• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.2514-2520
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• 2010

The objective of this paper is to propose the methodology for automated generation of the optimal security defense strategies using evolutionary techniques. As damages by penetration exploiting vulnerability in computer systems and networks are increasing, security techniques have been researched actively. However it is difficult to generate optimal defense strategies because it needs to consider various situations on network environment according to countermeasures. Thus we have adopted a genetic algorithm in order to generate an optimal defense strategy as combination of countermeasures. We have represented gene information with countermeasures. And by using simulation technique, we have evaluated fitness through evaluating the vulnerability of system having applied various countermeasures. Finally, we have examined the feasibility by experiments on the system implemented by proposed method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.356-360
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• 2006

Recently, many power analysis attacks have been proposed. Since the attacks are powerful, it is very important to implement cryptosystems securely against the attacks. We propose countermeasures against power analysis attacks for elliptic curve cryptosystems based on Koblitz curves (KCs), which are a special class of elliptic curves. That is, we make our countermeasures be secure against SPA, DPA, and new DPA attacks, specially RPA, ZPA, using a random point at each execution of elliptic curve scalar multiplication. And since our countermeasures are designed to use the Frobenius map of KC, those are very fast.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.145-158
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• 2000

The medical records of diagnostic and testing information include sensitive personal information that reveals some of the most intimate aspects of an individual's life. The hospital information system (HIS) operates in a state of high risk which may lead to the possible loss to the IS resources caused by various threats. This research addresses twofold : (1) to perform asset identification ad valuation and (2) to recommend countermeasures for secure HIS network using case studies This paper applied a risk management tool CRAMM (Central Computer and Tele-communications Agency's Risk Analysis and Management Method) to assess asset values and suggest countermeasures for the security of computerized medical information of two large hospitals in Korea. CRAMM countermeasures are recommended at the reference sites from the network security requirements of system utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of patients. The results of the study will enhance the awareness of IS risk management by IS managers.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.205-211
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• 2024

The increasing number of botnet attacks incorporating new evasion techniques making it infeasible to completely secure complex computer network system. The botnet infections are likely to be happen, the timely detection and response to these infections helps to stop attackers before any damage is done. The current practice in traditional IP networks require manual intervention to response to any detected malicious infection. This manual response process is more probable to delay and increase the risk of damage. To automate this manual process, this paper proposes to automatically select relevant countermeasures for detected botnet infection. The propose approach uses the concept of flow trace to detect botnet behavior patterns from current and historical network activity. The approach uses the multiclass machine learning based approach to detect and classify the botnet activity into IRC, HTTP, and P2P botnet. This classification helps to calculate the risk score of the detected botnet infection. The relevant countermeasures selected from available pool based on risk score of detected infection.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2012

This paper suggests Effectiveness Evaluation Methods of DDoS attacks countermeasures model by simulation. According to the security objectives that are suggested by NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology), It represents a hierarchical Effectiveness Evaluation Model. we calculated the weights of factors that security objectives, security controls, performance indicator through AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis. Subsequently, we implemented Arena Simulation Model for the calculation of function points at the performance indicator. The detection and protection algorithm involve methods of critical-level setting, signature and anomaly(statistic) based detection techniques for Network Layer 4, 7 attacks. Proposed Effectiveness Evaluation Model can be diversely used to evaluate effectiveness of countermeasures and techniques for new security threats each organization.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.217-228
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• 2024

LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) sensors, which play a pivotal role among cameras, RADAR(RAdio Detection And Ranging), and ultrasonic sensors for the safe operation of autonomous vehicles, can recognize and detect objects in 360 degrees. However, since LiDAR sensors use lasers to measure distance, they are vulnerable to attackers and face various security threats. In this paper, we examine several security threats against LiDAR sensors: relay, spoofing, and replay attacks, analyze the possibility and impact of physical jamming attacks, and analyze the risk these attacks pose to the reliability of autonomous driving systems. Through experiments, we show that jamming attacks can cause errors in the ranging ability of LiDAR sensors. With vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, multi-sensor fusion under development and LiDAR anomaly data detection, this work aims to provide a basic direction for countermeasures against these threats enhancing the security of autonomous vehicles, and verify the practical applicability and effectiveness of the proposed countermeasures in future research.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2010

Secure routing is vital to the acceptance and use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for many applications. However, providing secure routing in WSNs is a challenging task due to the inherently constrained capabilities of sensor nodes. Although a wide variety of routing protocols have been proposed for WSNs, most do not take security into account as a main goal. Routing attacks can have devastating effects on WSNs and present a major challenge when designing robust security mechanisms for WSNs. In this paper, we examine some of the most common routing attacks in WSNs. In particular, we focus on the wormhole routing attack in some detail. A variety of countermeasures have been proposed in the literature for such attacks. However, most of these countermeasures suffer from flaws that essentially render them ineffective for use in large scale WSN deployments. Due to the inherent constraints found in WSNs, there is a need for lightweight and robust security mechanisms. The examination of the wormhole routing attack and some of the proposed countermeasures makes it evident that it is extremely difficult to retrofit existing protocols with defenses against routing attacks. It is suggested that one of the ways to approach this rich field of research problems in WSNs could be to carefully design new routing protocols in which attacks such as wormholes can be rendered meaningless.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2010

Since the RSA cryptosystem based on Chinese Remainder Theorem is vulnerable to many fault insertion attacks, some countermeasures against them were proposed. Recently, Kim et al. or Ha et al. respectively proposed each countermeasure scheme based on fault propagation method. Unfortunately, Hur et al. insist that these countermeasures are vulnerable to their opcode modification fault attack. In this paper, we show that the proposed attack can not apply to almost CRT-RSA countermeasures which use multi-precision operations in long bit computation. Therefore, the countermeasure against fault attack proposed by Kim et al. or Ha et al. are still secure.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.9
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• pp.1684-1697
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• 2011

We show that two protocols for RFID mutual authentication in pervasive computing environments, recently proposed by Kang et al, are vulnerable to several attacks. First, we show these protocols do not preserve the privacy of users' location. Once a tag is authenticated successfully, we show several scenarios where legitimate or illegitimate readers can trace the location of that tag without any further information about the tag's identifier or initial private key. Second, since the communication between readers and the database takes place over an insecure communication channel and in the plaintext form, we show scenarios where a compromised tag can gain access to confidential information that the tag is not supposed get access to. Finally, we show that these protocols are also vulnerable to the replay and denial-of-service attacks. While some of these attacks are due to simple flaws and can be easily fixed, others are more fundamental and are due to relaxing widely accepted assumptions in the literature. We examine this issue, apply countermeasures, and re-evaluate the protocols overhead after taking these countermeasures into account and compare them to other work in the literature.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2015

As a growing number of people are concerned about the protection of personal information, the use of encryption solution has been increased. In addition, with the end of support for Windows XP and the improvement of operating system, the use of the Full Disk Encryption solution like Bitlocker will be increased. Therefore, it is necessary to consider countermeasures against Full Disk Encryption for the future digital forensic investigation. This paper provides the digital evidence acquisition procedure that responds to the Full Disk Encryption environment and introduces the countermeasures and detection tool against Full Disk Encryption solutions that are widely used.