• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1069-1073
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• 2016

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the interconnection of uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within the existing Internet infrastructure. IoT is expected to offer advanced connectivity of devices, systems, and services that goes beyond machine-to-machine communications and covers a variety of protocols, domains, and applications. Key system-level features that IoT needs to support can be summarized as device heterogeneity, scalability, ubiquitous data exchange through proximity wireless technologies, energy optimized solutions, localization and tracking capabilities, self-organization capabilities, semantic interoperability and data management, embedded security and privacy-preserving mechanisms. Time information is a critical piece of infrastructure for any distributed system. Time information and time synchronization are also fundamental building blocks in the IoT. The IoT requires new paradigms for combining time and data. This paper reviews conventional time keeping mechanisms in the Internet and presents issues to be considered for combining time and data in the IoT.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2017

Recent floodplain data are important for river master plan, storm and flood damage reduction comprehensive plan and pre-disaster impact assessment. Hazard map, base of floodplain data, is being emphasized as important method of non-structural flood prevention and consist of inundation trace map, inundation expected map and hazard information map. Inundation trace map describes distribution of area that damaged from typhoons, heavy rain and tsunamis and includes identified flood level, flood depth and flood time from flooding area. However due to lack of these data by local government, which are foundational and supposed to be well prepared nationwide, having hard time for making inundation trace map or hazard information map. To overcome this problem, time consumption and budget reduction is required through various research. From this study, DEM (Digital Elevation Model) from image material from UAVS (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System) and numeric geographic map from National Geographic Information Institute are used for calculating flooding damaged area and compared with inundation trace map. As results, inundation trace map DEM based on image material from UAVS had better accuracy than that used DEM based on numeric geographic map. And making hazard map could be easier and more accurate by utilizing image material from UAVS than before.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.347-351
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• 2013

Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIAn) is induced by different types and various intensities of physical activity, and is distinct from food allergies. It has been shown that consumption of allergenic food followed by exercise causes FDEIAn symptoms. Intake of allergenic food or medication before exercise is a major predisposing factor for FDEIAn. Urticaria and severe allergic reactions are general symptoms of FDEIAn. Dermatological tests and serum IgE assays are the typical prescreening methods, and have been used for several decades. However, these screening tests are not sufficient for detecting or preventing FDEIAn. It has been found that exercise may stimulate the release of mediators from IgE-dependent mast cells that can result in FDEIAn when a certain threshold level has been exceeded. Mast cell degradation might be a major factor to induce FDEIAn but this has not been determined. A number of foods have been reported to be involved in the onset of FDEIAn including wheat, eggs, chicken, shrimp, shellfish, nuts, fruits, and vegetables. It is also known that aspirin increases the occurrence of type I allergy symptoms when combined with specific foods. Moreover, high intensity and frequent exercise are more likely to provoke an attack than low intensity and less frequent exercise. In this paper, we present the current views of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying FDEIAn within the context of exercise immunology. We also present a detailed FDEIAn definition along with etiologic factors and medical treatment for cholinergic urticaria (UC) and exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.84-91
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• 2020

The Korean nuclear industry developed the SPACE (Safety and Performance Analysis Code for nuclear power plants) code and this code adpots two-phase flows, two-fluid, three-field models which are comprised of gas, continuous liquid and droplet fields and has a capability to simulate three-dimensional model. According to the revised law by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC) in Korea, the multiple failure accidents that must be considered for accident management plan of nuclear power plant was determined based on the lessons learned from the Fukushima accident. Generally, to improve the reliability of the calculation results of a safety analysis code, verification work for separate and integral effect experiments is required. In this reason, the goal of this work is to verify calculation capability of SPACE code for multiple failure accident. For this purpose, it was selected the experiment which was conducted to simulate a Multiple Steam Generator Tube Rupture(MSGTR) accident with Passive Auxiliary Feedwater System(PAFS) operation by Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) and focused that the comparison between the experiment results and code calculation results to verify the performance of the SPACE code. The MSGR accident has a unique feature of the penetration of the barrier between the Reactor Coolant System (RCS) and the secondary system resulting from multiple failure of steam generator U-tubes. The PAFS is one of the advanced safety features with passive cooling system to replace a conventional active auxiliary feedwater system. This system is passively capable of condensing steam generated in steam generator and feeding the condensed water to the steam generator by gravity. As the results of overall system transient response using SPACE code showed similar trends with the experimental results such as the system pressure, mass flow rate, and collapsed water level in component. In conclusion, it could be concluded that the SPACE code has sufficient capability to simulate a MSGTR accident.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.47-57
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• 2013

