• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.11.1-11
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• 1981

Neurilemmoma is a benign tumor which arises generally from the Schwann's cells. It is a slowly growing tumor and treated as surgically. We experienced a case of neurilemmoma of the oropharynx in a 28-year-old female who had noticed a gradual swelling of the left side of the oropharynx with swallowing difficulty for 6 months. The tumor was removed successfully intra-orally under the general endotracheal anesthesia and verified pathologically as neurilemmoma.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.81-84
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• 2007

Vernet's syndrome is a complex of multiple cranial nerve palsy including ninth, tenth, and eleventh cranial nerves which results from various lesions involving the jugular foramen. There are several kinds of lesions that can cause Vernet's syndrome. It includes congenital cholesteatoma, vascular lesions such as protruded jugular bulb, infections such as external otitis or abscess, and tumoral lesions such as schwannoma or paraganglioma. We present a rare case of Vernet's syndrome caused by non-specific inflammatory mass lesion in the neck area sparing jugular foramen.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.sup1
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• pp.149-152
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• 2001

The authors report a case of an extremely rare extraosseous chordoma in the upper cervical spine of a 70-year-old woman, which occupied the intradural and extradural portions, simultaneously. She underwent the operation with C2,3 total laminectomy and grossly total removal and postoperative radiation therapy. Extraosseous chordoma was very rare in the literatures. In addition, it was the first reported case of the extraosseous chordoma occupeid the intradural and extradural portions, simultaneously. And extraosseous chordoma must be distinguished from ecchordosis physaliphora, which is benign nature, usually asymptomatic.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.550-554
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• 2000

Most extracranial schwannomas are solitary, but neurofibromas are frequently associated with other manietations of neurofibromatosis. Schwannomas that occur within the context of neurofibromatosis tend to be multiple, but multiple schwannomas without manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 2 are very rare. The authors report a very rare case of multiple spinal intradural schwannomas in the absence of neurofibromatosis Type 2 maniestations. A 40-year-old man suffered from longstanding low back pain and left side sciatica which was treated with two stage operations. MRI showed multiple intradural mass lesions extending from L1 vertebral segment to S1 vertebral segment. There were no clinical and radiological manifestations of Type 2 neurofibromatosis. Histologically confirmed diagnosis was schwannoma.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to review the common conditions associated with mandibular canal widening. Materials and Methods: General search engines and specialized databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, and Scopus were used to find relevant studies by using the following keywords: "mandibular canal," "alveolar canal," "inferior alveolar nerve canal," "inferior dental canal," "inferior mandibular canal," "widening," "enlargement," "distension," "expansion," and "dilation." Results: In total, 130 articles were found, of which 80 were broadly relevant to the topic. We ultimately included 38 articles that were closely related to the topic of interest. When the data were compiled, the following 7 lesions were found to have a relationship with mandibular canal widening: non-Hodgkin lymphoma, osteosarcoma, schwannoma, neurofibroma, vascular malformation/hemangioma, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes, and perineural spreading or invasion. Conclusion: When clinicians encounter a lesion associated with mandibular canal widening, they should immediately consider these entities in the differential diagnosis. Doing so will help dentists make more accurate diagnoses and develop better treatment plans based on patients' radiographs.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.278-281
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• 2021

Facial palsy (FP) is a functional disorder of the facial nerve involving paralysis of the mimic muscles. According to the principle "time is muscle," early surgical treatment is tremendously important for preserving the mimic musculature if there are no signs of nerve function recovery. In a 49-year-old female patient, even 19 months after onset of FP, successful neurotization was still possible by a V-to-VII nerve transfer and cross-face nerve grafting. Our patient suffered from complete FP after vestibular schwannoma surgery. With continuous application of electrostimulation (ES) therapy, the patient was able to bridge the period between the first onset of FP and neurotization surgery. The significance of ES for mimic musculature preservation in FP patients has not yet been fully clarified. More attention should be paid to this form of therapy in order to preserve the facial musculature, and its benefits should be evaluated in further prospective clinical studies.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.461-468
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• 2015

