• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.801-806
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• 2014

Long-term change in sea level along the eastern coast of Korea was illustrated using four tide-gauge station (Pohang, Mukho, Sokcho, Ulleung) data, water temperature and salinity. Seasonal variation in the sea level change was dominant. The sea level change by steric height derived from water temperature and salinity was relatively lower than that measured from the tide-gauge stations. Sea level rising rate per year by steric height increased with latitude. The effect of salinity(water temperature) on the sea level change is greater in winter(in summer).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.220-223
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• 2003

Hematology and serum chemistry data were collected over a 12-yr period for California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) in Everland zoological Gardens. The objective of this study was to determine hematology and serum chemistry values for the California sea lion lived in fresh-water captive environment, including a comparison between male and female. The results didn't show any difference between male and female in statistics. However, hyponatremia was shown in some case compared with reported blood data of California sea lion. That was supposed that it was associated with a fresh-water captive environment.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1999

Fatigue crack growth rates in commercial plate of high strength Al 7075-T651 were investigated for the T-L direction in air, water and sea water. In this paper the effect of cyclic load wave-form(trapezoid and triangle) on fatigue crack growth rates in air, water and sea water environments were investigated using standard LEFM testing procedures. It was founded that the fatigue crack growth behaviors were not affected by cyclic load wave-forms. In region II (stable crack growth region), the fatigue crack growth behaviors were insensitive to cyclic load wave-forms and were sensitive to environment i.e. fatigue crack growth behaviors were higher in sea water than in air for all cyclic load wave-form. The result of fractographical morphology in air, water and sea water by SEM showed obvious dimple rupture and typical striation in air, but transgranular fracture surface in water and sea water. The values m are not affected by corrosion environments but C are different values.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2022

The Ross Sea, Antarctica plays an important role in the formation of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) which is the densest water mass in global thermohaline circulation. Of the AABW, 25% is formed in the Ross Sea, and sea ice formation at the polynya (ice-free area) developed in front of ice shelves of the Ross Sea is considered as a pivotal mechanism for AABW production. For this reason, monitoring the Ross Sea variations is very important to understand changes of global thermohaline circulation influenced by climate change. In addition, the Ross Sea is also regarded as a natural laboratory in investigating ice-ocean interactions owing to the development of the polynya. In this article, I introduce characteristics of the Ross Sea described in previous observational studies, and investigate variations that have occurred in the Ross Sea in the past and those taking place in the present. Furthermore, based on these observational results, I outline variations or changes that can be anticipated in the Ross Sea in the future, and make an appeal to researchers regarding the importance and necessity of continuous observations in the Ross Sea.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.346-351
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is analyzing the performance of sea water cooling system under various refrigerant pipe length. In sea water cooling system, the increase of refrigerant pipe length cause increases of pressure drops. These pressure drops cause fresh gas in liquid pipe and increase specific volume in gas pipe outlet, so sea water cooling system capacity is decreased by decrease of refrigerant mass flow rate. Sea water cooling system capacity in refrigerant pipe length 70m is decreased more than 30% when compared with pipe length 10m and the decrease of the coefficient of performance is nearly 20%.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.180-183
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• 2008

