• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2019

Background: Ginseng has been used as a medicine and functional food since ancient times. It is a perennial crop, and its whose commercial valuse increases with growing period and is affected by the atmosphere and soil environment. Methods and Results: In a selected field, we measured air temperature under a shade structure and soil physicochemical properties, and determied plant and root growth as well as ginsenoside and total polyphenol content of one- to five-year-old ginsengs plants. Although air temperature above 30℃ was recored for more than 37 days, no marked growth inhibition of ginseng was detected. Among all soil physicochemical properties, except for pH, were within the allowable range the shortage increases with ginseng years. In five-year-old ginseng, the quantity is about 9.7% higher than the average weight by standard, indicating that is not affected by temperature when grown under a shade structure. Three-year-old ginseng contained the highest total ginsenoside and total polyphenol levels and exhibited the greatest DPPH radical scavenging activity. Conclusions: The total ginsenoside and protopanaxadiol/protopanaxatriol ratio were both low at five-year-old ginseng plants, which was attributed to rapid growth of the root system in five-year-oid plants. There were no significant differences in total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity between.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2018

We evaluated the antioxidant activity and neuronal cell-protective effect of fucoidan extract from Ecklonia cava (FEC) on hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced cytotoxicity in PC-12 and MC-IXC cells to assess its protective effect against oxidative stress. Antioxidant activities were examined using the ABTS radical scavenging activity and malondialdehyde-inhibitory effect, and the results showed that FEC had significant antioxidant activity. Intracellular ROS contents and neuronal cell viability were investigated using the DCF-DA assay and MTT reduction assay. FEC also showed remarkable neuronal cell-protective effect compared with vitamin C as a positive control for both $H_2O_2$-treated PC-12 and MC-IXC cells. Based on the neuronal cell-protective effects, mitochondrial function was analyzed in PC-12 cells, and FEC significantly restored mitochondrial damage by increasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (${\Delta}{\Psi}m$) and ATP levels and regulating mitochondrial-mediated proteins (p-AMPK and BAX). Finally, the inhibitory effects against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is a critical hydrolyzing enzyme of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the cholinergic system, were investigated ($IC_{50}$ value = 1.3 mg/ml) and showed a mixed (competitive and noncompetitive) pattern of inhibition. Our findings suggest that FEC may be used as a potential material for alleviating oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage by regulating mitochondrial function and AChE inhibition.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.397-397
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• 2016

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) can produce power from ambient mechanical sources and have strong points of high output performance, light weight, low cost, and easy manufacturing process. It is expected that TENG can be utilized in the fields of wireless electronics and self-powered devices in the world which pays attention to healthcare and the IoT. In this work, we focus on scavenging ambient rotational energy by using a durably designed TENG. In previous studies regarding harvesting rotation mode energy, the devices were based on sliding mechanism and durability was not considered as a major issue. However friction by rotation causes reliability problems due to wear and tear. Therefore, in this study, we convert rotary motion to linear motion utilizing a cam by which we can then utilize contact-mode TENG and improve device reliability. In order to increase output performance, bumper springs were used below the TENG and the optimum value for the bumper spring constant was analyzed theoretically. Furthermore, the inserting a soft substrate was proposed and its effect on high output was determined to be due to an increase in the contact area. By increasing the number of cam noses, the output frequency was shown to increase linearly. For the purpose of maximum power transfer, the input impedance of the device was determined. Finally, to demonstrate the use of the C-TENG as a direct power source, it was installed on a commercial bicycle wheel and connected to 180 LEDs. In conclusion we present a rotational motion TENG energy scavenger system designed for enhanced durability and optimized output by appropriate choice of spring constants and substrate.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2001

Adriamycin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for cancer, including acute leukemia, lymphoma, and a number of solid human tumors. However, recent studies have recognized severe cardiotoxicity after an acute dose, which are likely the result of generation of free radicals and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, the clinical uses of adriamycin have been limited. Melatonin, the pineal gland hormone known for its ability to modulate circardian rhythm, has recently been studied in its several functions, including cancer growth inhibition, stimulating the immune system, and acting as an antioxidant and radical scavenging effects. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of melatonin administration on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in rat. Heart slices were prepared using a Stadie-Riggs microtome for the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) content used as an index of lipid peroxidation and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release as an indicator of lethal cell injury. Serious adriamycin-induced lethality was observed in rat by a single intraperitoneal injection in a dose-dependent manner. A single injection of adriamycin (25 mg/kg, i.p.) induced a lethality rate of 86%, with melatonin (10 mg/kg s.c. for 6 days) treatment reducing the adriamycin-induced lethality rate to 20%. The severe body weight loss caused by adriamycin was also significantly attenuated by melatonin treatment. Treatment of melatonin marked reduced adriamycin-induced the levels of MDA formation and LDH release. A cell damage indicated by the loss of myofibrils, swelling of the mitochondria as well as cytoplasmic vacuolization was seen in adriamycin-treated group. Melatonin attenuated the adriamycin-induced structural alterations. These data provide evidence that melatonin prevents adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity and might serve as a combination with adriamycin to limit free radical-mediated cardiotoxicity.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Objectives : We investigated the anti-aging effect on skin with the extract of the needles of red pine, Pinus densiflora. Methods : We measured various effects related to skin such as the anti-oxidant effect, the protection against ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the induction of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), the reduction of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) synthesis and senescent cell. Results : The results were as follows : The extract of the needles of red pine (RP) had the potent anti-oxidant effect and the ROS scavenging effect. Also RP preserved the systemic anti-oxidant enzyme system (superoxide dismutase and catalase) from UVB irradiation. RP protected the cell membrane from the damages induced by UVB irradiation. RP induced HSP70, a mediator of resistance to UVB irradiation. RP reduced the synthesis of MMP-2 induced by UVB irradiation. And RP inhibited the amount of senescent-associated (SA) ${\beta}-galactosidase$ staining, as a marker of replicative senescence. Conclusions : The results of our study indicate that the extract of the needles of red pine, Pinus densiflora, has anti-aging effects on skin.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2013

