• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.129-135
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• 2008

Paraquat (1,1-dimethyl 4,4' -dipyridium dichloride; PQ) is a kind of herbicide. Terminalia chebulae (TC) has been used as a medicine in China and in Korea for treating illnesses such as diarrhea, collapsed anus, spasmodic, diphtheria, asthma etc.. This study was to examin new physiological activities of methanol extract of TC (TCM) on the toxicity of PQ. It was observed biochemical effects on the toxicity of PQ in kidney and lung tissues after treatment orally administered 100, 200, 300 mg/kg of TCM daily for two weeks. In the experiment related to the toxicity of PQ, we got following results: renal and pulmonary lipid peroxide contents, activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase were significantly increased in control group as compared with normal group, in the treatment of TCM the values were decreased as compared with control group. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase which are free radical scavenging enzymes were also increased in control group as compared with normal goup, but were decreased in TCM group as compared with control group. Collagen content and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in lung tissue were increased in control group as compared with normal, but was decreased in TCM group as compared with control group. From these results, we concluded that TCM can playa role as an effective agent to decrease toxicity of PQ.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.409-414
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• 1995

Antioxidative characteristics of dihydroxyphenylalalnine(DOPA), melanin and enzymatic oxidation products of tyrosine(EOPTs) were studied in a model system. EOPTs were prepared by the tyrosine-tyrosinase reaction at pH 6.5 and $25^{\circ}C$ at various time intervals(0~120min). All EOPTs were brown in varied intensities with increased absorption at 200~210, 280, 310~320nm, and 450~490nm. EOPTs obtaiend at the early stage of the reaction(1~3min especially) showed a higher antioxidative activity than those from the later stage on the inhibition of peroxide, conjugated dienoic acid and malonaldehyde formations in linoleic acid autoxidation. Additionally among the substances of tyrosine, DOPA and melanin, DOPA showed the highest antioxidative activity while that of tyrosine was the lowest during the linoleic acid autooxidation. It was observed that DOPA and melanin had the ability of free radical scavenging, which may party contribute to their antioxidative activity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1661-1666
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• 1999

Yungmijihwgang-Won, Yollyunggobon-Dan and Palmi-Hwan, Korea traditional prescriptions composed of oriental medical herbs, have been used successfully to improve human health and regimen. This study was designed to examine the mechanism of healthful effects of the Korea traditional prescriptions through its antioxidative potentials. Using in vitro antioxidative activity assay system such as DPPH radical quenching assay, superoxide anion radical scavenging assay and inhibition of TBARS production, three Korea traditional prescriptions were observed to have nearly the same antioxidative potentials as ascorbic acid, a well-known strong water-soluble antioxidant. Moreover, we observed reinforced antioxidative effects of these drugs in liver from mouse fed these drugs with 4 weeks. When liver homogenate was incubated with 2.2'-azobis(amidinopropane) dihydrochloride(AAPH), as a free radical initiator, we observed that oxidative damages were decreased and antioxidative potentials were increased in liver homogenate treated these drugs. However, enzymatic antioxidative system as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase was not affected by drug administration.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.633-641
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• 2014

This study investigated the antioxidant and antiobesity activity of extract powders from the following natural color resources: Polygonum indigo, Black locust, Cochineal, Catechu, Grape, Tesu flower, Henna, Chrysanthemum, Sandalwood Red, Himalayan Rhubarb, and Madder. Total phenol content was the highest in Catechu extract, at 348.25 mg/g. DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were also higher in Catechu extract. Bleaching inhibition activity in the ${\beta}$-carotene linoleic acid system was the highest in Black locust extract, as was ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibition activity. ${\alpha}$-Amylase inhibition activity was the highest in Catechu extract. Trypsin inhibition activity of Black locust extract was greater than 60%, and ${\alpha}$- chymotrypsin inhibition activity of Catechu extract was greater than 40%. Lipase inhibition activity was the highest Black locust extract, at 52.73%. Viability of 3T3-L1 cells was not affected by treatment with extracts at concentrations of $1.25{\sim}25{\mu}g/ml$. Lipid accumulation in the 3T3-L1 cells was the lowest following treatment with Catechu extract, at 55.8%, and this extract also inhibited adipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that the Catechu and Black locust extracts have high antioxidant and antiobesity activities and can be useful ingredients in functional foods.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.785-791
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• 2021

Many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have probiotic properties that exert various health benefits. In this study, the reduction potential of nitrogen oxide compounds and ferric ions by six LAB, including Lactobacillus kimchicus, L. lactis, L. casei, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus GG, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides were evaluated. The L. kimchicus strain produced a substantial amount of nitrite reduced from nitrate added to the media, whereas the other five LAB strains did not. L. kimchicus also showed the most potent reducing activity of ferric to ferrous ions. However, the reduction potential of the autoclaved L. kimchicus was little pronounced. The scavenging activities of viable LAB or their cell lysates against different radicals were not consistent with the potency of the LAB's reducing ability. The present results indicate that L. kimchicus has a strong reduction potential for nitrogen oxides in viable status, and that this ability can be used as a probiotic property for various health benefits.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.616-621
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• 2020

