• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.47-59
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• 2008

With increasing numbers of immigrant workers in Korea, the supply of socially and culturally acceptable housing has become an important issue. The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Goryo-in housing and domestic living conditions in metropolitan areas of Korea. This study will present essential information directly relevant to the establishment of practical housing policy for Goryo-in in Korea. Furthermore, data collected and analyzed here will enable comparative investigation with Goryo-ins who live in Russia and Central Asia. Using ethnographic methodologies, we examined 20 Goryo-in households in relation to their usage of domestic space. The following conclusion were established; 1). The most popular L D K(Living Dining Kitchen)type consisted of kitchen plus one or two bedrooms. The majority of households lived in quarters with separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households had a washing machine in the bathroom due to a lack of space, and they regarded the bathtub and the drain hole of the bathroom as very necessary. The Goryo-ins interviewed preferred quarters with separate bathroom and toilet areas, in order to allow simultaneous use. 3). Their most preferred seating style was chairs, while making Kimchi at home was not very popular. 4). All respondents took their shoes off and wore slippers at home, while also indicating a preference for designated shoes space at the entrance to the house. 5) Half of the households had a carpet or mat in the bedroom or living room, both for keeping warm and aesthetic reasons. 6). All households had modified Ondol heating system and demonstrated satisfaction with this. The majority of Goryo-ins interviewed had a different living style compared to households in Russia and Central Asia which were related to less favorable economic conditions in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 1982

The objective of this study is to apply the modular furniture system, which has been developed actively in western Europe and America since 1970's, to Korean contemporary furniture having converted into western style gradually. The factors requiring the modular furniture system in today's residential environment are as follows; 1. Population increase and urbanization 2. Development of industrial technology 3. Improvement of living condition and change of life style. As these factors increase the problem of diminishing space, multiple functional modular furniture concept has become a solution. Reviewing the current scene of the western modular furniture system, it is classified into modular seating system, mopular wall system, modular commode system and modular storage system. Korean wardrobe, which is am mixed style of traditional and contemporary furniture, should change to a closet eventually because of the grand size and unpractical use of space. Since most Korean family, however, have wardrobes already, it will be necessary to have a turning period to systemized the closet space in Korean residential interior. For the turning period, application of the modular wall system would be one answer to substitute the wardrobe.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.39-53
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Vietnamese housing in Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, it was examined that 22 Vietnamese households in Korea in relation to their usage of housing space. The following conclusion were established; 1). Most of households had kitchen+1 or 2 bedrooms and the majority households preferred separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households had a washing machine in bathroom and they regarded bathtub as not very necessary. They all preferred the bathroom with enough space for using washing machine and hand washing both. 3). Their preferred seating style was using chairs on sleeping as like in Vietnam but they preferred eating without chairs and treated large family and guest without chairs specially. 4). All of them were took their shoes off usually and preferred designated shoes space at the entrance to the house which was not used in Vietnam. 5). A Floor material of all households was vinyl on living room and bedrooms and most of them who had been using tile only in Vietnam preferred vinyl here. 6). All of households had a modified Ondol and most of them who had never been used this before preferred and they regarded as a desirable heating system. 7). They considered the kitchen as the most important housing space and the direction of housing was the one to consider when they built or buy the house.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.55-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Goryoin housing in Uzbekistan and Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, it was examined that 20 Goryoin households in Korea in relation to their usage of housing space firstly and also tried 20 Goryoin households in Uzbekistan with the same method. The following conclusion were established; 1). The majority of households in both areas preferred separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households in both areas had a washing machine in bathroom and they regarded bathtub and the drain hole of the bathroom as very necessary. They all preferred separate bathroom and toilet areas in order to allow simultaneous use. 3). Their preferred seating style was chairs on sleeping and eating especially but they treated large family and guest without chairs in both areas. 4). All of them were took their shoes off and wore slippers at home usually and also had a preference for designated shoes space at the entrance to the house. 5) All of households in Uzbekistan and half of them in Korea had a carpet or mat in the bedroom or living room, both for keeping warm and aesthetic reasons. 6). The heating system of apartment in Uzbekistan was radiator and most of private houses had a modified Ondol with radiator but their preferred heating system was modified Ondol in both areas. 7). They all considered the living room as the most important housing space for family and guest in both areas.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.27-45
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• 2008

This study examines the details and characteristics of prizewinning plans of Cho-Sun housing plan competition promoted by Daily Cho-Sun Company during Japanese colonial period. The main features of Cho-Sun housing plan competition were that the competition held with an application of popular newspaper readers and a judging committee was composed of only Korean architects, especially Park, Gil-Ryong as the president of the board of examiners. Cho-Sun housing plan competition put ideological factors for the improvement of living as like advancing to the cultured(modem) life, respecting for family life, respecting for privacy of family members and so on. First of all, the competition suggested the direction of the improvement of dwelling spaces which focused on making harmonious home life. This study found common characteristics of prizewinning plans of Cho-Sun housing plan competition as the result. First, Cho-Sun housing plan competition introduced a centralized house plan as a model of the improvement of small-sized houses. Second, architectural orders of western or Japanese style mingled with ones of korean traditional style in prizewinning plans as entrance hall, western style reception room(parlour), maid's room, bathroom for example. And a manner of seating using chairs was brought into the style of living which would be assumed in the prizewinning plans. Third, traditional way of composing dwelling spaces was maintained, receiving the characteristics of dwelling spaces of japanese style simultaneously, which central corridor was put at the heart of house for improving arrangement of rooms and flow lines. Fourth, lavatory and bathroom were placed inside of the house.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.15-26
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• 2007

