• 지역연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.43-63
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• 2015

본 연구는 시장구조와 연구개발활동 간의 관계를 실증적으로 분석한다. 특히, 연구개발활동의 성과가 특허 등을 통해 법적으로 보호받을 수 있기 전까지 지리적으로 인접한 경쟁기업들에 의해 모방이나 도용이 가능하다면, 이는 클럽재(club good)와 같아서 이의 시장구조를 정의함에 있어 지리적 범위가 국가 전체가 아닌 시군구로 한정될 필요가 있다. "중소기업기술통계조사"를 이용한 본 연구의 분석결과에 의하면, 지역-산업 내 경쟁이 아닌 독과점의 시장구조가 형성될 때 중소기업의 연구개발투자가 보다 활발히 이뤄진다. 하지만, 시장구조를 나타내는 변수를 시군구가 아닌 16개 광역시도, 6개 권역, 혹은 국가 전체에 걸쳐 정의하는 경우 이러한 시장구조와 연구개발활동 간의 관계가 약해지는 것으로 나타난다. 더불어, 연구개발투자를 이의 조달처에 따라 구분하는 경우 해당 기업의 내부 자금에 의한 연구개발투자에 한해 독과점 시장에서 연구개발투자가 보다 활발함을 볼 수 있다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권4B호
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• pp.640-645
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• 2000

이동 에이전트 언어에서 이동성은 중요한 문제중의 하나이다. 에이전트가 이동할 수 있는 범위의 크기는 에이전트가 사용자에게 서비스할 수 있는 일의 범위와 밀접한 연관을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서 도입한 위치 개념은 이동 에이전트의 목적지를 논리적, 물리적, 에이전트 위치로 구분하여 정의함으로써 에이전트의 활동 범위를 다양화 할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 논문은 에이전트 언어에 위치개념을 지원하기 위해 에이전트의 생성, 삭제, 실행을 기술해 주는 자바클래스 및 기술된 프로그램을 네트워크에 연결된 컴퓨터에 구동시키는 에이전트의 서비스 시스템을 설계 구현하였다. 이러한 에이전트 언어에 위치개념의 도입은 에이전트의 이동성을 향상시키며, 이러한 에이전트는 사용자에게 보다 나은 서비스를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 항공우주산업기술동향
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2008

유럽의 우주비행체 시뮬레이터는 요구사항의 증가와 함께 우주비행체 개발 비용에서 높은 비율을 차지하여 개발 비용 절감과 개발 기간 단축의 압력에 직면하고 있다. 현재 유럽은 유럽우주국을 중심으로 다양한 우주프로젝트 경험을 이용하여 소프트웨어 자체의 재사용 연구뿐만 아니라 소프트웨어 요구사항, 설계 노하우, 개발방법론, 경험 등 우주 프로젝트 간의 광범위한 자원 재사용 연구를 활발히 진행하고 있다. 재사용 연구 결과는 시뮬레이션 모델의 표준 제정과 시뮬레이터 개발 프로세스의 효율성 증대로 나타나고 있으며 후속 프로젝트에 적용되어 효과를 입증하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 최근 유럽의 우주비행체 시뮬레이터의 연구동향 추세와 시뮬레이터 소프트웨어 개발 동향을 기술한다.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제34권
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• pp.36.1-36.12
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• 2022

Background: Many studies have been conducted to investigate the harmful effect of shift work on physical and mental health. Although, by definition, "working evening shift" is included in the scope of shift work, most related studies conducted thus far have focused on working night shifts, overtime work, or different types of shift work, with little research effort dedicated to "working evening shifts." Therefore, to fill this research gap, we investigated the effect of working evening shifts on workers' mental health. Methods: The participants of this study were 16,692 employees of the 50,205 that participated in the 5th wave of the Korean Working Conditions Survey. We performed χ² test and logistic regression analysis to analyze the effects of independent variables on health problems and calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In the logistic regression analysis adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and work-related characteristics, employees who worked evening shifts showed higher levels of depression and anxiety compared to those that did not. In particular, the adjusted odds ratios of the group working evening shifts between one and nine times a month were the highest with 2.723 (95% CI: 2.014-3.682) for depression, 3.294 (95% CI: 2.547-4.259) for anxiety. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that working evening shifts has a negative effect on employees' mental health. This trend decreased with an increase in the monthly frequency of evening work.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.467-480
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• 2019

Standard estimates are the numerical data of a unit quantity required for construction work such as the amount of materials, manpower, and the use of equipment required and are also a basis to calculate construction costs. Unfortunately, standard estimates for construction have also been used for garden construction these days as no standard estimates for garden construction have been developed or documented until now. As a result, many problems have arisen at garden construction sites since landscape construction and garden construction differ in terms of scope, size, design and construction methods. The purpose of this study was to develop standard estimates for garden construction for proper calculation of the cost of garden construction and to ensure gardens are created following appropriate construction processes. In order to develop standard estimates for garden construction, a preliminary survey was conducted on experts to understand current issues at first. After that, a questionnaire survey was done to examine problems of construction processes and ways of improvement, and on-site inspections were conducted utilizing CCTVs at construction sites to identify the actual amount of manpower required on site. Based on the results of the surveys and on-site inspections, a draft version of standard estimates for 5 types of planting work for garden construction was developed. Developing standard estimates for garden construction will serve as a stepping stone for the transparent and proper compensation for garden construction work, which will not only contribute to addressing issues between consumers and construction companies, but also to the stabilization of market economy and job creation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2015

