• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1089-1092
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• 2013

Background: Elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a poor outcome because of co-morbidities, poor tolerance to intensive chemotherapy and inherently more resistant disease. Clofarabine is a second generation nucleoside analogue which has shown promising activity in elderly patients with AML. This study was conducted to review the outcome of treatment with clofarabine in a group of such patients. Methods: The records of 5 elderly patients who were diagnosed to have AML and treated with clofarabine over a 12 month period were reviewed retrospectively. Results: There were 2 female and 3 male patients with a median age of 68 years (range 65-82). At the time of treatment, 2 patients had newly diagnosed AML not considered suitable for intensive therapy, while 3 patients had partial or no response to conventional chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 100%, all patients achieving a complete remission. Induction and consolidation were well tolerated. All patients developed neutropenia with a median duration of 20 days (range 17-42). One patient developed hand and foot syndrome and a generalized rash but recovered. There was no mortality and all patients remained in remission after a median follow-up of 5.2 months (Range 3-10). Conclusion: Clofarabine (alone or in combination) is active in elderly AML patients with an acceptable safety profile and should be considered a potential option in this group.

• BLOOD RESEARCH
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.288-293
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• 2018

Background Although allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the only curative treatment option for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a substantial number of patients experience relapse. We reviewed the clinical outcomes of patients with MDS who relapsed after allogeneic HCT. Methods Thirty patients who experienced relapse or progression after allogeneic HCT for MDS between July 2000 and May 2016 were included in this retrospective analysis. Results The median time from HCT to relapse was 6.6 (range, 0.9-136.3) months. Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) were administered to four patients: one achieved complete remission (CR) and survived disease free, while three did not respond to DLI and died. Hypomethylating agents were administered to seven patients: one who had stable disease continuously received decitabine, while six died without response to treatment. Six patients received AML-like intensive chemotherapy, and three achieved CR: two underwent second HCT and one DLI. One patient receiving second HCT survived without disease, but the other two relapsed and died. Three, four, and eight patients who did not respond to intensive chemotherapy, low-dose cytarabine, and best supportive care, respectively, died. One patient who underwent second HCT following cytogenetic relapse survived disease free. Median overall survival after relapse was 4.4 months, and relapse within 6 months after HCT was associated with shorter survival. Conclusion Outcomes of MDS patients relapsing after allogeneic HCT were disappointing. Some patients could be saved using DLI or second HCT.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.180-185
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• 2017

Despite the decreasing incidence and mortality from gastric cancer, it remains a major health problem worldwide. Ninety percent of cases are adenocarcinomas. Here, we report a case of gastric adenocarcinoma developed after successful treatment of prior primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Our patient was an elderly man with primary gastric DLBCL in whom complete remission was achieved after R-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, prednisolone plus rituximab) chemotherapy. Helicobacter pylori infection persisted despite adequate treatment leading to sustained chronic gastritis. The mean time to diagnose metachronous gastric carcinoma was seven years. We believe that a combination of many risk factors, of which chronic H. pylori infection the most important, led to the development of gastric carcinoma following primary gastric lymphoma. In summary, patients who have been successfully treated for primary gastric lymphoma should be followed up at regular short intervals. H. pylori infection should be diagnosed promptly and treated aggressively.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.126-128
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• 2012

We report on a case of severe hepatotoxicity in a 52-year-old male with multiple myeloma (MM) who had received bortezomib therapy. At patient presentation, liver enzymes were normal, but started to markedly increase 3 days after the patient's second dose of bortezomib was administered, when free kappa light chains were noticeably reduced in the serum. After discontinuation of bortezomib, liver enzymes recovered gradually to baseline. Then, the patient was started on a thalidomide-containing regimen, which he was able to tolerate well. The patient achieved complete remission prior to autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The patient underwent ASCT without occurrence of further liver toxicity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2017

Background and Objectives : This study evaluated the efficacy of combination therapy of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and steroid inhaler (SI), with or without botulinum toxin injection (BTX) for contact granuloma. Subjects and Methods : Fourteen contact granuloma patients were enrolled in this study. Combination therapy of PPI and SI were used for the first line treatment. When combination therapy was not effective, BTX was performed as the second method. Treatment results were recorded as responsible or non-responsible. Farwell grade, size, history of voice abuse, gender, and reflux finding score (RFS) were compared between responsible group and non-responsible group. Results : Initial response rate was 28.6% after treatment of PPI and SI. BTX was performed on three un-responsible patients. After BTX injection, three patients had complete remission of granuloma. Final response rate was 50.0%. Un-responsible group had significantly higher RFS than responsible group. Conclusion : The efficacy of PPI and SI was limited for contact granuloma in this study. Botulium toxin injection was recommended in early phase when PPI and SI did not effective for contact granuloma. Prospective studies evaluating the effects of PPI and SI are warranted.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.72 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

