• 의료법학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.317-338
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• 2011

The World Health Organization (WHO) tries to accomplish the goal of 'smoke free society', and developed countries regard the nicotine as an addictive drug. In order to better protect human health, all parties are required to adopt and implement effective legislative, executive, administrative or other measures for tobacco control in accordance with Article 4 the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). In order to achieve the objective of the FCTC and its protocols and to implement its provisions, Korea need to take an attention on the U.S. Family Smoking Prevention And Tobacco Control Act of 2009 and Final Rule. It is need to integrate and centralize of tobacco safety administration and smoking prevention for the national health promotion.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2010

Risk level for each construction work can be very important factors to establish advanced prevention measures. But it is important how to produce it. There are three different methods to set it up for construction situation. They are as follows; 1) occurrence frequency = the number of accident workers of each work kind / yearly accident workers 2) occurrence frequency = the number of accident workers of each work kind / yearly workers 3) occurrence frequency = the number of accident workers of each work kind / the total workers All these three concepts(=averaged concept)are analyzed. Additionally frequency based on discrete curve, and severity based on continuous curve are also combined for producing risk level with more scientific approach. This risk level can be very useful to make prevention plan or take measures at construction sites. This is study result can change existing risk level concept to new concept of it, namely rail way work and in-water work showed be high risk level and RC work be low risk level, different from the situation which we have thought commonly, so far.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2011

최근 들어 범세계적으로 기상이변과 지구온난화에 따른 환경 및 생태계의 변화로 자연적, 인위적 재난이 증가하고 있는 가운데 우리가 살고 있는 한반도 주변 또한 자연재해로 인한 인명 및 재산의 피해가 점차 증가하고 있다. 반복적인 재난으로부터 인명과 재산을 보호하기 위해 과학적인 분석과 체계적인 재해관리가 필요한 시점이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 과학적인 방재 대책의 일환으로 수치영상, 수치지형도 및 재해정보를 활용함으로써 이해하기 어려운 기존 방재지도의 도식적 표현에 따른 한계를 극복하여 누구나 시각적으로 쉽게 인지할 수 있는 수치영상기반의 방재지도를 제작하고, 제작된 방재지도를 통해 방재정보시스템을 개발하였다. 방재지도와 방재정보시스템은 재해 피해현황 및 상황의 가독성을 높여 효과적인 대민서비스가 가능하며, 신속한 의사결정을 지원함으로써 보다 효율적인 자연재해 상황분석 및 대응에 활용이 가능할 것이다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.589-600
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• 2022

Longline fishery targeting tunas and tuna-like species is known to produce a significant amount of catch not only for the target species, but also for ecologically related species like sharks, marine turtles, sea birds and marine mammals. Recognizing this seriousness, tuna related regional fisheries management organizations (t-RFMOs) have established conservation and management measures (CMMs) to reduce bycatch and/or interaction with ecosystem vulnerable species including sea turtles and are obliged to implement bycatch mitigation measures and guidelines on safe release to their member countries. Along with development and strengthening of those measures, various case studies have been conducting to verify the effectiveness of bycatch mitigation for ecologically related species. This study examines the background and progress on developing CMMs of t-RFMOs and regulation programs of the United States related to sea turtles, which have recently become one of the main issues, and reviews case studies on sea turtle bycatch mitigation measures to find out the effectiveness of reducing bycatch rate and impacts to the fisheries. In order to respond the consultation process on certification determination with the United States, it was confirmed the current status of implementation on related measures conducted by Korean tuna longline fishery based on scientific observer data and survey for captains. Even though all Korean tuna longline fleets belong to the deep-set longline fishery (100-300m), which is not subject to the obligation of those mitigation measures, they are voluntarily implementing both measures, use of circle hook and whole finfish bait, regardless of which RFMO's Convention area they operate. And the national regulatory and management programs for sea turtle bycatch prevention adopted by Republic of Korea seems to be comparable in effectiveness to that of the United Stated. However, Korea needs to take preemptive measures in establishing sustainable fisheries, including the protection of the marine ecosystem and environment, as stronger requests are anticipated to be made by the international community on this matter.

