• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2009

In this paper, A localized electromotion scooter controller for the senior and disabled is developed. Recently, the population which uses the electromotion wheel chair or electromotion scooter is increasing. The reason is that the electromotion wheel chair and electromotion scooter were newly applied in medical treatment grant item. In the whole world, electromotion scooter controller is coming to be produced above a hundred of millions. The products produced are consuming from most Europe and North America. the demand is increasing rapidly in Korea. The electromotion scooter which is sold to domestic is about 40,000 units, and about 70% or more in the products are imported from the foreign nation. Also controller for electromotion scooter uses the foreign nation product. Consequently, as the localized electromotion scooter controller is developed, it will be able to expect an income substitution effect, and apply to the agriculture and leisure mobile equipment parts.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2022

Recently, the popularization of personal mobility(PM) has made it possible to see many electric scooters. The energy source of personal transportation used by the general public and the disabled can be seen as environmentally friendly as electricity. Personal transportation means are divided into small electric vehicles because they use electric energy, and they are being treated as new models by automobile manufacturers in each country and spurring development. On the other hand, personal transportation means may cause various types of traffic accidents as they travel between roads and a human walk. In order to prevent such accidents, it is judged that the enactment of laws on the establishment of specifications for electric scooters, which are personal transportation means, and the method of restricting road operation should be given priority. The electric scooter is basically different from the conventional vehicle. The steering shaft of the steering system applied to the electric scooter one to two is possible. 1 to 2 the front-wheel under the steering column is used. It is classified according to the number of wheel installed at the electric scooter is the vehicle body into 2 wheel - electric scooter, and 3 wheel - electric scooter and 4 wheel - electric scooter. In this study, we propose a steering shaft design model that can be applied to an electric scooter, one of personal transportation means. A design model for 1-shaft steering and 2-shafts steering that can be applied to electric scooters is proposed. In addition, we have produced the prototypes for the commercialization of the proposed models, and reviewed the pros and cons of the manufactured prototypes and models.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.219-221
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• 2002

This paper presents an electric scooter development using blushless DC motor. In recent scooters was to develop for sport leisure and short transportation. Most of scooter are used petroleum gas. This gas scooter has disadvantage to pollute the air. Some of scooters have developed by DC motor which require a brush. However brushless motors have higher maximum speed and greater capacity, save maintenance labour and produce less noise. There is also greater freedom in planing the usage of brushless motors. In this paper we develop an electric scooter driving BLDC motor for design smart system and control speed of scooter with current reference signal to apply voltage to motor by means of three phase inverter. Using accelerator device we generate current reference to control speed and send the current to a MICOM by A/D converter. This MICOM produces the voltage signal and hall sensors signal and PWM controller drive three phase inverter to minimize error between the reference and an actual current.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2307-2316
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• 2017

The aim of this paper is to provide an optimal design of in-wheel motor for an electric scooter (E-scooter) considering economical production. The preliminary development in-wheel motor, which has a direct-driven outer rotor type attached to the E-scooter's rear wheel without any gear, is introduced first. The objective of the optimal design of this in-wheel motor is to improve the output characteristics of the motor and to have a stator form to facilitate automatic winding. Response surface methodology was used for the optimal design and 2-dimensional finite element method was used for electro-magnetic field analysis. Experimental results showed that the designed and fabricated in-wheel motor could satisfy the required specifications in terms of speed, power, efficiency, and cogging torque.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2012

Recently, most of the countries started to regulate the emission of vehicle because of the global warming. The engine scooter is also one of the factor which cause the pollution. The hybrid system of a vehicle has many advantages such as fuel saving and emission reduction. The purpose of this study is to choose optimal size of engine, motor and battery for hybrid scooter system using Dynamic programming. The dynamic programming is an effective method to find an optimal solution for the complicated nonlinear system, which contains various constraints of control variables. The power source size of hybrid scooter was chosen through the backward simulator using dynamic programming. From the analysis, we choose the optimal size of each power source. To verify the optimal size of the power source, the Forward simulation was carried out. As a result, the fuel efficiency of hybrid scooter has significantly increased in comparison with that of engine scooter.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2022

