• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2008

In this study, we compared textbook knowledge organization with students' mental models to contribute to a more well-designed instruction scheme. The selected science content was the cause of moon phases. We investigated 9 textbooks and 25 third-year middle school students. Patterns and features in participants' mental models were identified through cross inter-rater data analysis by 9 researchers, including in service teachers and experts in science education. According to the results, observing and modeling are the main activities engaged in when dealing with moon phases. The activities consisted of such concepts as: lunar revolution, the sun's parallel rays, the illuminated half of moon, and the relative positions of the sun, moon, and earth. Each concept involved inquiry skills such as: creating and manipulating models, utilizing the relationship between time and space, and communicating. However, the most important skills which are required for authentic scientific inquiry, namely controlling variables and formulating hypotheses, were missing. We categorized students' mental models into three types: scientific models, mixed models, and alternative models. The knowledge structure of each of the models was also discussed in this paper. Consequently, it was found that, typically, students were not given enough opportunities to strengthen the connection among ideas.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.287-295
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• 2008

Elementary students' behaviors classifying leaves have been analyzed according to the material types provided for the classification class. 199 sixth grade students were participated in the task classifying the leaves of various plants for the research. The three types of materials provided to them for the class were real leaves, photos of the leaves and explanation cards including the photos of leaves. One of the research findings was that the only material made students handle in the observed behaviors was the real leave of the material types given as classifying. Three were differences between groups in the time required and the number of using criteria for the class. The numbers of criteria had been applied to analyzing their behaviors as classifying the real leaves which were less than those with photo materials. The amount of taken time to classify the real leaves and photo materials were less than those of another material. Finally, the contents of criteria did not differ between groups except appearing properties presented to the task with photo and explanation materials. It is expected that the research can be contributed for elementary school teachers and for curriculum developers to choose appropriate instructional materials as constructing curriculum contents for elementary science to make elementary school students acquire classifying skill in science classes.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.141-151
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• 2009

Inquiry has been emphasized in science classrooms, but the problems shown in the inquiry are somewhat different with ones that students usually meet and experience in everyday life. The purpose of this study is to investigate how attitudes toward the task and thinking skills affect students' problem solving process, especially, the way of creating a problem space and elaborating problem solving strategies when they have little schema. The difference in students' problem solving strategies of Lego Robotics class, one of the summer programs for $4^{th}-6^{th}$ grade gifted students, which is new to them, was investigated. The results are as follows: (1) The difference in attitudes toward the task, or selection and identification of the missions, and the perception of operators, affected creating a different problem space. (2) Different level of thinking skills, or analytical and flexible thinking, efficient elaborative skill, and application of schema affected a different level of elaboration of the problem space and resulted in asuccess rate of problem solving. (3) Different initial problem space resulted in different problem solving strategies. But without thinking skills, students could not elaborate problem solving strategies efficiently. Several instructional recommendations to promote scientific inquiry were suggested based on the results.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.491-499
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• 2012

This research is looking for the relation between the positive psychology of would-be child teachers and leadership and that's influence. The researchers examined positive psychology and leadership with 330 would-be teachers(13 boys, 317 girls) located in Gwang-Ju and the Jeonnam Region. Questionnaire was used to measure would-be teachers. The collected data analyzed the positive psychology of would-be teachers and leaders, including sub-factors for mean(M), standard deviation(SD) and Pearson product-moment correlation according to subject for inquiry. Then regression analysis through SPSS WIN 17.0 for checking the effects of the would-be child teachers's positive psychology with their leadership skill was used. The result of the research was that the positive psychology of would-be child teachers and leadership of the product-moment correlated in all areas. Especially the most influence on positive psychology is the ability of human relationship among leadership sub-variables, and the relation between positive psychology and leadership are very important for making positive changes in society. This implies that there is a need for more educational sponsorship regarding positive psychology and leadership for would-be child teachers.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.192-199
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• 2003

The Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education has been developed in both quantitative and qualitative aspects during twenty years since first published year 1983. This study was intended to survey the research trend of the journals, which has been published so far. It will give an orientation of science education research and suggestions towards research to improve science education. The 243 articles of the journals, which were published from 1983 to 2002 by Korean Elementary Science Education Society, were classified into 7 categories including science teaching, science learning, assessment in science, science teacher education, science curriculum, educational facilities & materials, and general science education. The results are as follows: 1. The articles published last decade are increased four times compared with the first decade. 2. The half of articles published so far concentrated on science teaching and learning. The articles on educational facilities & materials or general science education are few. 3. During the last decade, the articles on science teacher education, educational facilities & materials, assessment in science, and science learning relatively increased than the first decade. The number of articles on science curriculum was fluctuated every five years. 4. Most of articles were focused on the narrow subject areas. For example, the articles on science teaching, science learning, assessment in science, science teacher education, science curriculum, and educational facilities & materials were largely focused on the teaching strategies, pupils' conception, affective assessment and teaching practice survey, teachers' appreciation about the nature of science or instruction, analysis of science textbooks, development of the experimental materials or the audiovisual aids respectively. 5. The subject areas highlighted so far in science education, for example, inquiry or experimental activities, STS instruction, environmental education, gifted education, instruction with multimedia, problem-solving or reasoning, experimental skill assessment, etc. were not much researched.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to introduce the science-play in the regular class, stimulate the student's curiosity, motivate them and take active part in their science class. To make an effective science class, we developed the science-play activity instead of experiments in the text, and applied it to the class. The experimental group has statistically meaningful results in the science process skills, expecially in subordinate elements such as observation, deduction, expectation, data analysis and assumption establishments(p<.01). However, the comparative group has no meaningful results in the science process skills. Though the average value of the science related attitude in the experimental group had only a little increase and had no statistically meaningful results, that in the comparative group has decreased during the same period. As for the experimental group, the science-play activities were repeated and their science related attitude has increased a little. Even though there were no meaningful statistic results(p>.05), the science-play activity was effective in the science related attitude. As a result of this research, it could be said that the science-play activity can improve the student's science process skills and the science related attitude, and the science-play program should be further developed and applied to make easy and effective science classes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.682-693
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• 2000

The study was designed to identify the attitude of nursing students to fundamental nursing practice through Q-methodology. A Q sample was developed through a review of the literature and interviews. Forty statements made up the finalized Q-sample. The P sample consisted of 25 nursing students in S College. Q statements were written on separate cards and were given to the 25 subjects to sort according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sort by each subject was coded and analyzed with QUANL PC Program. The analysis discovered three major attitudes, namely "type 1: passive demand", "type 2: active self-confidence", "type 3: practical application". The correlation was .213 between type 1 and 2, .409 between type 1 and 3, .379 between t ype 2 and 3. The results revealed three different types of fundamental nursing practice attitude; 1) Passive demand type: they were not satisfied with fundamental nursing practice time, the number of persons, practice machines. They presented anxiety and worry through fundamental nursing practice. Therefore, they will presenta passive attitude of clinical practice experience. 2) Active self-confidence type: they experienced pride as a nursing student and fascination as a nurse was an acquired recognition. 3) Practical application type: they practiced that fundamental nursing skill was applied their family and oneself. Therefore they had tension through initial fundamental nursing practice but they gained self-confidence and interest through practical study. In conclusion, the researchers suggest that the education program would be more effective if it was planned considering to each types of attitude of nursing students for fundamental nursing practicer fundamental nursing practice

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2001

3D character animation grow rapidly with the development of computer graphic technology and software. Nowadays 3D character animation holds a important position in the various industry fields including movie, advertisement, animation, and game. With the rapid growth of computer graphic, real time animation of complex characters as well as high quality rendering, which was impossible before, are now prevailing. What is remarkable in this growth is the appearance of virtual idol. The virtual idol plays a leading role in 3D character animation and has a synergy effect in the field of fancy and theme park industry. The aim of this inquiry is to examine the status of computer graphic skill and media related to the 3D character animation to search out the problems in the fields and to propose the solution of the problems

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.172-186
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• 1993

This stady was carried out to define Gifted student for science, model for selection, the tools and methods and related theory for the selection of the Gifted students for the science in primary school level. Also the developed tools and materials are applied to student and analysed the results to generalize the methods for the selection of Gifted students for science. The definition of Gifted students for science was carried out by the three-ring conception model by Renzulli(1982) and Lee long-Sung which defined the characteristics as three parts such as above average ability, creativity and tesk comitment. The Gifted students for science upper 2 percent which have three characteristics at the same times, namely overlapping three characteristics. The model for the selection of Gifted students consist of four step; such as screeing, selection,differentiation, judgement. The materials for the selection are input at each stage, analysed the results and standard for the selection are made. In the first stage screening, 202 students are selected from the 5060 of 4th and 5th graders according to their achievment, intellecture ability and observation of students activity. In second selection and third differentiation stage, 65 students are seletted according to their achievement In this study it is approved that the Gifted students in science have to be selection by various test such as achievement, intellectual ability, aptitude in science, inquiry activity, manual skill etc, rather rather then simple test such as achievement and intellecture ability. Also it is important to select upper 2 percent who have general abilites overlapping three characteristics mentioned in definition of Gifted students in science and selections model

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.870-879
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate laboratory abilities to carry-out experimentations in the field of 'Matter' in middle school science texts. A total of 359 chemistry experiments from 26 textbooks has been analyzed. The authors of this study are interested in what science process skills are required for students to perform the experiments and how often these skills are needed. This article introduced a framework for analyzing the science process skills and their frequency. There are similar patterns of science process skill use among the different grades of middle school texts. The process skills of organizing results, interpreting data and making generalizations are most needed by the order of frequency. However, abilities related to alternative activities and/or conditions show relatively low frequency. For seniors, various laboratory abilities to carry out experiments are needed, whereas abilities for operating and setting up an experimental apparatus are required in freshmen and juniors. These results suggest avenues for science teachers that make lesson plans involving science experiments.