Background: A lung bulla may rarely shrink as a result of an inflammation within the bulla or a closing of a bronchus involved in the inflammation process, which is termed 'autobullectomy'. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical features of patients with regressions of bullae during follow-up. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases and individuals who showed unequivocal evidence of interval regressions in a pre-existing bulla. A total of 477 cases with a bulla >5 cm in diameter were screened manually. Thirty cases with bullae that showed regression during follow-up were selected. Results: Regressions of large bullae occurred in 30 of 477 cases (6.3%). The median age of those patients was 61 (range, 53~66) years and 87% of those patients were men. The main cause of a bulla was emphysema (80%). Among 30 cases, 16 cases had pneumonia in the lung parenchyma of the peribullous area. Another 7 cases had a regressed bulla accompanied by an air-fluid level within the bulla. The remaining 7 cases showed a spontaneous regression of the bulla without such events. Complete regression of a bulla occurred in 25 cases. A follow-up chest-X ray showed that in all cases except one, the bulla remained in a collapsed state after 24 months. Forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) improved in 3 cases and the other 2 cases had increased forced vital capacity (FVC). In addition, total lung capacity (TLC) and residual volume (RV) decreased in another 2 cases. Conclusion: Regression of a lung bulla occurred not only after pneumonia or the presence of air-fluid level within the bulla, but also without such episodes. The clinical course of regression of a lung bulla varied. After regression of a bulla, lung function could be improved in some cases.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2021

Neonatal diabetes mellitus can be categorized as transient, permanent, or syndromic, and approximately half of the cases are transient. We present a case involving a term newborn who showed overt progression of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, with complete remission within 6 months. On the second day of life, the patient presented with tachypnea, hyperglycemia, and decreased serum levels of C-peptide and insulin. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin and continuous glucose monitoring were well tolerated. The patient showed a normal growth pattern, with no hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic episodes at 6 months of age. As it is rare and often asymptomatic, hyperglycemia may be attributed to various factors, including intrauterine environment, perinatal stress, and diverse genetic background. Therefore, consistent blood glucose monitoring and prompt early insulin therapy are crucial for any term newborns with persistent hyperglycemia, to prevent further diabetic complications. Moreover, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and the utilization of continuous glucose monitoring devices are the most effective and practical management strategies.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.5 no.4 s.20
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• pp.252-259
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• 2005

To clarify the clinicopathologic features of small-cell carcinomas (SCC) of the stomach, we reviewed three cases of surgically treated SCC. The first case was a pure SCC, with severe pancreatic invasion and peritoneal seeding. A gastro-jejunostomy was performed. Postoperative chemotherapy was performed with CDDP and VP-16 (8 cycles) but showed disease progression (PD); a consecutive chemotherapy with CDDP and irinotencan (2 cycles) also showed PD. A third line with CDDP, VP16, ifosfamide, and mesna was followed by a 4th line (CDDP and Taxol). The male patient died with liver metastasis and peritoneal seeding 14 months after the operation. The second case was a SCC mixed with a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Profound lymphadenopathy and liver metastasis were found. Two cycles of preoperative chemotherapy with TS-1 and CDDP were performed, which showed nearly complete remission for lymphadenopathy and partial response for the primary tumor site and liver metastatic lesion. A total gastrectomy and extended lymphadenectomy was performed. There were no viable cancer cells in 35 retrieved lymph nodes. Postoperative chemotherapy using the same regimen was performed for 4 cycles. Enlarged liver metastasis was found at the follow-up CT scan, so a posterior segmentectomy of liver was performed. After liver surgery, the chemotherapy regimen was changed to irinotecan and cisplatin. This male patient has been in good health for the f4 months since gastric surgery. The third case was a pure SCC, and a subtotal gastrectomy was performed curatively. That male patient received 5 cycles of TS-1 and is still in good health 14 months after operation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.193-201
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• 2016

Purpose: To assess the clinical outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) for patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma to evaluate the effectiveness of involved field RT with moderate-dose and to evaluate the benefit of 3D-CRT comparing with 2D-RT. Materials and Methods: Between July 2003 and March 2015, 33 patients with stage IE and IIE gastric MALT lymphoma received RT were analyzed. Of 33 patients, 17 patients (51.5%) were Helicobacter pylori (HP) negative and 16 patients (48.5%) were HP positive but refractory to HP eradication (HPE). The 2D-RT (n = 14) and 3D-CRT (n = 19) were performed and total dose was 30.6 Gy/17 fractions. Of 11 patients who RT planning data were available, dose-volumetric parameters between 2D-RT and 3D-CRT plans was compared. Results: All patients reached complete remission (CR) eventually and median time to CR was 3 months (range, 1 to 15 months). No local relapse occurred and one patient died with second primary malignancy. Tumor response, survival, and toxicity were not significantly different between 2D-RT and 3D-CRT (p > 0.05, each). In analysis for dose-volumetric parameters, $D_{max}$ and CI for PTV were significantly lower in 3D-CRT plans than 2D-RT plans (p < 0.05, each) and $D_{mean}$ and V15 for right kidney and $D_{mean}$ for left kidney were significantly lower in 3D-CRT than 2D-RT (p < 0.05, each). Conclusion: Our data suggested that involved field RT with moderate-dose for gastric MALT lymphoma could be promising and 3D-CRT could be considered to improve the target coverage and reduce radiation dose to the both kidneys.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.75-77
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• 2014

Ampulla of Vater (AOV) cancer is rare malignant tumor which arises within the vicinity of the AOV. Metastatic AOV adenocarcinoma has poor prognosis, with an overall survival rate at 2 years ranging from 5 to 10%. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute indicated that lymph node metastasis was present in as many as half of patients which were associated with poor prognosis and liver was the second most common site of distant metastasis in AOV cancer. In this case report, we describe a case of complete resolution of AOV cancer, which was already spread to retroperitoneal lymph node and liver. The patient underwent gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy for palliative aim. After 12 month of chemotherapy, image study showed partial remission, so intraoperative radiofrequency ablation therapy and pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was done. AOV cancer was completely resected and the patient was followed up without recurrence for 7 months.