Sinapinic acid is a widely-distributed phenolic acid in various edible plants. In this study, changes in chemical stability and biological activities of sinapinic acid by heat treatment were evaluated at different pH values. The decomposition of sinapinic acid with heating at 95℃ was accelerated at higher pH; the residual levels after 10 min of heating were 80, 45 and 24% at pH 6, 7 and 8, respectively. Levels of reactive oxygen species derived from sinapinic acid also increased after heating at pH 7 and 8. ABTS radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing antioxidant power of sinapinic acid were reduced significantly after heating at pH 7 and 8. The cytotoxic activity of sinapinic acid against HCT116 cells was significantly enhanced after heating at pH 8 with decreased glutathione levels. The results suggest that heat treatment causes changes in the chemical stability and biological activities of sinapinic acid, and such changes are more prominent at higher pH.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.51-65
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of three types of Yongdamsagantanggamibang(YSTG) which has been medicated the patient with inflammatory disease of female genitourinary system. Methods: To verify the anti-inflammatory mechanism of YSTGs, expressions of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1, COX-2 and TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA in THP-1 cells were examined. And we investigated the production levels of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in mouse following LPS co-treatment. Results: 1. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract did not show any cytotoxic effect on human fibroblast cells at any of the concentrations evaluated(500, 250, 125, 62.5, 37.25 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$) 2. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract showed scavenging activity on DPPH free radical and SOD-like activity. 3. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract decreased production levels of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-${\alpha}$ and MCP-1 in LPS-treated THP-1 cells. 4. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract decreased expressions of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1, COX-2 and TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA in LPS-treated THP-1 cells. 5. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract decreased production levels of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in serum of LPS-treated mouse. Conclusion: Based on results above, it is revealed three types of YSTG have the anti-inflammatory effect, and may be effective in the treatment for inflammatory disease of female genitourinary system.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.357-363
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• 2011

In this study, the antioxidative effects and inhibitory activities on tyrosinase of Rheum undulatum (R.undulatum) L. extracts were investigated. 50 % ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and aglycone fractions of R. undulatum L. were used in experiments. The DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activities ($FSC_{50}$) of R. undulatum L. extracts was lower than (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol, known as a typical antioxidant. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities ($OSC_{50}$) of aglycone fraction on ROS generated in $Fe^{3+}$-EDTA/$H_2O_2$ system using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay showed the most prominent effect at a concentration of $0.265\;{\mu}g/mL$. The cellular protective effects of extract/fractions of R. undulatum L. on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were increased in a concentration dependent manner ($1{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/mL$). Especially, aglycone fraction in $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ concentration showed the most protective effect among extracts (${\tau}_{50}$, 757.0 min). The inhibitory effects ($IC_{50}$, $11.20\;{\mu}g/mL$) on tyrosinase of aglycone fraction was much higher than arbutin ($226.88\;{\mu}g/mL$), known as a whitening agent. These results indicate that R. undulatum L. extracts can be used as antioxidant. Particularly, aglycone fraction of R. undulatum L. showed superior antioxdative activity and high inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. Therefore, aglycone fraction of R. undulatum L. could be applicable to new functional cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.275-282
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• 2012

In this study, the antioxidative effects of extracts from different parts of Juncus effusus L. were investigated. The three parts (above-ground part, below-ground part, medulla part) were selected. 50 % ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and aglycone fractions of J. effusus L. were used in experiments. The highest DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activities ($FSC_{50}$) was shown by medulla part (42.9 ${\mu}g/mL$) in 50 % ethanol extracts, below-ground part (12.1 ${\mu}g/mL$) in ethyl acetate fractions, and below-ground part (12.1 ${\mu}g/mL$) in aglycone fractions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities ($OSC_{50}$) on ROS generated in $Fe^{3+}$-EDTA/$H_2O_2$ system using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay showed the most prominent effect of medulla part (0.29 ${\mu}g/mL$) in 50 % ethanol extracts, below-ground part (0.25 ${\mu}g/mL$) in ethyl acetate fractions, and medulla part (0.20 ${\mu}g/mL$) in aglycone fractions. The cellular protective effects of extract/fractions of J. effusus L. on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were increased in a concentration dependent manner (0.5 ~ 10 ${\mu}g/mL$). Especially, aglycone fraction of medulla part at a concentration of 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ showed the most prominent protective effect among all extracts (${\tau}_{50}$, 321.0 min). These results indicate that extracts from below-ground part and medulla part of J. effusus L. extracts can be used as an natural antioxidant. Particularly, J. effusus L. can protect suggesting a high ${\tau}_{50}$ skin where many $^1O_2$ was generated by sunlight exposure.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2015

N,N'-Diferuloyl-putrescine (DFP) present in plants such as Sophora japonica has been reported to have skin depigmentative and antioxidative activities. In this study, DFP, usually presents in nature a very little amount and its derivative (DFP-D) were synthesized in a large quantity for the use as functional cosmetical materials. The antioxidative activities of synthesized DFP and DFP-D were evaluated by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, chemiluminescence assay, and cell protective effect induced by $^1O_2$, stress. DFP and DFP-D showed DPPH radical scavenging activities ($FSC_{50}$) at $61.25{\pm}2.25{\mu}M$ and $12.92{\pm}0.72{\mu}M$, respectively. ROS (reactive oxygen species) scavenging activities ($OSC_{50}$) in the $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$ system of DFP and DFP-D were 2 times ($1.84{\pm}0.12{\mu}M$) and 13 times ($0.174{\pm}0.01{\mu}M$), respectively higher than that of L-ascorbic acid. $^1O_2$, one of ROS playing a key role in the skin photo-aging, induces cellular membrane damages. DFP-D ($50{\mu}M$) showed good cell protective effects (${\tau}_{50}=80.2min$) about 2 times more than that of (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol (${\tau}_{50}=43.6min$). These results suggest that the great antioxidative activities of DFP and DFP-D could be applied to cosmetic industries as functional cosmetic materials.