Backgrounds: According to a high interest in health these days, a bicycle is being highlighted as a means of leisure activity and auxiliary transportation means. Along with an increase in this interest, there is tendency that even the width of bicycle utilization gets diverse and that bicycle accident is also rapidly growing. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to suggest a prevention measure available for reducing occurrence of bicycle accidents by analyzing the Epidemiological characteristics according to age and injury severity in bicycle-injured patients. Methods: This study analyzed 115 materials suitable for this study by examining a medical record of patients, who received the hospitalized treatment owing to bicycle accident from January 1, 2011 to December 31 at one general hospital in S city. Results: The male-and-female ratio of bicycle-injured patients stood at about 7:3. The average age was 38.14(${\pm}21.59$) years old. The largest injury happened in 40-59 years old(31.3%). The averagely hospitalized period was 17.33(${\pm}18.12$) days. Injury severity was the ratio of 2:8 in a mild case versus a serious case. As for drinking and smoking characteristics according to age, the injury occurred the most in between 40 and 59 years old for people with drinking and smoking and in under 19 years for people without drinking and smoking. According to injury severity, the ratio of serious case got higher in the higher age. This was indicated(${\chi}^2$=15.675, p=0.001) to be statistically significant. Conclusion: In this study, a bicycle accident was indicated to have high injury risk in young children, adolescents, and old-age group. Prevention measure and publicity are demanded for reducing injury occurrence such as the prevention education for bicycle accident and wearing protective gear focusing on the ages of corresponding to groups with risk of injury occurrence. In addition, the security of safe movement route is necessarily demanded in order to increase application level as an auxiliary transportation means.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.341-347
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• 2014

Among methods of the big data process, big data process under the cloud environment is becoming a main topic. As part of solving faced problem and strengthening industrial competitiveness in the medical and health industry, discussion on ways to activate big data is actively being conducted. Because the reason is a paradigm shift, saving pressure for increasing health care costs, and increased consumer interest for the level of service. In this paper, we find out the relationship between the cloud and big data. And we are to research and analysis a cloud-based big data case in the medical field. Finally we propose the efficient utilization and future outlook. For the smooth functioning of cloud-based medical big data, we have to solve the problems like infrastructure extension, analysis/application software development, and professional manpower training. In addition, we have to correct insufficient laws maintenance to the Cloud utilization, and improve the security and the recognition to personal information, and solve authority for data centralization.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.535-543
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• 2017

This study aimed to improve the satisfaction of multi-cultural children by encouraging their participation in healthy exercises, and confirm the level of changes in their school life, the satisfaction with happiness. In order to achieve this purpose, dividing the participants in this program into an experimental group of 20 who participate in taekwondo training program and a comparison group of 20 who do not do sports activity, the study was conducted with a binary mixed design by three repeated measures by group. The conclusions made through these measures were as follows: According to the measurement time between the experimental group who participated in taekwondo training program and the comparison group who did not do sports activity, there were differences in changes in satisfaction of school life, leisure satisfaction, and satisfaction with happiness. Namely, the change in the experimental group was more than that of the comparison group. In conclusion, for multi-cultural children, it can be assessed that as the duration of participation in the taekwondo training program increases, the effect was clear, and it was found that satisfaction of school life, leisure satisfaction, and happiness satisfaction have changed statistically and significantly.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.499-511
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• 2008

To solve the emerging geospatial problems, more creative and effective spatial information infrastructures are required. To solve the emerging geospatial problems at a national level, this study assumes that the current Korean NSDI considered descriptive needs to be more prescriptive. The future NSDI will require a more useful integration vehicle for matters and places of national importance such as national security and emergency prevention and management. The purpose of this study is to identify "What can be done for the Korean NSDI to be more prescriptive?" This study reviews previous researches and new SDI concepts, analyzes the Korean NSDI in terms of a descriptive NSDI, and proposes a prescriptive NSDI model for Korean geospatial problems. The model includes new aspects of an advanced NSDI and several tasks for the future prescriptive Korean NSDI.

• Architectural research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 2011

Profit-keeping behaviors naturally occur in the market to satisfy consumers, and the logic behind it lies in the economies of scale. On the flip side, some commodities transacted in the market are not available or can not be easily acquired unless the demand is high enough. Under this proposition, some consumers rise and find their own solution to meet the services at a reasonable cost or at an adequate level. The commonly adopted way is to establish a cooperative, and it stirs purchasing power by pooling resources and further bargains price and service quality. As a consumer cooperative, housing cooperatives notably found in rural towns enable the elderly to continue independent living. This study is to take a closer look at residential life of the rural elderly in housing cooperatives. Utilizing in-depth focus group interviews with 40 residents in four housing cooperatives, this qualitative research draws main factors affecting the decision to move in, residential assessment, and strengths and weakness of living in a housing cooperative. The primary factor influencing the moving decision is to continue to independent living in a familiar community, and the bottom line is planning ahead. Frailty and bereavement are found to be the leading occasions for them to move. The participants are satisfied with the independent living arrangement, and particularly, cited such features as safety and security, elderly-friendly design, common spaces, freedom, social activities and efficient living. Also, it is stated that some cooperative natures such as control over the property and giving a voice on management render positive impacts on the satisfaction with communal living. In spite of all the benefits and strengths, participants face with a public notion that an independent living arrangement like a housing cooperative has never done before in rural towns, so that most people recognize it as part of dependent living arrangements like nursing home.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.191-199
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose to develop a diagnosis tool for measuring digital competence for university student. To this end, 223 students participated for the survey research. Based on the survey by 6 domain and 40 questions, 6 factors and 18 questions for digital competence measurement were drawn throughout the factors analysis. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed the fact that 6 factors and 18 questions that satisfied the model-fit indexes statistically were finally confirmed. And the developed tool demonstrated good results in reliability and validity verification, which were suitable for measuring digital competence for university students. The developed measurement tool of digital competence for university students consisted of 6 sub-components such digital device operation, communication and collaboration, information searching, processing, and management, problem solving and learning, security, digital ethics. The digital competence measuring tool developed in this study is expected to be used to identify the current level of competences for university student, and to enhance their own digital competences through educational supports.