• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.307-310
• /
• 1998

The present studies were undertaken to evaluate the effects of a low concentration of dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) on in vitro maturation and development of bovine oocytes fertilized in vitro. Significantly more oocytes reached the metaphase stage of the second meiotic division in TCM-199 supplemented with $50{\mu}M$ DMSO than in the control medium (p < 0.05), and the highest rates of development up to the blastocyst stage were obtained when $50{\mu}M$ DMSO was added to the maturation and culture media (p < 0.05). The avarage of cell numbers of the blastocysts, expanded and hatched blastocysts cultured with $50{\mu}M$ DMSO were 81.7, 125.7 and 129.9 cells, respectively. The proportion of blastocysts with normal chromosome numbers was 90.5%. These results suggest that the addition of $50{\mu}M$ DMSO is beneficial for the maturation of bovine oocytes and production of the blastocysts with high quality.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2000

The expression of the mouse $\alpha-amylase$ gene in the methylotrophic yeast, P pastoris was investigated. The mouse $\alpha-amylase$ gene was inserted into the multi-cloning site of a Pichi a expression vector, pPIC9, yielding a new expression vector pME624. The plasmid pME624 was digested with SalI or BglII, and was introduced into P. pastoris strain GSl15 by the PEG1000 method. Fifty-three transformants were obtained by the transplacement of pME624 digested with SaiII or BglII into the HIS4locus $(38\;of\;Mut^+\;clone)$ or into the AOX1 locus $(15\;of\;Mut^s\;clone)$. Southern blot was carried out in 11 transformants, which showed that the mouse $\alpha-amylase$ gene was integrated into the Pichia chromosome. When the second screening was performed in shaker culture, transformant G2 showed the highest $\alpha-amylase$ activity, 290 units/ml after 3-day culture, among 53 transformants. When this expression level of the mouse $\alpha-amylase$ gene is compared with that in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring a plasmid encoding the same mouse $\alpha-amylase$ gene, the specific enzyme activity is eight fold higher than that of the recombinant S. cerevisiae.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제59권sup1호
• /
• pp.121-124
• /
• 2016

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder in phenotypic females that has characteristic physical features and presents as partial or complete absence of the second sex chromosome. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a condition caused by insufficient release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. The concomitant occurrence of TS and GHD is rare and has not yet been reported in Korea. Here we report 2 cases of TS and GHD. In case 1, GHD was initially diagnosed. Karyotyping was performed because of the presence of the typical phenotype and poor response to growth hormone therapy, which revealed 45,X/45,X+mar. The patient showed increased growth velocity after the growth hormone dose was increased. In case 2, a growth hormone provocation test and chromosomal analysis were performed simultaneously because of decreased growth velocity and the typical TS phenotype, which showed GHD and a mosaic karyotype of 45,X/46,XX. The patient showed spontaneous pubertal development. In female patients with short stature, it is important to perform a throughout physical examination and test for hormonal and chromosomal abnormalities because diagnostic accuracy is important for treatment and prognosis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2005

Male pseudohermaphroditism is individuals with Y chromosome whose external appearances fail to develop as expected as a normal male. Cytogenetic form of male pseudohermaphroditism was 46XY but external genital forms were variable. We reviewed data from 7 patients with male pseudohermaphroditism operated in Dong-A University Hospital from January 1996 to August 2002. They all had severe form of hypospadias (pseudovaginal perineoscrotal type). Only 1 of 7 cases was operated urethroplasty by one stage method, and all others by two stage method. Patients with mild chordee were operated by one stage method and patients with severe chordee were operated by two stage method. Complete chordee release was done by Z-plasty or FTSG on the first stage and posterior urethroplasty was done at level of mid-dorsum of shaft at the same time. Anterior urethroplasty was done completely on the second stage. Results were good from the viewpoint of shape and urination. Urethral fistula occurred in two cases, but other complications (infection, urethral stricture, etc.) didn't occur. In conclusion, two stage method was compatible to correct hypospadias in male pseudohermaphroditism, because hypospadias in male pseudohermaphroditism is in severe form.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.518-524
• /
• 1999

Timing of oviposition, nuclear maturation of oocytes, egg-sperm contact and brooding were observed in the giant fresh-water prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii reared in the laboratory. When a pre-spawning molted female was transferred to the male, the female oviposited commonly at 5 to 10 hr after mating. The first polar body were extruded within 2-3 min after spawning. The egg chromosome progressed to release second polar body by 30 min and mitotic nuclear division occurred in 8 hr after spawning. Thumbtack-shaped spermatozoa were seen peneterating egg membrane with their spike directed forward. Transformation of spermatozoa and fertilization membrane could not be observed by light microscopy. The elapsed hours from oviposition to the end of brooding wee taken in 5-7 hr. Brood size for female 9 cm and 18 cm in body length was estimated to be 10,000~15,000 and 100,000 eggs, respectively and is proportional to the total length of the berried females. The ovigerous females reared at chlorinity of 2.21~4.25$\textperthousand$Cl. showed a normal egg development up to hatching.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제22권8호
• /
• pp.903-908
• /
• 2001

