• Atmosphere
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 2009

A strong negative correlation has been detected between the North Pacific Oscillation Index (NPI) and the Effective Drought Index (EDI) in May over Korea. In May of positive NPI year, anomalous patterns caused a drought in Korea as follows: the anomalous south-low, north-high low-level pressure patterns in the northeast and southeast of Korea have strengthened the anomalous northerlies to Korea. In addition, these anomalous northerlies have prevented western North Pacific (WNP) high from moving northward. As a result, anomalous descending flows have strengthened in the mid-latitude region in East Asia. In the WNP, the anomalous south-high, north-low sea surface temperature (SST) has been widely distributed, which has strengthened anomalous south-low, north-high low-level pressure patterns. These anomalous characteristics of pressure and SST patterns observed in May of positive NPI years have already been detected in previous winter (December-February) and early spring (March, April). In addition, the anomalous negative sea ice concentration in the North Pacific during two seasons has strengthened the anomalous anticyclonic circulation in the same region and in turn made a contribution to formation of anomalous south-low, north-high pressure patterns in May.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.443-452
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• 2006

Today, satellite remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) plays an important role as an advanced science and technology. This study was developed a Line Density Algorithm which was clarify and describe the thermal front by using NOAA SST (sea surface temperature) and GIS spatial analysis for systemic and effective management of fish raising industry and sea environmental pollution by land reclamation program. Before this, a study about a interpolation method was carry out which was very important for estimate the hidden value between a special point. For this study Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation, Spline interpolation, Kriging interpolation methods were choose and SST data from 2001 to 2004 in spring (March, April, May) were analyzed. According to the study Kriging interpolation method was the very adaptive method from a practical point of view and excellent in description and precision then others. Finally, the result of this study will be use for develope the Line Density Index Algorism.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.945-953
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• 2005

Daily time series of longshore sea surface temperature (SST) data at 3 stations, sea surface SST data at 58 stations in the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsular from 2001 to 2005 were used in order to study the temporal and spatial variations of the upwelling coastal cold water occurred in summer season. When the cold water occurred, SST has been decreased more than $-5^{\circ}C$ in a day. The cold water occurred frequently in the eastern coastal areas of Korea such as Ulgi, Kampo, Jukbyun. Daily variations of cold water temperature were quantified using remote control buoy system at Kijang in the southeastern coastal water from July to August in 2004. Hourly variations of SST occurred around $\pm3^{\circ}C$ when cold water disappeared at Kijang. There were close relationship between the strength of East Korean Warm Current, North Korean Cold Water and the scale of spatio-temporal cold water variations in summer season.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.224-224
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• 2015

The East Asia monsoon is one of the most complex atmospheric phenomena caused by Land-Sea thermal contrast. It plays essential role in fulfilling the water needs of the region but also poses stern consequences in terms of flooding and droughts. This study analyzed the influence of Global Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA) on occurrence of droughts in the East Asia monsoon region ($20^{\circ}N-50^{\circ}N$, $103^{\circ}E-149^{\circ}E$). Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was employed to characterize the droughts over the region using 30-year (1978-2007) gridded rainfall dataset at $0.5^{\circ}$ grid resolution. Due to high variability in intensity and spatial extent of monsoon rainfall the East Asia monsoon region was divided into the homogeneous rainfall zones using cluster analysis method. Seven zones were delineated that showed unique rainfall regimes over the region. The influence of SSTA was assessed by using lagged-correlation between global gridded SSTA ($0.2^{\circ}$ grid resolution) and SPI of each zone. Sea regions with potential influence on droughts in different zones were identified based on significant positive and negative correlation between SSTA and SPI with a lag period of 3-month. The results showed that SSTA have the potential to be used as predictor variables for prediction of droughts with a reasonable lead time. The findings of this study will assist to improve the drought prediction over the region.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.677-683
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• 2017

In this study, we examined responses to Sea Surface Temperature (SST) as the result of an intensive heat wave that took place in August 2016 and the cross correlation between SST and Air Temperature (AT) in August 2016. The data used included the SST of 8 ocean buoys, provided by the National Institute of Fisheries Science, and the AT of AWS near those 8 ocean buoys recorded every hour. To identify an appropriate data period, on FIR filter was applied. Two locations in the south sea were selected to be observed over similar a period, with a high correlation coefficient of about 0.8 and a time lag of about 50 hours between AT and SST. For the yellow sea, due to shallow waters and tidal currents, SST showed a rapid response caused by changes in AT. The east sea showed a negative correlation between AT and SST because of significant water depth and marine environment factors. By identifying the time lag between AT and SST, damage to aquatic organisms can be minimized, and we expect to develop a rapid response system for damage to the fishery industry caused by extreme heat waves.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.395-401
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• 1996