• 한국환경농학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경농학회 2009년도 정기총회 및 국제심포지엄
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• pp.228-239
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• 2009

The observations on climate change show a clear increase in the temperature of the Earth's surface and the oceans, a reduction in the land snow cover, and melting of the sea ice and glaciers. The effects of climate change are likely to include more variable weather, heat waves, increased mean temperature, rains, flooding and droughts. The threat of climate change and global warming on human and animal health is now recognized as a global issue. This presentation is described an overview of the latest scientific knowledge on the impact of climate change on zoonotic diseases. Climate strongly affects agriculture and livestock production and influences animal diseases, vectors and pathogens, and their habitat. Global warming are likely to change the temporal and geographical distribution of infectious diseases, including those that are vector-borne such as West Nile fever, Rift Valley fever, Japanese encephalitis, bluetongue, malaria and visceral leishmaniasis, and other diarrheal diseases. The distribution and prevalence of vector-borne diseases may be the most significant effect of climate change. The impact of climate change on the emergence and re-emergence of animal diseases has been confirmed by a majority of countries. Emerging zoonotic diseases are increasingly recognized as a global and regional issue with potential serious human health and economic impacts and their current upward trends are likely to continue. Coordinated international responses are therefore essential across veterinary and human health sectors, regions and countries to control and prevent emerging zoonoses. A new early warning and alert systems is developing and introducing for enhancing surveillance and response to zoonotic diseases. And international networks that include public health, research, medical and veterinary laboratories working with zoonotic pathogens should be established and strengthened. Facing this challenging future, the long-term strategies for zoonotic diseases that may be affected by climate change is need for better prevention and control measures in susceptible livestock, wildlife and vectors in Korea. In conclusion, strengthening global, regional and national early warning systems is extremely important, as are coordinated research programmes and subsequent prevention and control measures, and need for the global surveillance network essential for early detection of zoonotic diseases.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.179-182
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• 2023

The Chemical Substances Control Act has been legislated to counter the risks posed by chemical substances to public health and the environment, but a number of small- and large-scaled incidents related to hazardous chemicals continue to occur every year. The Korean Ministry of Environment takes legal responsibility for prevention, preparedness, and response to nationwide chemical accidents under the Chemical Substances Control Act. The determination of chemical accidents that occur during hazardous chemical handling processes is based on the Article 2 (Definitions) of the law and the administrative criteria for judgement of chemical accidents. However, there are certain ambiguities in the scientific basis for determining chemical accidents under the current regulations. Whether or not a chemical accident has a direct influence on penalties and administrative measures for a workplace where an accident occurred, it is necessary to find reasonable criteria for determining chemical accident based on legal and scientific evidence.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2013

전기화재는 다양한 원인에 의해 발생하고 있으며 최근에는 복합적인 원인에 의해 발생하기 때문에 전기적, 열적, 기계적, 환경적 영향에 의한 제품의 열화특성과 발열 메커니즘 등 체계적인 연구와 분석을 통한 과학적이고 합리적인 안전설계애안 제시를 위한 연구가 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 재해로 인한 인적 물적 손실은 국가와 기업의 대외 신뢰도 하락을 가져오고 있으며 제품 안전에 대한 수요는 무한 경쟁에 따른 규제완화의 이유로 증가하고 있다. 기업의 이미지를 증진시키고 국제적 경쟁력을 강화시키기 위해 제품에 대한 안전 설계는 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 사용량이 점차 증가하고 있는 에어컨에서 전기화재가 발생한 사례와 원인 및 재현실험을 통해 안전설계에 대한 제시를 위해 수행 하였으며 화재 예방대책 등의 기초 자료로 할용 가능할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1992