The fast neutron reactor BOR-60 is one of the key experimental facilities worldwide to perform large-scale tests of fuel, absorbing, and structural materials for advanced reactors. The BOR-60 reactor was put into operation in December 1969, and by the end of 2014 it had been operating on power for ~265,000 hours. BOR-60 still demonstrates potential capabilities to extend the lifetime of sodium-cooled fast reactors. The BOR-60 lifetime should have expired at the end of 2014. Over the past few years, a great scope of work has been performed to justify the possibility of extending its lifetime. The work included inspection of the equipment conditions, calculations and experimental research on operating parameters and the conditions of nonremovable components, investigation of the structural material samples after their long-term operation under irradiation, etc. Based on the results of the work performed, the residual lifetime was evaluated and the reactor operator made a decision to extend the lifetime period of the BOR-60 reactor. After considering both a set of documents about the reactor conditions and the positive decision of independent experts, the Regulatory Authority of the Russian Federation extended the BOR-60 operating license up to 2020.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.621-630
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• 2018

In the note a comprehensive and optimal passive-active mode for describing the limit failure of circular shallow tunnel with settlement is put forward to predict the catastrophic stability during the geotechnical construction. Since the surrounding soil mass around tunnel roof is not homogeneous, with tools of variation calculus, several different curve functions which depict several failure shapes in different soil layers are obtained using virtual work formulae. By making reference to the simple-form of Power-law failure criteria based on numerous experiments, a numerical procedure with consideration of combination of upper bound theorem and stochastic medium theory is applied to the optimal analysis of shallow-buried tunnel failure. With help of functional catastrophe theory, this work presented a more accurate and optimal failure profile compared with previous work. Lastly the note discusses different effects of parameters in new yield rule and soil mechanical coefficients on failure mechanisms. The scope of failure block becomes smaller with increase of the parameter A and the range of failure soil mass tends to decrease with decrease of unit weight of the soil and tunnel radius, which verifies the geomechanics and practical case in engineering.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.93-108
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• 2016

Rethinking and re-conceptualization of knowledge organization has become necessary as a result of recent changes brought by digitization, networked resources, and interdisciplinary shifts. This paper calls for a review of curriculum and changes in teaching approaches to respond to these changes. The paper suggests expanding the scope of knowledge organization by adding new topics, and recommends placement of these topics in different courses (introductory or foundation courses, core or required courses, and electives or specialized courses) for a balanced approach. The paper also proposes a change in the mindset about the target of these courses and recommends knowledge organization work be extended from institutions to individuals. It is also suggested that knowledge organization work responsibilities are broadened to involve authors, knowledge workers, and information users rather than restricting it only to trained information professionals. The paper highlights that the digital environment makes it necessary to change the context for teaching KO courses and goes beyond the collection of information resources and addresses personal information management needs as well. The paper concludes that fundamental changes tantamount to re-conceptualization of the area of knowledge organization, which is expected to open up new opportunities for information graduates aspiring to work in information environment beyond libraries.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2022년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.161-164
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• 2022

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) schemes have been recently growing as a reliable solution to preserve users' information owe to maintaining and operating the user data in the encrypted state. In addition to that, several Neural Networks models merged with HE schemes have been developed as a prospective tool for privacy-preserving machine learning. Those mentioned works demonstrated that it is possible to match the accuracy of non-encrypted models but there is always a trade-off in the computation time. In this work, we evaluate the implementation of CKKS HE scheme operations over the layers of a LeNet5 convolutional inference model, however, owing to the limitations of the evaluation environment, the scope of this work is not to develop a complete LeNet5 encrypted model. The evaluation was performed using the MNIST dataset with Microsoft SEAL (MSEAL) open-source homomorphic encryption library ported version on Python (PyFhel). The behavior of the encrypted model, the limitations faced and a small description of related and future work is also provided.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2023

The main objective of this study is to propose a method to enhance building safety using the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) schema in Building Information Modeling (BIM). To achieve this goal, a fire object relationship diagram is created by using the Model View Definition (MVD) and Property Set (Pset) methodology, as well as the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) based object relationship analysis. The proposed method illustrates how to represent objects and tasks related to fire prevention and human safety during a building fire, including variables that are relevant to these aspects. Furthermore, the proposed method offers the advantage of considering both the IFC object hierarchy and the project work hierarchy when creating new objects, thereby expanding the attribute information for fire safety and maintenance. However, upon confirmation via an IFC viewer after development, a problem with the accuracy of mapping between attributes and objects arises due to the issue of proxy representation of related object information and newly added object information in standard IFC. Therefore, in future research, a mapping method for fire safety objects will be developed to ensure accurate representation, and the scope of utilization of the fire safety object diagram will be expanded. Furthermore, efforts will be made to enhance the accuracy of object and task representation. This research is expected to contribute significantly to the technological development of building safety and fire facility design in the future.