• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.4C
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• pp.197-206
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• 2011

In the RFID system, bulk tag information is stored into the back-end database as plaintext format not ciphertext. In this case, the tags's private informations can be easily compromised by an external hacker or an insider attacker. If the private informations of tags disclosed by the attackers, it can occur serious privacy invasion problem. Recently the database(DB) security is an important issue to prevent the above DB compromised attack. However, DB security for RFID systeme has not been considered yet. If we use the DB security technique into the RFID system, the above described privacy invasion' problem can be easily prevented. Based on this motivation, this paper proposes a secure and efficient back-end database security and authentication(S-DB) scheme with XOR-based encryption/decryption algorithm. In the proposed scheme, all tag's private information is encrypted and stored by using the DB secret key to protect the DB compromised attack. As a result, the proposed S-DB scheme 'can provide stronger security and more efficiency for the secure RFID system environment.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.75-94
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• 2009

Since mechanical security systems are mostly composed of electronic, information and communication devices, they have effects in the aspects of overall social environment and crime-oriented environment. Also, the importance is increasing for wireless recognition of RFID and tracing function, which will be usefully utilized in controlling the incomings and outgoings of people/vehicles or allowance, surveillance and control. This is resulting from the increase in the care for the elderly according to the overall social environment, namely, the aging society, and the number of women entering, as well as the increase in the number of heinous crimes. The purpose of this study is to examine the theoretical considerations on ubiquitous sensor network and present a direction for securities companies for their development by focusing on the technological and application areas. To present strategies of response to a new environment for security companies, First, a diversification strategy is needed for security companies. The survival of only high level of security companies in accordance with the principle of liberal market competition will bring forth qualitative growth and competitiveness of security market. Second, active promotion by security companies is needed. It is no exaggeration to say that we are living in the modern society in the sea of advertisements and propaganda. The promotional activities that emphasize the areas of activity or importance of security need to be actively carried out using the mass media to change the aware of people regarding security companies, and they need to come up with a plan to simultaneously carry out the promotional activities that emphasize the public aspect of security by well utilizing the recent trend that the activities of security agents are being used as a topic in movies or TV dramas. Third, technically complementary establishment of ubiquitous sensor network and electronic tag is needed. Since they are used in mobile electronic tag services such as U-Home and U-Health Care, they are used throughout our lives by forming electronic tag environment within safe ubiquitous sensor network based on the existing privacy guideline for the support of mobile electronic tag terminal commercialization, reduction in communication and information usage costs, continuous technical development and strengthening of privacy protection, and the system of cooperation of academic-industrial-research needs to be established among the academic world and private research institutes for these parts.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.221-227
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• 2013

RFID is an automatic identification technology that can control a range of information via IC chips and radio communication. Also known as electronic tags, smart tags or electronic labels, RFID technology enables embedding the overall process from production to sales in an ultra-small IC chip and tracking down such information using radio frequencies. Currently, RFID-based application and development is in progress in such fields as health care, national defense, logistics and security. RFID structure consists of a reader that reads tag information, a tag that provides information and the database that manages data. Yet, the wireless section between the reader and the tag is vulnerable to security issues. To sort out the vulnerability, studies on security protocols have been conducted actively. However, due to difficulties in implementation, most suggestions are concerned with theorem proving, which is prone to vulnerability found by other investigators later on, ending up in many troubles with applicability in practice. To experimentally test the security of the protocol proposed here, the formal verification tool, CasperFDR was used. To sum up, the proposed protocol was found to be secure against diverse attacks. That is, the proposed protocol meets the safety standard against new types of attacks and ensures security when applied to real tags in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.581-591
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• 2016

RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) is a key technology in ubiquitous computing and is expected to be employed in more fields in the near future. Nevertheless, the RFID system is vulnerable to attacks by eavesdropping or altering of the messages transmitted in wireless channels. In 2013, Oh et al. proposed a mutual authentication protocol between a tag and a reader in RFID systems. Their protocol is designed to resist location tracking for privacy protection. However, all tags and readers use only one network-wide key in their protocol and tags are usually vulnerable to physical attacks. We found that their protocol is still vulnerable to tag/reader impersonation attacks and location tracking if an attacker obtains the network-wide key from a tag. In this paper, we propose a security improved authentication protocol for privacy protection in RFID systems. In addition, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme is efficient in terms of computation and communication costs.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.11C
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• pp.883-891
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• 2008