Purpose: The recent increase in electric scooter (e-scooter) use has been accompanied by an increase in injuries from e-scooter-related accidents. Studies have reported that most such injuries are minor, and physicians may therefore underestimate the severity of such injuries. This study investigated the types and severity of injuries caused by isolated e-scooter accidents (i.e., those that did not involve colliding with other cars or falling from heights). Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from May to December 2021 at Dankook University Hospital tertiary medical center. The demographic data of patients injured in isolated e-scooter-related accidents were collected. All injuries were categorized by body part. Results: Fifty eligible patients visited our emergency department during the study period. Of these, 76% were categorized as nonemergency, and 62% were discharged after initial evaluation and treatment at the emergency department. Another 10% were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and 18% to the ward, with nine patients receiving at least one operation. The average hospital stays were 2.4 days in the ICU and 9 days in the ward. One death occurred due to traumatic brain injury (overall mortality rate, 2%). Multiple fractures of the left third through ninth ribs combined with lung laceration and fractures of T12 and L4 were noted. Conclusions: Various types and severities of injuries can occur in isolated e-scooter accidents. While most such injuries are minor, some will require ICU admission or surgery, and deaths can occur. Physicians should not underestimate the severity of such injuries.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2023

정확한 전동킥보드 중장기수요예측은 지역별 수요공급 불균형 문제해결 및 MaaS 등 연계교통체계 마련을 위해 필요하다. 공유 전동킥보드의 지역별 발생-유입량을 예측하는 연구는 많지만, 공유 전동킥보드의 존간 통행분포를 예측하는 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 공유 전동킥보드의 통행분포모형 추정을 위한 적정 존단위를 선정하고자 하였다. 분석 대상 존단위는 250m, 500m, 750m, 1,000m 정사각형 그리드로 설정하였다. 공유 전동킥보드 이용 이력 데이터는 각 공간 단위별 통행거리, 통행시간 계산 및 중력모형 도출을 위해 활용되었다. 평균제곱오차는 각 중력모형의 적정성을 검증하는데 활용되었다. 분석 결과, 250m 그리드가 실제 공유킥보드 통행분포를 가장 잘 묘사하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.102-113
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• 2023

E-scooter의 사용이 증가함에 따라 관련 사고가 증가하는 실정에서 E-scooter의 주행 위험성에 관한 연구가 미비하다. 그러나 기존의 이론적 분석방법은 주로 차량 중심의 방법론으로 E-scooter의 위험성 연구를 위해서는 E-scooter의 경량 및 소형 특성 등을 반영하는 방법론 연구가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 E-scooter의 특성을 반영하여 경사로 주행시 운전자가 느끼는 위험속도 및 안정속도를 분석하기 위해 실도로 기반으로 분석하였다. 경사도별 위험속도는 평균 21km/h로 분석되었으며, 경사도가 급격해질수록 초기 위험속도가 감소하였다. 안정속도는 상대적으로 위험성이 낮은 경사도 1~2%를 제외하고 평균적으로 17km/h로 분석되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 국내에서 추진 중인 개인형 이동장치의 최고속도 하향 제도의 학술적 근거로 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

This paper proposes a new design method for electric scooter which can maximize the power efficiency at the given driving condition. The proposed method is designed with the electric and mechanical parameters and driving dynamics. These values are extracted from the dynamic and mathematical equations of the scooter. For validation, numerical simulation results are presented in this paper. As a result, the scooter achieved over 80% efficiency at 360 rpm at 1.42kw load. It is clear that the proposed method was verified through a 1.42kw numerical model.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1578-1585
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• 2018

This work investigates two different motor drive technologies, switched reluctance motor (SRM) and induction motor (IM). They are designed optimally to meet the desired performances for electric scooters. The comparison of both motors is described in terms of performances and material cost. With the similar constraint, induction motor performs slightly better than switched reluctance motor. But this must be traded-off with higher weight and cost. Both drive systems are, however, suitable for electric scooter application. Finally, the range simulations are conducted on a European urban driving cycle, ECE15 driving cycle and a more realistic cycle, Bangkok driving cycle. The e-scooter ranges are varied from 36 to 109 km depending on driving cycle, motor technology and number of passengers.