• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.17-40
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the in-home child care support service experience of twenty child rearing families. In order to conduct this study, grounded theory method was employed. The central phenomenon of the service experience digged out from this study was 'difficulty' (i. e. insecurity and a feeling of helplessness). The causal conditions which brought about the central phenomenon were 'defect of system' and 'service characteristics' The intervening conditions included 'alternative resources' 'working conditions' and 'service institute manager discretion'. The contextual conditions consisted of 'maternal ideology' 'the public nanny's personality awareness'. The action/interaction strategies on the central phenomenon were 'inaction' 'insecurity decrease strategy' and 'dissonance decrease strategy. The final outcome was 'rearing gap fillup "the method of nanny managing" dissatisfaction accumulation' ''system improvement demand'. The families were classified as four types: 'management/subject' 'adaptation/dependent' 'patience/acceptant' 'supplementation/overcoming'. Based on these results, this study provided a few political and practice suggestions to improve this system.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 2020

As competition among global automakers intensifies, demand for materials that are better in price and performance is increasing. While steel and plastic materials compete for automotive fuel tanks, plastic materials have advantages such as light weight for automobiles. However, they have high prices. Accordingly, in this paper, four types of Zn-X plated steel sheets, electroplating (X = none, Sn) and galvannealed (X = Fe, Fe-Mg), were manufactured and their applicability as a fuel tank material was evaluated. Nano-composite coating solution with good conductivity was treated on the surface of plated steels using a roll coater and then cured through induction furnace to improve corrosion resistance. Quality characteristics such as corrosion resistance, fuel resistance to diverse gasoline and diesel fuels, and seam weldability were evaluated for the above plated steels. Their properties were compared and analyzed with conventional Zn-Ni electroplating steels. Among the above plated steels, Zn-Fe-Mg galvannealed steels coated with nano-composite coating exhibited better properties than other steels. Detailed experimental results suggest that evenly distributed Mg elements on the coating layer play a key role in the enhanced quality performance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.69-77
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• 2023

Recently, carbon composites have been applied to various fields. However, carbon composites have not been applied to the fishing vessel field due to its structure standards centered on glass composites. In this study, a structural strength evaluation study was conducted for the application of carbon composites in the fishing vessel field. Hull minimum thickness verification test and hull joint verification test were conducted. Compared to glass composites, the verification was based on equivalent or better performance. The results show that carbon composites can reduce the weight by 20% compared to glass composites. For hull joints, it was necessary to increase the thickness of the joint seam by the thickness of the hull to apply carbon composite. Through this study, a standard for the application of carbon composites to fishing vessel can be established.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.260-267
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• 2015

We investigated the applicability of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a plasticizer in enteric-coated soft capsules based on determination of quality characteristics according to molecular weight and concentration of enteric-coating PEG solution. There was no difference according to molecular weight of PEG, whereas a low PEG concentration in the enteric-coating solution was associated with higher whiteness index and slower disintegration time in pH 6.8 media. Brittleness was observed in the coating film at seam areas in 5% PEG enteric-coating solution after 2 weeks of storage at room temperature. The enteric-coating properties of PEG were compared with those of acetylated monoglyceride (AMG) and triacetin, which are enteric-coating plasticizers. Enteric-coated soft capsule containing PEG as a plasticizer showed a lower whiteness index and faster dissolution profile than AMG and triacetin. Moreover, enteric-coated soft capsule containing AMG and triacetin as plasticizers showed coating film brittleness at seam areas after 2 months of accelerated storage [$40^{\circ}C$, relative humidity (RH) 75%] but no difference at room temperature storage ($25^{\circ}C$, RH 60%). The present study suggests that concentration of PEG is important to determine enteric-coating quality, regardless of the molecular weight of PEG. In conclusion, PEG has potential as a plasticizer due to its transparency and storage stability in enteric-coated soft capsules.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.461-466
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• 2013

This paper examines the characteristics of butt welding joint shrinkage for shipbuilding and marine structures main plate. The shrinkage strain of butt welding joint which is caused by the process of heat input and cooling, results in the difference between dimensions of the actual parent metal and the dimensions of design. This, in turn, leads to poor quality in the production of ship blocks and reworking through period of correction brings about impediment on improvement of productivity. Through experiments on butt welding joint's shrinkage strain on large structures main plate, the deformation of welding residual stress in the form of I, Y, V was obtained. In addition, the results of experiments indicate that there is limited range of shrinkage in the range of 1 ~ 2 mm in 11t ~ 21.5t thickness and the effect of heat transfer of weld appears to be limited within 1000mm based on one side of seam line so there was limited impact of weight of parent metal on the shrinkage. Finally, it has been learned that Shrinkage margin needs to be applied differently based on groove phenomenon in the design phase in order to minimize shrinkage.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.453-464
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• 2008

