• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.446-454
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examined the effects of different grouping according to the levels of students' achievement in science cooperative learning on students' science academic achievements, science-related attitudes, perceptions of science learning environment and self-efficacies. The results of this study can be summarized as following. First, the homogeneous grouping was more effective than the heterogeneous grouping in improving the science academic achievements of high academic ability students. Second, the homogeneous grouping was more effective than the heterogeneous grouping in improving the science-related attitude of students, especially for low academic ability students. Third, both the homogeneous grouping and the heterogeneous grouping improved the perceptions of science learning environment of students. For low academic ability students, the homogeneous grouping was more effective. Fourth, the homogeneous grouping was more effective than the heterogeneous grouping in improving self-efficacies of students, especially for middle and low academic ability students.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.415-424
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to reveal the effects of a science experience class, in which children of low-income family(LIF) were involved. The children's science inquiry skills, science-related attitude, self-esteem and self-competence were investigated before and after the science experience class. Not only 61 children in LIF but also 75 ordinary ones participated in the class and the tests to collect the data, and interviews in which 9 children of each group participated were conducted as well. The results are as follows. First, through the science experience class, the children in LIF's average point of science inquiry skills increased meaningfully, but ordinary children's did not. Second, the science attitude's points of both increased meaningfully. Third, the children in LIF's average self-esteem point increased meaningfully, but the ordinary group's did not. Fourth, the children in LIF' self-competence increased meaningfully, but the other's did not. The children from both groups were influenced positively by the science experience class. Especially, compared with ordinary children, the children in LIF who have fewer chances of science experience than other children were more positively influenced m every aspect of this study.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.278-287
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study was to provide baseline data about knowledge, attitude and practice of skin disinfection and to identify the influencing factors among nurses related to skin disinfection. Methods: The subjects were 174 nurses who worked at one Hospital in A city. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires during August, 2010. The collected data were analyzed with use of SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: The knowledge of skin disinfection varied significantly according to unit, position and job satisfaction. Nurses' attitude towards skin disinfection differed significantly according to age, unit, career, position and job satisfaction. Nurses' practice of skin disinfection varied according to unit and position. Significant correlations were found between knowledge, attitude and practice. The attitude and knowledge were influencing factors of practice (55.6%). Conclusion: An educational program focusing on changing nurses' knowledge and attitude can be effective for the practice of skin disinfection.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.268-280
• /
• 2005

Teaching with laboratory activities in school science, which are distinctive characteristic, is placed from other disciplines fur teaming almost 200 hundred years ago. A number of science educators have suggested that there are rich benefits in teaming from using laboratory activities. At these time, however, some educators have begun to seriously question the effectiveness and the role of laboratory activities. There are some causes related to obscure and vague aims of laboratory activities. The purposes of this paper is to review aims of laboratory activities presented in the literatures through historical overview, and to obtain implication for school science. There are various aims of laboratory activities by a number of researchers. Overall synthesizing, there are ffur domains of aims of science teaching through laboratory activities, (a) science knowledge has two sub-domains; scientific content knowledge and procedural knowledge, (b) nature of science, (c) science attitude has two sub-domain; scientific attitude and attitude toward science, and (d) ability of scientific inquiry has two sub-domain; manipulative skills and scientific thinking. But, it is necessary to continue the following study in order to obtain the aims of laboratory activities agreed by expert community, and setting up of lists of aims of laboratory activities for students to achieve hierarchies of school science curriculums.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find out eco-friendly attitude and level of knowledge about environment of pre-service elementary teachers and find relationship between these. In this study, we investigate and analyse with surveys about eco-friendly attitudes and environmental knowledge questionnaire targeting the 2nd semester of 2013 32 people of fast stream class 2nd grade. Also, we analyzed correlation between environmental knowledge and the test results of eco-friendly attitudes. Results for the analysis are as follows. First, pre-service elementary teachers' average of eco-friendly attitudes test result is 'cognitive area(60.22)> definitional area(53.69)> behavioral area(52.72)'. These results are re-service elementary teachers are knowledgeable about the environment, but they are passive at the execution act about environment. Second, the average of pre-service elementary teachers' environmental knowledge result is the highest to the protect the environment, for the average(26.25). It is interpreted that they acquired the most the knowledge related to the conservation of the environment. Third, It is no significant correlation between pre-service elementary teachers' eco-friendly attitudes and environmental knowledge. It means that although they acquired a lot of knowledge related to the environment, it is not affected to environmental friendly attitude putting ideas into action about environment.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2019