This paper is about the ocean current power generation using sea water incoming into the lake surrounded by barrages and sea water discharged from a dam made of artificial structures. In operation of a tidal power plant, the sea water discharged from a turbine structure and a gate structure of a tidal power plant is faster than the tidal current caused by tides in nature and has better characteristics than that to run ocean current turbines. It is shown that the sea water discharged after generating electricity through a turbine generator of a tidal power plant and the sea water discharged from a gate structure of a tidal dam still have kinetic energy high enough to run an ocean current turbine and produce valuable electricity.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.601-608
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mouthrinse products containing deep sea water. We used original deep sea water(DSW) and processed deep sea water desalinated by reverse osmosis at one time(DDW-1), by reverse osmosis at two times(DDW-2) and concentrated by reverse osmosis(CDW). We made 2 kinds of mouthrinse products containing CDW and other agents for smell and taste and one product without deep sea water. The negative control was distilled water. In vivo study, the dental plaque index scores and the gingival index scores were reduced after 4 weeks mouthrinsing three times daily with 4 kinds of deep sea water and 3 kinds of mouthrinse products(p<0.05). The pH of dental plaque in 1 minute after mouthrinsing was not higher than 5.5 in all solutions, but the pH in 20 minutes after mouthrinsing was higher than 5.7 in DSW, CDW and 3 kinds of products which had higher mineral contents. In vitro study, the mouthrinse solutions containing the higher mineral contents were also the more effective in reduction of methyl mercaptan which is one of the causes of halitosis. The 2 kinds of products containing deep sea water killed Streptococcus mutans(ATCC 25175) in culture plates in one minute. These results indicate the usability of deep sea water in mouthrinses for oral hygiene management.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.327-339
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• 2003

겨울철인 1998년 2월과 1999년 1월, 4월에 남해와 동중국해 북부해역에서 형성되는 전선의 분포와 구조를 파악하기 위하여 광역의 종합해양관측을 수행하였다. 관측해역에서 구분된 수계들은 대마난류기원 고온수, 황해냉수(북부냉수 혹은 중앙냉수) 그리고 남해저온수로 분류된다. 황해남부 해역에서는 제주도 서쪽을 우회하여 제주해협으로 유입하는 대마난류기원 고온수가 '┍'자 형태의 기본적 전선을 이루며 대흑산도 남쪽에 황해중앙냉수와 그리고 양자천퇴 동부에서 황해북부냉수와 만나고 있다. 이 전선은 고온수가 황해 북서부로 확장하는 세기에 의해 전선 모서리 형태와 위치가 달라진다. 양자천퇴 부근과 한반도 남서단 외측에서의 전선위치와 구조도 관측시기에 따라 변화한다 남해 전선에서는 연안 저온수가 국지적 냉각에 의해 독립적으로 형성된 수계로서 해저사면을 따라 침강한다. 이러한 겨울철 전선분포의 변화와 전선구조가 변화되는 과정은 탁월풍에 의한 순풍류 및 역풍류, 해수면을 통한 열수지 그리고 전선사이의 밀도차이에 의한 것으로 설명되었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

Fatigue crack growth rates(i.e. crack initiation and crack growth of short and long crack) are investigated using commercial plates of high strength Al alloy 7075-T651 for the transverse-longitudinal(T-L) direction in air, water and sea water. Also, the evaluation direct current potential drop(D.C.P.D) method and the fractographical analysis by SEM are carried out. Near threshold region, short crack growth rates were much faster than those of comparable long cracks, and these short crack growth rates actually decrease with increasing crack growth and eventually merge with long crack data. Fatigue crack propagation rates in aggressive media(i.e. sea water) increase noticeably over three times those in air. One of the most significant characters in this phenomenon as a corrosion-fatigue causes an acceleration in crack growth rates. Sea water environment, particularly Cl$^{[-10]}$ solution brings the most detrimental effects to aluminum alloy. The result of fractographical morphology in air, water and sea water by SEM shows obvious dimpled rupture and typical striation in air, but transgranular fracture surface in water and sea water.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제33권1-2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

In the western Weddell Sea, winter mixed layer is characterized by near-freezing temperature and higher salinity due to brine injection through sea-ice formation. This layer becomes Winter Water being capped by warmer and less saline Antarctic Surface Water during the sea-ice melt-ing season. In this study, Winter Water was preliminarily identified by the oxygen isotopic com-positions. The ${\delta}^{18}$O values of Winter Water show the progressively increasing trend from south to north in the study area. It presumably reflects the enhanced mixing with Antarctic Surface Water due to the extent of influence by low S'"0 value of sea-ice/glacier meltwater. Correlations between salinity and 6'"0 values of seawater can be used to more generally characterize Winter Water with a view to identification. However, the prediction on the degree of mixing from these relationships needs more detailed isotope data, although this study allows the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater as a tracer to identify the water mass.