In 2006, Lee and Ahn proposed a matrix-based RFID authentication protocol which eliminates the security problems in HB and $HB^+$ RFID authentication protocols. Their proposed protocol provides the following three merits: (1) it reduces the computational costs of the RFID tag. (2) it reduces the communication overhead between the reader and the tag. (3) it protects the user privacy. However, this paper points out that Lee and Ahn's proposed protocol is insecure to various attacks because it does not provide mutual authentication which the RFID tag does not authenticate the legality of the RFID reader unlike their claims. In addition, this paper proposes an improved matrix-based RFID mutual authentication protocol that can provide the mutual authentication. As a result, the proposed protocol not only can provide strong security and but also guarantee high efficiency because it reduces the communication rounds compare with Lee-Ahn's protocol.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.57-72
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• 2010

Hash based RFID protocols proposed by Ha and M.Burmester is a scheme that tag's ID is updated using hash function to provide forward secrecy after session end. But this protocols have a problem both privacy and efficiency. This paper analyze a problem for privacy to apply a privacy game model proposed by Vaudenay. we analyze the cause that these scheme is difficult with tag's cheap implementation and efficient resynchronization. To solve these problems, we proposed a new hash based mutual authentication protocol which apply only two protocol's advantages. this protocols is based of resynchronization algorithm for Ha et al.'s protocol and added a new simple counter to record the numner of continuous desynchronization between tag and reader secret informations. this counter is more simple than cyclic counter proposed by M. Burmester's protocol. Also, we prove that proposal protocol improve a privacy against a privacy attack which is executed for Ha and M. Burmester's protocols.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.149-157
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• 2011

Passive tags are inferior to active tags in processing efficiency, so they have difficulty in largevolume processing. The proposed protocol reduces the volume of computation in passive tags and, at the same time, improves authentication for enhanced safety and security. That is, different from existing RFID protocols that return the same value even if an error happens when the reader reads a tag, the improved RFID security protocol returns a new value using a re-counter and processes the computation part of a tag in the reader or in a back.end system. Even if the information of a tag is acquired by an malicious way, it is not actual information but encrypted information that is not usable. In addition, even if tag information is read in sequence, it is changed in each read, so the protocol is safe from Location Tracking.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.8B
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• pp.1028-1037
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• 2011

Recently, Selim et al proposed public key cryptography based privacy preserving multi-context RFID authentication protocol. However Selim et al's proposed protocol not only doesn't fit into passive tag based RFID system because it uses public key based encryption algorithm to perform authentication between reader and tag, but also is insecure to an impersonation attack because it doesn't provide mutual authentication. In order to eliminate the above described efficiency problem and security vulnerabilities, this paper proposes a new multi-context RFID mutual authentication protocol that can prevent privacy invasion and tag impersonation attack through providing mutual authentication between single passive tag which is located different application space and readers which provide multi-context purposes and can secure against relay attack and denial-of-service attack. As a result, the proposed protocol performs secure mutual authentication based on the collected space and time information from the RFID reader and provides strong security and high computation efficiency because if performs secure one-way hash function and symmetric encryption operations suitable to the environments of passive RFID tags.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.987-999
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• 2014

A PUF is embedded and implemented into a tag or a device, and outputs a noise y with an input of x, based on its own unique physical characteristics. Although x is used multiple times as inputs of PUF, the PUF outputs slightly different noises, ($y_1,{\cdots}y_n$), and also the PUF has tamper-resistance property, hence it has been widely used in cryptographic protocol. In this paper, we study how to design a PUF-based RFID authentication protocol in a secure and an efficient way. Compared with recent schemes, the proposed scheme guarantees both authentication and privacy of backword/forward under the compromise of long-term secrets stored in tag. And also, the most cost and time-consumming procedure, key recovery algorithm used with PUF, has been desgined in the side of RFID reader, not in the tag, and, consequently, gives possibility to minimize costs for implementation and running time.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.163-171
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• 2011

Because RFID systems use radio frequency, they have many security problems such as eavesdropping, location tracking, spoofing attack and replay attack. So, many mutual authentication protocols and cryptography methods for RFID systems have been proposed in order to solve security problems, but previous proposed protocols using AES(Advanced Encryption Standard) have fixed key problem and security problems. In this paper, we analyze security of proposed protocols and propose our protocol using OTP(One-Time Pad) and AES to solve security problems and to reduce hardware overhead and operation. Our protocol encrypts data transferred between RFID reader and tag, and accomplishes mutual authentication by one time random number to generate in RFID reader. In addition, this paper presents that our protocol has higher security and efficiency in computation volume and process than researched protocols and S.Oh's Protocol. Therefore, our protocol is secure against various attacks and suitable for lightweight RFID tag system.