Background Functional restoration of the facial expression is necessary after facial nerve resection to treat head and neck tumors. This study was conducted to evaluate the functional outcomes of patients who underwent facial nerve cable grafting immediately after tumor resection. Methods Patients who underwent cable grafting from April 2007 to August 2011 were reviewed, in which a harvested branch of the sural nerve was grafted onto each facial nerve division. Twelve patients underwent facial nerve cable grafting after radical parotidectomy, total parotidectomy, or schwannoma resection, and the functional facial expression of each patient was evaluated using the Facial Nerve Grading Scale 2.0. The results were analyzed according to patient age, follow-up duration, and the use of postoperative radiation therapy. Results Among the 12 patients who were evaluated, the mean follow-up duration was 21.8 months, the mean age at the time of surgery was 42.8 years, and the mean facial expression score was 14.6 points, indicating moderate dysfunction. Facial expression scores were not influenced by age at the time of surgery, follow-up duration, or the use of postoperative radiation therapy. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that facial nerve cable grafting using the sural nerve can restore facial expression. Although patients were provided with appropriate treatment, the survival rate for salivary gland cancer was poor. We conclude that immediate facial nerve reconstruction is a worthwhile procedure that improves quality of life by allowing the recovery of facial expression, even in patients who are older or may require radiation therapy.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 1996

This study was peformed in order to evaluate the usefulness of the crush cytologic features and differential diagnosis between meningiomas and schwannomas in the central nervous system. Deeply seated and unusually located meningiomas and schwannomas with equivocal or erroneous frozen section diagnosis can be correctly diagnosed cytologically in crush preparations. Twenty-four meningiomas and nine schwannomas were studied by frozen section and crush preparation technique. These tumors displayed distinctive cytologic features. in meningiomas, the tumor tissue fragments were easy to crush, and the tumor cells were arranged in small clusters, flat sheets, papilla-like, whorling pattern or singly. Individual tumor cells displayed round or oval nuclei with finely granular chromatin pattern and inconspicuous small nucleoli. Occasionally psammoma bodies, nuclear pseudoinclusion or nuclear grooves were found. In schwannomas, tissue fragments were hard in consistency and difficult to crush. The crushed tissue presented as thick, irregular fragments with shard borders. The cells showed ill-defined cytoplasm and round, oval, cigar-shaped or curved nuclei. It is important to emphasize that the smear pattern under low-power view and cytologic features are helpful in discriminating between these two tumors.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 1995

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma was classified as fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma in times past and it was first introduced in 1963 to refer to a group of soft tissue tumors and reported in bone in 1972. It was postulated that the origin of tumor cell was derived from histiocytes that could assume the appearance and function of fibroblasts("facultative fibroblasts") at first. But, recently the immunohistochemical studies suggested origin from a primitive mesenchymal cell. The malignant fibrous histiocytoma were commonly misdiagnosed as other tumors such as myxoid liposarcoma, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant schwannoma, giant cell tumor, hemangiopericytoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans due to the broad morphologic spectrum. The seventeen cases of the malignant fibrous histiocytomas diagnosed at Hanyang University Hospital since 1979 were reviwed, and the suggestions are as follows : 1. No fundamental histologic differences between the MFHs of soft tissues and bones. 2. The other tumors must be excluded in order to diagnose MFH due to wide histologic variety of MFH. 3. The review of the initial tissue slide was necessary for adequate diagnosis because the recurrent MFHs showed different histologic findings from original tumors.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2012

Objective : This is a retrospective review of 22 surgically treated benign and malignant tumors of brachial plexus region to describe clinical presentation, the characteristics of brachial plexus tumor and clinical outcomes with a literature review. Methods : Twenty-one patients with consecutive 22 surgeries for primary brachial plexus tumors were enrolled between February 2002 and November 2011 were included in this study. The medical records of all patients were reviewed. Results : Eleven male and 10 female patients were enrolled. Mean age was 39 years. Three patients had brachial plexus tumor associated with neurofibromatosis (13.6%). Presenting signs and symptoms included parenthesis and numbness (54.5%), radiating pain (22.7%), direct tenderness and pain (27.2%), palpable mass (77.3%). Twelve patients presented preoperative sensory deficit (54.5%) and 9 patients presented preoperative motor deficit (40.9%). Twenty tumors (90.9%) were benign and 2 tumors (9.1%) were malignant. Benign tumors included 15 schwannomas (68.2%), 4 neurofibromas (18.2%) and 1 granular cell tumor (4.5%). There were 1 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) and 1 malignant granular cell tumor. Gross total resection was achieved in 16 patients (72.7%), including all schwannomas, 1 neurofibroma. Subtotal resection was performed in 6 tumors (27.3%), including 3 neurofibromatosis associated with brachial plexus neurofibromas, 1 MPNST and 2 granular cell tumor in one patient. Conclusion : Resection of tumor is the choice of tumor in the most of benign and malignant brachial plexus tumors. Postoperative outcomes are related to grade of resection at surgery and pathological features of tumor.