Purpose - The use of celebrity endorsers is a strategy long-since used by companies to improve the persuasive impact of their company's advertising. However, much like anyone else, celebrities are flawed human beings, and therefore often find themselves involved in scandals. Companies must consider the potential of scandals when using a celebrity endorser to represent their brand or product. This research focuses on the process consumers use to justify scandals involving celebrity endorsers. Specifically, this research divides the justification processes used by consumers to maintain support for celebrities involved in a scandal into moral decoupling and moral rationalization and proposes antecedents and consequences for these processes. Methodology - To verify the hypotheses suggested by this study, an online survey was conducted, and data was analyzed using a structural equation model. Result - Results showed that consumer empathy for the celebrity endorser and external attribution of the scandal presented were positively related to moral decoupling and moral rationalization. In addition, moral rationalization was positively related to consumers' attitude towards the celebrity endorser, which also enhanced brand attitude. However, the relationship between moral decoupling and the consumer's attitude toward the celebrity endorser was not statistically significant. Conclusion - This research serves to expand the scope of available research on the persuasiveness of celebrity endorsers and provides practical guidelines for marketers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted using the theory of planned behavior to analyze factors influencing mothers' intention to vaccinate their children against hepatitis A (HA). Methods: This descriptive study used a questionnaire. The participants were 100 mothers with children under 19 years. The collected data were analyzed by the t-test, analysis of variance, and the Mann-Whitney U test. The Pearson's correlation was used to test the correlations among variables. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify factors related to HA vaccination intention. Results: The attitude of mothers with children under 19 to HA vaccination were quite positive (6.2 of 7), and their perceived behavioral control (5.73 of 7), subjective norm (5.54 of 7), and vaccination intention (5.96 of 7) were relatively high. Attitude toward HA vaccination was the strongest influencing factor, followed by subjective norm. The explanatory power of attitude and subjective norm for HA vaccination was 84%. Conclusion: HA vaccination is very important for preventing HA. Mothers' positive attitudes toward HA vaccination were an important factor influencing their children's HA vaccination. Providing education on the benefits of HA vaccination and the vaccination schedule may foster positive attitude toward vaccination.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.50 no.5
• /
• pp.385-393
• /
• 2006

In this study, we analyzed the effects of science inquiry learning that applies open-ended hypothesis-testing learning model in a high school chemistry class of grade 11 in respect of science process skills, science-related attitude, and appreciation towards science class by cognitive level. Open-ended science inquiry learning activities on Metals and their applications unit in Chemistry I were developed and applied to the treatment groups while the conventional science activities were applied to the control groups. Four classes of 92 students in a high school located in Seoul were assigned into the treatment and control groups, respectively. According to the results in the test of science process skills, the students treated with the alternative experiments emphasizing open-ended hypothesis-testing obtained higher scores in experimental design, data conversion and description, and hypothesis test than those with conventional experiments but not in problem cognition and definition and hypothesis fixing'. There was negative effect on science-related attitude due to increased roles and tasks in the open-ended science inquiry learning activities.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to analyze the structural model of causal effects of students' variables on science process skills. Student characteristics investigated in the study included attitude related to the science, logical thinking ability, scientific experiences, cognitive style. Covariance structural modeling procedures were used to test causal inferences about hypothesized relationships. The sample consisted of 319 6th grade students and 321 8th grade students in Seoul City, Korea. Five instruments were used in the study, TSPS(test of science process skills), GALT(group assessment of logical thinking), CEFT(children embedded figures test), questionnaire of attitude related to the science, questionnaire of scientific experience. For statistical analysis, the study adopted the structural equation modeling with LlSREL, a computer statistical program developed by J reskog and S rbom. Major findings of the study are as follows:1) Logical thinking ability has a most strong direct effect on science process skills. 2) The structural coefficient of scientific experience influence on attitude related to the science has the greatest direct one than the others in the covariance structural model. According to the results of this study, it is very importance that various scientific experiences, particularly hands-on activity, should be offer to students to improve science process skills. Also, understanding the relationships of student variable to science process skills will be helpful to decision making on the part of curriculum developers, science teachers and researchers.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
• /
• v.33 no.47
• /
• pp.302.1-303.10
• /
• 2018

Background: A considerable amount of research has shown that knowledge and appropriate awareness are essential for encouraging positive behaviors and promoting health. In Korea, the roles that behavioral changes play in the prevention of cancer have been an important issue since the introduction of the 10 codes for cancer prevention in 2006. Thus, the present study investigated the associations of tobacco-related knowledge with awareness and attitudes towards positive smoking-cessation behaviors. Methods: The present study analyzed data from the 2010 national questionnaire survey (n = 1,006). This study evaluated sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, self-rated health status, health-related interests, and the accuracy of 12 tobacco-related statements to determine knowledge level and to investigate its impact on awareness and behaviors related to smoking. These parameters were examined and staged using the Precaution Adoption Process Model. Results: A higher level of tobacco-related knowledge was significantly associated with a positive attitude towards smoking cessation (5-8 correct answers: odds ratio [OR], 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57-4.08; ${\geq}9$ correct answers: OR, 3.90; 95% CI, 2.22-6.82; reference: ${\leq}4$ correct answers). Interestingly, among current smokers, only those who correctly responded to ${\geq}9$ of 12 tobacco-related statements were significantly associated with a positive attitude towards smoking cessation. Conclusion: This study found that having a higher level of tobacco-related knowledge had a significant impact on positive attitudes towards smoking cessation. This suggests that there is a need to disseminate appropriate knowledge to the general population to encourage positive attitudes and promote healthful behaviors in terms of smoking.