흑임자 분말 첨가량을 0~12%로 달리하여 양갱을 제조하고 이화학적 품질, 항산화특성 및 소비자 기호도를 조사하였다. pH는 흑임자 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). $L^*$값과 $b^*$값은 유의적으로 감소하였고, $a^*$값은 증가하였다(p<0.05). 한편 흑임자 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 양갱의 경도는 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 항산화활성을 나타내는 총 폴리페놀 함량과 전자 공여능은 흑임자 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었고(p<0.05), 전자 공여능에서 보다 현저한 증가를 보였다. 소비자 기호도검사 결과 6% 첨가군이 모든 평가항목에서 유의적으로 높은 평가를 받아 양갱의 관능적 품질을 최대한 유지하면서 흑임자 분말의 기능적 이점을 최대한 활용하기 위한 최적 첨가 농도는 6%가 가장 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.487-494
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• 2020

본 연구는 비타민 및 무기질 등의 영양성분을 고루 함유하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 특히 식이섬유와 수용성 산성 다당류인 포피란이 풍부한 김 분말을 항산화성을 증진시킬 목적으로 크리스피 쌀 과자에 시리얼의 0, 1, 3, 5% 비율로 첨가하여 품질특성과 항산화능을 분석하였다. 환원당은 마른 김을 첨가함에 따라 크리스피 쌀 과자 중의 함량이 감소했다. 색도는 마른 김의 첨가량에 의해 명도와 적색도, 황색도 모두 유의적으로 감소하였다. 산화 방지 등의 항산화 활성을 가지는 색소 성분인 피코시아닌과 클로로필 함량 모두 마른 김 첨가량에 따라 유의적으로 증가했다. 항산화능은 총 페놀 함량, 플라보노이드 함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 hydroxyl 라디컬 소거능 모두 마른 김 분말의 농도에 비례하여 우수해지는 것으로 나타났다. 감각평가 결과, 전반적인 만족감은 LP5 첨가군이 유의적으로 가장 높았고 대조군의 점수가 가장 낮았다. 크리스피 쌀 과자에 마른 김 분말을 첨가하는 것은 항산화능 증진에도 도움을 주어 크리스피 쌀 과자의 상품으로서의 가치를 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.533-538
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• 2005

This investigation was performed to study the antioxidant activities of Hovenia dulcis THUNBER var. koreana Nakai fruits extracts and the effect of Hovenia dulcis fruits extracts on glucose, lipid metabolism in diabetic rats. DPPH free radical scavanging activitiy and superoxide anion radical Scavenging of Hovenia dulcis fruits $80\%$ methanol extracts were $0.06\pm0.002mg$ polyphrnol/ml and $0.l2\pm0.00lmg$ polyphmol/ml, respectively. Hovenia dulcis fruits $80\%$ methanol extracts were partitioned into hexan, dichloro methane, ethyl acetate and butanol, successively. Ethyl acetate fraction were good antioxidant activity. Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) induced diabetic rats showed a significant increases of plasma glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Concomitantly significant decrease of plasma high density lipoprotein. Glutathione level were decrease in cytosol of liver. Lipid peroxide were increase in microsome of liver. Group 1 and 2 were treated with Hovenia dulcis fruits ethyl acetate extracts 50 mg/kg body weight and 20mg/kg body weight for 24 days, individually. Group land 2 rats showed decreased plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and lipide peroxide in microsome of liver tissue of rats, and increased plasma high density lipoprotein and glutathione in cytosol of liver tissue rats. The result suggest that Hovenia dulcis THUNBER var. koreana Nakai fruits extracts may effectively normalize the impaired antioxiants status in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hovenia dulcis fruits ethyl acetate extracts were used to improve the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant system due to the diabetes.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1176-1184
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• 2007

Chunmagudeungeumgamibang(CGE) has been used for many years as a therapeutic agent for acute stage of cerebrovascular disease and hypertension in oriental medicine. But the effect of CGE on hypertension and vascular system is not well-known. This study was done to investigate the effects of CGE on hypertension. The results were obtained as follow : CGE showed a safety in cytotoxicity and toxicity of liver. CGE showed scavenging activity on DPPH free radical. CGE showed the inhibitory effect on ROS and ACE. CGE significantly decreased the blood pressure and pulse in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly decreased the levels of aldosterone in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly decreased the levels of dopamine, epinephrine in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly decreased the levels of potassium and chloride in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly increased the levels of calcium in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. These results suggest that CGE might be effective in treatment and prevention of hypertension

• 생약학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.234-242
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• 2015

Allium hookeri (Liliaceae), native to India is widely cultivated in Korea lately as a medicinal plant. This study was performed to evaluate the antioxidant and lifespan extending effects of the root of A. hookeri. Methanol extract from the root of A. hookeri was successively partitioned as methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and H₂O soluble fractions. Antioxidant effects of the fractions were measured by measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and superoxide quenching activities. Lifespan extending effects of the fractions were investigated using Caenorhabditis elegans model system. In addition, stress resistant, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also studied. Furthermore, we had investigated aging-related factors such as reproduction, food intake, growth and movement of C. elegans to find any sample-induced significant change. Our results revealed that ethyl acetate soluble fraction from the root of A. hookeri showed the most potent antioxidant and lifespan extending effects, and this fraction elevated the most potent SOD and catalase activities of worms, and reduce intracellular ROS accumulation.