectively, indicating that long photoperiod effects adversely tuber enlargement. Dioscorea opposita which was grown with hydroponics effected markedly tuber enlargement at 50% nutrient of Sanyak's standard solution. Hormone treatment of NAA 100ppm resulted in the best tuber growth(560mg) while control showed a relatively lower tuber growth(350mg).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.139-148
• /
• 1987

Exochorda serratifolia, broad-leaved shrub has beautiful flowers and is resistant to cold, shade and decease. New this native plant is considered to be worth being exploited as the outstanding plant for landscaping and horticulture. So this study was executed to utilize Exochorda serratifolia as the planting material for landscaping and horticulture through the survey of its habitat environment and the experimennt of its seed physiology and germination, vegetative propagation, culture and utilization, etc.. The results are as follows ; 1. The color of the flower is white, blooming in the early and middle of May and the seeds ripen late in Sep.. 2. The elevation, elevation, gradient and direction of the native habitat were 250m, 20-25$^{\circ}$and northern side respectively. 3. The soil pH of the natural habitat was 5.3 and soil fertility was poor. 4. Exochorda serratifolia appeared as indicator within P. densiflora community and its neighboring species were Q. mongolica, Q. dentata, R. mucronulatum, L. obtusiloba, E. oxyphillus, C. heterolphylla, var thunbergii, etc.. 5. The optimum temperature for seed germination was found at 20$^{\circ}C$ and the longer the stratification period at 5$^{\circ}C$ was, the lower the germination rate was. 6. The treat merits of GA and Kinetin increased the seed germination rate, especially under the dark condition but their high concentrations decreased the seed germination rate. 7. The rooted rate of the greenwood cutting was the highest at IBA 100ppm plot of vermiculite bed but its high concentration decreased the rooted rate conspicuously. 8. In the tissue culture, the each 1.0 ppd plot of NAA, Kinetin and NAA 1.0ppm + Kinetin showed the best growth. And the mixture of NAA 1.0ppm and Kinetin showed better growth than the single treatment of NAA or Kinetin did. 9. Transplanted Exochorda serratifolia showed healthy growth with shaded environmental condition(42.1% light intensity), therefore they can be cultivated as a shade tolerant landscape plant. 10. It was considered that Exochorda serratifolia was applicable to group planting at shade places or under trees in parks, homes, etc..

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.577-581
• /
• 2020

This study examined the physicochemical properties of radish pickle containing different natural preservatives (grapefruit seed extract, green tea extract, rosemary, or olive) stored for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. The hardness and color of the radish pickles with the grapefruit seed extract was higher than the other radish pickles during storage from week 0 to week 4. A 14.52% and 13.80% decrease in hardness and color were observed in the radish pickles with grapefruit seed extract (GFE), respectively. In addition, the total phenolic content was highest in the GFE in natural preservatives. Based on the results, GFE was selected as the optimal natural preservatives, and the growth of total viable bacteria and yeast were evaluated. The total viable bacteria and yeast showed similar patterns to the control. These results are expected to be useful in producing radish pickles with optimal quality and contribute to the development of various foods in the food industry.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.37-37
• /
• 2018

We use two different methods for laboratory propagation from seed of lady's slipper orchid(Cypripedium macranthos Sw.); immature seed which also called green capsule or fully mature seed about 120~130 days from pollination. In green capsule culture, the seed pods should be collected within precisely right time. The right time of seed collection could be diverse under the wether conditions or nutritional factors of the plants. In fully matured seed culture, the more complicated procedures are needed to break the dormancy of the seed; thermal or chemical treatment. The seedlings in this study were easily germinated from immature seeds in Harvais medium; 53 days after pollination(DAP) in Cypripedium pubescens, DAP 65 in C. parviflorum and C. macranthos. The germinated seedlings were transplanted to hormone free media immediately to avoid abnormal growth of seedlings. When the seedlings have roots with a minimum length of around 2-3cm and have visible dormant buds, the seedlings were removed from the flask and stored in refrigerator for vernalization. To examine the correlation of seedlings and maternal plants, the 125 seedlings of C. macranthos were transplanted in the soil bed at a distance of 20-100 cm from mother plants on April 20. The survival rate of seedlings were 92% in 20 cm distance from the ripe plants, and 56 % in 100 cm distance. The seedlings which were transplanted near mother plants showed vigorous growth in plant height, leaf width, and especially dormant buds. Considering the existence of mycorrhiza which is a symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a orchid vascular, the various fungus from mother plants could affect the growth of the seedlings. These results indicate the possibility of high and stable production and practical industrialization of endangered lady's slipper orchids.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.19-22
• /
• 2005

We investigated the effect of nitrogen fixing Azotobacter bioinoculant on the mycelial growth and the rate of substrate utilization by Pleurotus eous. The synergistic or antagonistic role of the microorganism during dual culturing with the mushroom or the competitor molds Trichoderma viride, and Trichoderma reesi was studied. Azotobacter was inhibitory to the molds, which are competitive to the mushroom in the seed spawn substrate, but was synergistic towards the mushroom. The growth, substrate utilization potential as total nitrogen content and cellulase enzyme activities of the mushroom in the seed spawn substrate were also enhanced in the presence of the bioinoculant at lower inoculum concentrations, upto 5 ml broth culture per spawn bottle.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.283-297
• /
• 2000

Seeds are an ideal repository for recombinant proteins in molecular farming applications. However, in order to use plant seeds efficiently for the production of such proteins, it is necessary to understand a number of fundamental biological properties of seeds. This includes a full understanding of promoters which function in a seed-specific manner, the subcellular targeting of the desired polypeptide and the final form in which a protein is stored. Once a biologically active protein has been deposited in a seed, it is also critical that the protein can be extracted and purified efficiently. In this review, these issues are examined critically to provide a number of approaches which may be adopted for production of recombinant proteins in plants. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between subcellular localization and protein extraction and purification. The robustness and flexibility of seed-based production is illustrated by examples close to or already in commercial production.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2011

Shimizuomyces paradoxus showed no inhibitory effect against plant pathogen fungi, such as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Alternaria solani. The S. paradoxus culture filtrate showed higher seed germination and seedling growth rates in canola than distilled water and potato-dextrose broth. A conidial suspension of $1.0{\times}10^4/mL$ resulted in the highest growth stimulating effects on total plant length, and fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots in cucumber, when compared to the highest suspension concentration. Total plant length and shoot weight increased with the foliar spray treatment, and root length and root weight increased by simultaneous treatments of soil drenching and foliar spray in cucumber. Lower concentrations of the S. paradoxus conidial suspension increased the harvest of tomato fruit.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.168-171
• /
• 1998

Sesaminol in sesame seed was postulated to have antitumor activity. The present study was performed to characterize the role of crude sesaminol extracted from sesame seed (Sesame Crude Sesaminol; SCS) on inhibiting the in vitro growth of human leukemia HL-60 cells. SCS inhibited the growth of human leukemia HL 60 cells in culture and macromolecular synthesis in a dose and time dependent manner. The cytostatic range of SCS concentration was found to be 60 to 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. SCS concentration greater than 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mlwere cytocidal to HL-60 cells. When SCS concentraction was 6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mland 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml the synthesis of HL-60 cells was inhibited by 35% for DNA, 6% for RNA and 5% for protein and 83% for DNA, 76% for RNA and 60% for protein. Of specific interest was the irreversible effect of SCS in inhibiting DNA synthesis of HL-60 cells. This was evidenced from the fact that, even after washed with PBS three times, preincubated HL-60 cells still showed the inhibited DNA synthesis.