It is, as everyone knows, very important for human beings to protect and conserve marine environment. We has believed the ocean is so wide and deep that it cannot be polluted. But it has begun to doubt the capacity of self-purification of the ocean due to pollution arising from marine casualities. It has proved that semi-enclosed sea is likely to be polluted and cannot be restored easily once pollution occurs. Therefore, first of all it is important to take preventive measures for prevention of marine pollution in the semi-enclosed sea like the Yellow Sea. Many of regional conventions for prevention of marine pollution have come into existence. this dissertation was set out for the fact that the Yellow Sea is semi-enclosed sea which is vulnerable to marine pollution. It is desirable not to deal with marine preservation of the Yellow Sea by a single exclusively but to deal with it by cooperation of all coastal states under the present circumstances. I proposed a program of regional cooperation to protect and conserve the Yellow Sea. This program must be progressed with gradual arrangements. First, they must establist a basic cooperation committee to work basic affairs on the protection of marine environment within the Yellow Sea. The Committee Mainly play parts of study and research concerned with pollution of the Yellow Sea in the non-governmental side and consist of legal and scientific experts. Second, they must establish the control Committee to prevent marine pollution of the Yellow Sea substantially. There is a reason that regional cooperation cannot be directly concluded with the regional tready. Because there is a problem of Recognition of States left. In principle, a subject of tready must be a state in the International Law. But they have not made Recognition of State which is demanded by International Law between North and South Koreas. Therefore, the Control committee must play a substantial part of prevention from pollution instead of the treaty. Finally, we concluded tentatively named $\ulcorner$Convention on Regional Cooperation for Protection of Marine Environment of the Yellow Sea from Pollution$\lrcorner$ if the matter is settled which is related to Recognition of States in the International Law.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7587-7593
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• 2013

Background: Cancers of gastric and esophagus are the most frequent gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancers in Iran. This study aimed to analyze time trends of GI tract cancers in Guilan province by gender and age to provide solid scientific evidence for cancer prevention and control. Materials and Methods: The data were obtained from the Guilan Cancer Registry System and Guilan Provincial Health Center, over the 15 year period between 1997 and 2011. Crude incidence and age standardized (AS)incidence rates were calculated and annual percent change was estimated by Joinpoint software for long term trend analysis. Results: During the study period, 8,332 cases of GI malignances with a male to female ratio of 1:1.73 were registered in Guilan province. The AS rates for esophageal, gastric, colon and rectal cancers were 5.97, 14.5, 7.59 and 3.58 per 105 respectively. While the trend was declining and relatively constant for esophageal and gastric cancer, respectively, the incidence trend for colon and rectal cancers was of increase over the period of the study. Conclusions: The results indicated that the incidence of GI cancers was relatively low in Guilan province compared to neighboring provinces. An effective cancer control program including prevention measures, early detection and effective treatment needs to be implemented to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.389-401
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• 2024

In recent decades, numerous instances of blockages have been reported in coastal nuclear power plants globally, leading to serious safety accidents such as power reduction, manual or automatic power loss, or shutdown of nuclear power units. Loss or shortage of cooling water may compromise the reliability of the cooling water system, thus threatening the operational safety of power plants and resulting in revenue reduction. This study provides a comprehensive review of the current state of cooling water system safety in coastal nuclear power plants worldwide and the common challenges they face, as well as the relevant research on cooling water system safety issues. The research overview and progress in investigation methods, outbreak mechanisms, prevention and control measures, and practical cases of blockages were summarized. Despite existing research, there are still many shortcomings regarding the pertinence, comprehensiveness and prospects of related research, and many problems urgently need to be solved. The most fundamental concern involves understanding the list of potential risks of blockages and their spatially distributed effects in surrounding waters. Furthermore, knowledge of the biological cycles and ecological habits of key organisms is essential for implementing risk prevention and control and for building a scientific and effective monitoring system.