In this paper, the propagation characteristics due to the horizontal water temperature variations in the sea such as thermal fronts is analyzed by the ray theory. Two models for the temperature anomaly layer are chosen. One is a plane type and the other is a cylindrical type. In the plane type, the temperature increases linearly from a isothermal region to 5km with the gradient of about $2^{\circ}C.$/km, and decreases with the same gradient in next 5km. In the cylindrical type, water temperature increases only with the same gradient from a half cylindrical thermal boundary surface. The result showed that the gradient of acoustic rays decreases in the temperature increasing region and vice versa in temperature decreasing region. And, the transmission loss due to the temperature variation was less than O.2dB in the plane type model as well as in the cylindrical one.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.601-608
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to explore the long-term variability of sea surface temperature (SST) and cluster analysis derived from in-situ data in the coastal oceanographic observation 8 stations (Sokcho, Jumunjin, Donghae, Jukbyeon, Pohang, Janggigab, Ulgi, Gampo) of the East Sea during 1971-2013. As a result of cluster analysis, SST variations in each area could be divided into two groups, which was a group A of Sokcho, Jumunjin, Donghae, and group B of Jukbyeon, Pohang, Janggigab, Ulgi, Gampo. The SST and SST anomalies at Sokcho, Jukbyeon, Pohang and Gampo during 1971-2013 showed the increase-trend with the variations of decadal-scale. Annual SST values also increased remarkably after 1988. The increases of SST for 43 years showed $2.26^{\circ}C$ at Sokcho, $1.99^{\circ}C$ at Jukbyeon, $1.11^{\circ}C$ at Pohang and $0.89^{\circ}C$ at Gampo. In particular, the SST variations of the northern areas were higher than those of southern areas. The seasonal SSTs increased the order of Sokcho-Jukbyeon-Pohang-Gampo in fall and winter and that of Jukbyeon-Sokcho-Pohang-Gampo in spring and summer.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.598-603
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• 2002

We summarize the activities concerning to the space-borne microwave radiometer (RAD) calibration and validation (Cal/Val) in China. It is important to know in advance the brightness temperature of a given sea surface before external calibrating RAD due to its special characteristic of system. In the paper, we analyse some modeling results on sea surface emissivity and atmospheric transmissivity at different frequencies, and compare the calculated brightness temperatures with those measurements from some air-borne microwave radiometers. We also introduced the whole contents on RAD Val and developed two methods of retrieving sea surface winds. We compared the retrievals of wind speeds to those from NDBC buoys. At last, we introduce some plans of Cal/Val for testing our RAD.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.340-345
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• 2003

This study, as a basic study for establishing a influence forecasting/estimating model when drain the deep sea water to the ocean after using it, carried out studies as follows; 1) estimating the amount of river discharge and pollutant loads inflowing into the developing region of deep sea water in East Sea, Korea 2) a field observation of tidal current, vertical distribution of water temperature and salinity, and 3-D numerical experiment of tidal current to analysis physical oceanographic status. The amount of river discharge flowing into the study area was estimated about $462.6{times}10^{3}m^{3}/day$ of daily mean in 2002 year. annual mean pollutant load of COD, TN and TP were estimated 7.02 ton-COD/day, 4.06 ton-TN/day and 0.39 ton/day, respectively. Field observation of tidal current results usually show about $20{\sim}40cm/sec$ of current velocity at the surface layer, it indicated a tendency that the current velocity decreases under 20cm/sec as the water depth increases. We could find a stratification within approximately the depth of 30m in field observation area, and the depth increases. We could find a stratification within approximately the depth of 30m in field observation area, and the differences of water temperature and salinity between the surface layer and bottom layer were about $18^{\circ}C$ and 0.8 psu, respectively. On the other hand, we found that there was a definite as the water mass of deep sea water about 34 psu of salinity.

• Atmosphere
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.229-239
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• 2005

The effect of inversion layer on the land and sea breeze near the Gangneung city was investigated. The land and sea breeze occurrence days were selected, and the height and the intensity of inversion layer were calculated with the upper air observational data of the Sokcho Station. The relationships between the temperature variation near the Gangneung and the inflow time, inland penetration and the inflow depth of the land and sea breeze were also analyzed. And the Gangwon Short-range prediction system was verified with the comparison of surface stream line by the Gangwon short-range prediction system with the AWS wind vector data. It was revealed that the inversion layer tended to block the sea breeze, shorten the inland penetration distance and lower the inflow depth, causing the temperature rise. The comparison and analysis of surface steam line by the Gangwon short-range prediction system and the AWS wind vector showed that the system quite well simulated the sea breeze, thus the system could be well utilized in the prediction of land and sea breeze.