This study is to examine a relation between coal mining subsidence occurrence at abandoned underground coal mines and underground goaf with respect to surface geology, subsurface structure, depth and thickness of coal beds and the distribution of drifts. A study is carried out at the site where susceptibility of coal mining subsidence was proven high in a previous study. In that previous study, the susceptibility of coal mining subsidence was spatially analyzed by GIS using digitized geological maps, investigation reports, digitized mining tunnel maps without consideration of subsurface structure and the multi-level arrangement of drifts. Here we analyze geological characteristics around the goaf and the distribution of coal seam based upon digitized geological maps and investigation reports on the study area. And digitized mining tunnel maps are also used to analyze the depth and multi-level arrangement of drifts. The results show that weakened surface rock strength, relatively shallow depth and large thickness of coal seam below the surface are closely related to the coal mining subsidence occurrence. Complicatedly inter-connected drifts, shallow depth of drifts and surface rock fractures are revealed as additional control factors affecting coal mining subsidence. These factors examined in this study as well as original factors should be taken into account for the quantitative estimation of coal mining subsidence occurrence at abandoned underground coal mine.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2023

This study presents the experimental results to measure the adsorption amount of methane gas by coal according to the conditions of a coalbed methane (CBM) reservoir. Adsorbed gas to coal seam particles was measured under reservoir conditions (normal pressure ~ 1,200 psi pressure range, temperature range15 ~ 45℃) using coal samples obtained from random mines in Kalimantan Island, North Indonesia. The obtained amount of absolute adsorbed gas was applied to triangular with linear interpolation to calculate the maximum amount of adsorbed gas according to temperature and pressure change, at which no experiment was performed. As a result, it was revealed that the amount of adsorbed gas to coal particles increased as the pressure increased and temperature decreased, but the increase of the amount of adsorbed gas decreased at more than an appropriate depth(1,000 ft). In the cleat permeability and cleat porosity for each depth of the coal bed considering the effective stress, the cleat permeability was 28.86 ~ 46.81 md, and the cleat porosity was 0.83 ~ 0.98%. This means that the gas productivity varies significantly with the depth because the reduction of the permeability according to the depth in the coal seam is significant. Therefore, a coalbed depth should be considered essential when designing the spacing of production wells in a coalbed methane reservoir in further study.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.169-181
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• 2016

This study analyzed the characteristics and patterns of men's drawers panties to get basic data for their design. For this, drawers panties in 7 different brands (4: domestic brands, 3: imported brands) in terms of a front-center shape were collected, and the shape of men's drawers panties, characteristics of the materials, dimensions & type of patterns by the part and front-center patterns were analyzed. The study results found the followings: First, in terms of the shape of men's drawers panties, the front-center part were designed to rest the penis and scrotum in a natural and comfortable manner without a pee slit. They were seamless on the sides except for one product with side seams. Second, the drawer panties were made of elastic polyurethane materials. Specifically, domestic brand items used warm, elastic and durable nylon, polyester and rayon and polyurethanes while imported brands were mostly made of absorbent and sanitary polyurethanes. Third, regarding a size of drawer panties by part, imported brands were large in waist circumference. In terms of waist breadth at the front center, there was difference depending on an oval type. In addition, the front length at the front center differed by product, revealing difference in three-dimensional effect at the front center. The side length also differed greatly by product, which means that there might be a great difference in wear comfort. Fourth, in terms of the patterns of men's drawers panties, there was difference in side seams, center back seam and front-center patterns. Among a total of 7 products, only one product had side seams, and center back seams were found in two products only. Fifth, in terms of front-center patterns, the drawer panties can be divided into three types, creating three-dimensional effect not to give any pressure on the crotch: i) the cutting line only at the bottom of the front center part where the penis is rested, ii) puff created at the front center by adding a transverse line to the center line, iii) cutting transverse line to separate the penis from the testicles.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.5 no.3 s.15
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• pp.15-22
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• 2001

Reliability evaluation of welded structures by mechanical testing of weld heat-affected zones (HAZs) has become general practice throughout the world. HAZs of steel welded Joints show a gradient of microstructure from the fusion line to the unaffected base metal. This study is concerned a correlation between the microstructural change and the fracture characteristics in HAZs of both seam and girth welds of API 5L X65 pipeline steel, which is generally used for natural gas transmission pipelines in Korea. The focus in this study is the investigation of macroscopic fracture behavior of the various regions within HAZ. Changes in microstructure and toughness were observed using actual HAZ specimens. To evaluate the macroscopic toughness of actual HAZ, Charpy V-notch impact test and CTOD test were performed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.23-31
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• 2007

This study was conducted to reproduce the four-piece bodice pattern of a ladies' costume of the 1890's for Korean women in their twenties with a standard body type and average size. Eighteen four-piece bodice patterns of the ladies' costume of the 1890's were collected and drawn to actual size. The front width of the bodice was wider than the back width. The front bust line of the bodice was wider than the sum of the back bust line, the side back bust line and the under-arm gore bust line. The front waist line of the bodice was wider than the sum of the back waist line, the side back waist line and the under-arm gore waist line. The angles of the two waist darts of the bodice were very big but the legs of the dart were too short. The center front line of the bodice was oblique and curved. The angle of the back shoulder line of the bodice was bigger than the angle of front shoulder line. The shoulder seam line of the bodice was not placed on the top of the shoulder but behind the shoulder. The pattern characteristics of the bodice created a woman's silhouette that emphasized the volume of the bust, a chicken breast and a slim waist. The study pattern which had the characteristics of the four-piece bodice of the 1890's was designed like for Korean women in their twenties who have a standard body type and an average size through modifications based on the evaluation of two dressing occasions. The study pattern was evaluated to have the silhouette of the 1890's and to fit Korean women.