The gene aeg-46.5, which is expressed under anaerobic condition, has putative triple -10 regions and four transcription start sites. The mRNA transcription level and its start point change depending on the aerobic/anaerobic growth condition. RNA polymerase and its regulatory proteins must choose which of three -10 region to use. The putative triple 10 region was mutated to make only one of them function with consensus -10 region sequence (TATAAT) and the other two as non-functional region. The results show that the second and third -10 regions are used for the aerobic/anaerobic expression. The third -10 region is responsible for the high aerobic to anaerobic switch ratio. This suggests that only the last two of the putative triple -10 region have functions on aeg-46.5 gene expression switch control. The phenotype of the mutated promoter was tested in the wild type cell and narL - cell. The results indicate that the control by NarL is independent from the selection of -10 region. The expression patterns on multi-copy plasmids and on single-copy chromosome were compared. These results show that the aerobic/anaerobic switch control of aeg-46.5 is through the choice of -10 region. The mechanism of choosing different -10 region remains to be seen.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.252-257
• /
• 2003

인가성 종인 노랑 초파리의 제2염색체를 대상으로, 자연집단과 장기 유지시켜온 실험집단의 생존도 관련 유해유전자의 빈도를 조사하였다. 2년간 연속 조사한 부산 일원 자연집단내의 치사 및 반치사를 포함한 유해유전자의 빈도는 약 14.3∼25.4% 정도로서 년도 의존적 불안정 변이를 보인 반면 집단 형성 후 약 6570일과 약 7300일째의 실험집단내의 동 빈도는 약 26.5∼27.2% 정도로서 매우 안정적인 변이를 나타내고 있었다. 치사유전자 보유 염색체를 대상으로한 동좌율 조사에서는 자연집단에서 0.76%의 낮은 비율인데 반하여 실험집단에서는 9.76∼14.17%의 높은 동좌 비율을 보였다. 완전 정상 유전자 보유 계통만으로 형성, 장기 유지시켜온 실험집단내의 치사유전자의 유발과 축적은 세대를 거듭함에 따라 자연 돌연변이에 의해 6570일 현재 약 14.5%의 안정적 빈도를 보여주었다. 집단 내 치사 유전자의 동형접합체화로 인한 집단 내에서의 제거율은 6570일 현재 약 0.0106 정도이며, 이로부터 환산되는 실험집단내의 유효크기는 약 430개체 정도였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권10호
• /
• pp.1558-1565
• /
• 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the number of loci affecting growth traits and the distribution of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects on growth traits, and to understand the genetic architecture for growth traits in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) using genome-wide association study (GWAS), genomic partitioning, and hierarchical Bayesian mixture models. Methods: GWAS: A single-marker regression-based mixed model was used to test the association between SNPs and causal variants. A genotype relationship matrix was fitted as a random effect in this linear mixed model to correct the genetic structure of a sire family. Genomic restricted maximum likelihood and BayesR: A priori information included setting the fixed additive genetic variance to a pre-specified value; the first mixture component was set to zero, the second to 0.0001×σ²_g, the third 0.001×σ²_g, and the fourth to 0.01×σ²_g. BayesR fixed a priori information was not more than 1% of the genetic variance for each of the SNPs affecting the mixed distribution. Results: The GWAS revealed common genomic regions of 2 Mb on bovine chromosome 14 (BTA14) and 3 had a moderate effect that may contain causal variants for body weight at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. This genomic region explained approximately 10% of the variance against total additive genetic variance and body weight heritability at 12, 18, and 24 months. BayesR identified the exact genomic region containing causal SNPs on BTA14, 3, and 22. However, the genetic variance explained by each chromosome or SNP was estimated to be very small compared to the total additive genetic variance. Causal SNPs for growth trait on BTA14 explained only 0.04% to 0.5% of the genetic variance Conclusion: Segregating mutations have a moderate effect on BTA14, 3, and 19; many other loci with small effects on growth traits at different ages were also identified.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.357-366
• /
• 2010

한우의 유전체 전장의 정보를 Illumina BeadArray$^{TM}$ Bovine SNP50 assay를 이용하여 단일염기다형 현상을 조사한 결과, 유전적 다양성을 보이는 좌위가 약 32,567 좌위 이상에서 다양성을 보이고 있었으며 약 5,554 좌위에서 다양성이 조사되지 않았다. 이는 조사된 자료의 가계집단의 수가 크게 제한되었기 때문에 기인될 수 있으며 또 다른 원인으로는 한우 종축집단의 크기가 작을 수 있다는 현상을 반증한다고 사료된다. 유전분석의 기초가 되는 혈통기록에 의한 개체간 혈연관계를 유전체 정보에 의한 혈연관계와 비교하여 본 결과, 유전체 정보에 의한 혈연관계의 크기가 혈통기록에 의한 혈연관계보다 좀 더 정확하게 추정될 수 있다는 장점이 있으며 혈통기록상의 오류로 그릇된 혈연관계의 크기를 유전체 정보를 통하여 보완할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 이러한 장점을 활용하면 유전체정보를 이용한 유전능력 평가의 정확성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제20권11호
• /
• pp.1634-1639
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 무지개송어 양식 산업의 생산성 향상을 위해 전 암컷 무지개송어 대량생산을 위한 일환으로 성호르몬에 의한 생리학적 성전환과 자성발생 2배체어를 유도하였다. 생리학적으로 성전환된 수컷을 만들기 위하여 부화 후 첫 먹이를 먹는 시기에 웅성호르몬인 17 alpha-methyltestosterone (MT) 5 mg을 사료에 흡착시켜 사육수온 $13^{\circ}C$에서 적산수온 $800^{\circ}C$까지 처리한 결과 96.7%의 수컷 유도율을 보였다. 또한 정상 수컷 정액을 이용하여 수정 10분 후 $28^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 고온 처리하여 61.7%의 자성발생 2배체가 유도되었다.