Immigrant workers in Korea who have a multi-cultural background are increasing a need is arising to support them with housing that considers their housing culture. The purpose of this study is to gather information to formulate a plan of ChoSun-Tribe Immigrant Workers in Korea. For this purpose, we investigated to the usage of domestic space and the seating style of ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea. Ethnographic research with a questionnaire was used to analyze 16 households in China and 17 in Korea. The study results were as follows. 1. Most of the ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea thought that the kitchen had to be separated from other areas and also they wanted to have a large kitchen in which they can work comfortably. 2. ChoSun-Tribe members in China used a bathroom as a laundry normally while and ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea didn't think that a bathtub was indispensable in the bathroom. 3. The most uncomfortable feature for ChoSun-Tribe members in Korea was having to use a toilet outside so a toilet should be considered inside of the house. 4. ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea were accustomed to sitting on the floor for their living usually and ChoSun-Tribe members in China used the living room as a multi-purpose room for the family. 5. A modified Ondol system using water pipes under the floor was gaining popularity in China and was the most desirable heating system for ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea also. 6. ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea all took off their shoes inside of the house for hygienic reasons so the space for taking on-off shoes was indispensable. 7. Housing for ChoSun-Tribe immigrant workers in Korea needs to be planned with a good environment lots of sunshine and better ventilation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.420-427
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• 2015

This paper statistically reviewed for the USNCAP frontal crash test results carried out by NHTSA. Vehicle samples were selected on total 20 vehicles which were included on 15 vehicles for MPV&SUV and 5 Pickup. The results was summarized as followings. The performance for the driver was better than the passenger's in the average sense. There exist distinctions between the driver and the passenger on the USNCAP front test procedure, for example dummy size, seating position and airbag style. Therefore these differences originated in the statistical results. Main effect was Neck injury for crash performance on both dummies on the average value. Root cause of neck injury was different for each dummy, ie, the driver caused from Nte & Ntf, but the passenger did absolutely Nte mode. Reliability evaluated from the standard deviation was highly dependent upon chest injury on the driver and neck injury on the passenger. Restraint system was also summarized.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.7
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• pp.13-32
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of housing and domestic living conditions of Vietnamese individuals in Vietnam and Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, It was examined examined 22 Vietnamese households in Korea in relation to their usage of domestic space and also conducted the same investigation on 20 Vietnamese households in Vietnam. The following conclusion were established; 1) The majority of households in both countries preferred that the kitchen was close to the dining room and living room while a kitchen door was not deemed as necessary. 2) In Korea, washing machines are used in the bathroom space, while in Vietnam they are used outside or in a specially designated space. 3) The most uncomfortable aspect of home life in Korea was having the bathroom and toilet in the same space while in Vietnam they are separately spaced. It is recommended that house plans with separate bathroom and toilet area be made available for Vietnamese migrants. 4) Chairs were used in the sleeping area for eating, especially if guests were present, but the floor space was also used for eating. 5) Tile is a typical floor material in Vietnam while vinyl is popular in Korea. However, migrant workers were comfortable with both materials. 6) All 20 households didn't have any heating system in Vietnam but most migrants preferred a modified Ondol in Korea. 7) Most migrants took their shoes off while inside the house in Vietnam and Korea. Furthermore, the majority of households didn’t have any designated shoes space at the entrance to the house in Vietnam and most were satisfied with the same situation in korea. 8) Most households in Vietnam and Korea preferred to decorate their living room with various things or as a place of worship to their ancestors. The direction of house was an important element when deciding to buy or building houses in both countries.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is getting information for making a plan of immigrant workers in Korea. As a first step to suggest plans for immigrant workers who have multi-cultural background, this study investigated to the domestic living of Koreans(ChoSun-Tribe) of Gillim province in China. For this, usage of domestic space questionnaire were used. Results of the research were as follows. 1. The most popular LDK type was the one which kitchen was separated from living room and dining room. Most of them thought that kitchen and living room have to be separated. 2. There was no plan for laundry room specially and most houses have a washing machine in the bathroom. Most houses didn't install a bathtub in the bathroom and they didn't think that it was indispensable. 3. It was estimated that they used a living room as a multi-purpose room for the family but used a master bedroom for its own purpose. 4. They used a table and chair for meals normally but they took meals sitting on the floor with a large family or guest. 5.All of them took off the shoes inside of the house for hygienic reason. There was no plan for the space to take on-off shoes in most houses and they just put the mat on the floor for it. 6. Modified Ondol system which use water pipe under the floor was popular in apartment while most detached houses had traditional Ondol system. The satisfaction about Ondol system was very high compared to other ones and also Ondol system was the most desirable one for ChoSun-Tribe.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.105-125
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• 2020

This study attempts to identify the influence factors on the numbers of visitors and reference room users of public libraries through log-log multiple regression models, using the Korean National Libraries Statistical Data 2018. The fact found is summarized as follows; Even though books collection and seating capacities might be the most important factors in attraction of visitors and reference room users to public libraries in the past when the storage and propagation of knowledge and information was the top function of public libraries, very various and compound factors such as cultural or lifetime education programs, library operation, and user activities have an effect on inducing people to visit and use public libraries at present. This means that these days, public libraries are being transformed into some kinds of comprehensive cultural center where software elements such as cultural programs, user education, events, budget, membership, opening days, building style and age, and group activities rather than hardware elements such as books, literature material, and facilities constitute their essential parts in connection with visitor and user induction.