• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 1997

Scutellariae radix, has been used as a natural drug for fever, inflammation, cataract, and liver disease in traditional medicine. This study was performed in order to investigate the antioxidative effects of Scutellariae radix aqua-acupuncture solution (SRAS) on lipid peroxidation by free radicals. Lipid peroxidation levels were determined by TBA method during the autoxidation of linoleic acid. In this linoleic acid autoxidation system, SRAS markedly exhibited antioxidant activity, which inhibited 89% of linoleic acid peroxidation. SRAS showed scavenging effects on ${\alpha},{\alpha}-diphenyl-{\beta}-picrylhydrazyl$(DPPH) radical, inhibited superoxide generation in xanthine-xathine oxidase system, and also inhibited lipid peroxidation of rat liver tissue by hydroxyl radical derived from $H_2O_2-FE^{+2}$ system. These effects were similar to those of $dl-{\alpha}-tocopherol$, BHA and BHT. In addition, SRAS protected the cell death induced by ter-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell (Ac2F). On the basis of these results, it is suggested that SRAS might play a protective role in lipid peroxidation by free radicals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.7-7
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• 2010

Energy harvesting from the environment has been of great interest as a standalone power source of wireless sensor nodes for Ubiquitous Sensor Networks(USN). In particular, the piezoelectric energy harvesting from ambient vibration sources has intensively researched because it has a relatively high power density comparing with other energy scavenging methods. Through recent advances in low power consumption RF transmitters and sensors, it is possible to adopt a micro-power energy harvesting system realized by MEMS technology for the system-on-chip. However, the MEMS energy harvesting system has some drawbacks such as a high natural frequency over 300 Hz and a small power generation due to a small dimension. To overcome these limitations, we devised a novel power generator with a spiral spring structure as shown in the figure. The natural frequency of a cantilever could be decreased to the usable frequency region (under 300 Hz) because the natural frequency depends on the length of a cantilever. In this study, the natural frequency of the energy harvester was a lower than a normal cantilever structure and sufficiently controllable in 50 - 200 Hz frequency region as adjusting weight of a proof mass. Moreover, the MEMS energy harvester had a high energy conversion efficiency using a shear mode ($d_{15}$) is much larger than a 33 mode ($d_{33}$) and the energy conversion efficiency is proportional to the piezoelectric constant (d). We expect the spiral type MEMS power generator would be a good candidate for a standalone power generator for USN.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.226-234
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• 2021

Two species, P. pyrifolia and P. ussuriensis, of the genus Pyrus native to Korea, are valuable genetic resources that can be used for food, dietary supplement, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. Bioactive compounds of the plant leaves are the main components that are used for the products. Farmers had cultivated a few individuals from the wild to produce fruits or leaves for traditional remedy or tea; however, bioactive components of their leaves are not tested. We selected some trees from the natural stand that have distinct traits for the improvement program. We investigated the bioassay on the extracts' bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity from the selected accessions and other accessions, including newly developed cultivars. The contents of the phenolic compounds and flavonoids from the leaf extracts of the selected accessions were higher than the commonly cultivated trees in both species but lower than 'Sanhyang' in P. ussuriensis. The antioxidant capacity was measured using two assay methods, DPPH and ABST. The selected cultivars also had higher inhibitory activity than common trees. The selected accession 'Cultivar 3' in P. pyrifolia had the highest radical scavenging activity than others. Although leaves of the accessions were used only in this study, all three selected individuals have the potential for cultivar in containing high bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.463-469
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• 2021

Bioactivities of curcumin, a major pigment of Curcuma longa L., have been widely investigated. In this study, the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of curcumin and its analogs including ferulic acid, dibenzoylmethane (DBM), and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), and their structure-activity relationships were assessed. Ferulic acid, THC, and curcumin showed strong scavenging activities against several radicals and exhibited considerable lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. Curcumin showed the strongest cytotoxic activities against HeLa, HCT-116, IEC-6 and INT 407 cells, whereas ferulic acid did not show any cytotoxic effect up to 100 µM against these cell lines. Cytotoxicity of curcumin and THC was significantly enhanced by superoxide dismutase and diminished by N-acetylcysteine. The combination treatment of curcumin and ferulic acid enhanced the cytotoxicity, whereas the combination of curcumin and DBM offset their toxicity. These results suggest that methoxy phenolic and β-diketon moieties are crucial for the antioxidant- and cytototoxic activities of curcumin, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.272-279
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• 2022

Polyphenols are chemically unstable, and their bioactivities are reduced through oxidation. Photosensitizers (PS) induce photo-oxidation in various food systems. In this study, effects of dietary PS such as riboflavin (Rb), erythrosin B (EB), and zinc protoporphyrin on the auto-oxidation of polyphenols, gallic acid (GA) and tannic acid (TA) were evaluated under a fluorescent light. The formation of oxidation products from GA and TA increased in a PS concentration- and irradiation time-dependent manner. In addition, Rb and EB induced significant reduction in the polyphenols contents and ABTS radical scavenging activity of GA and TA under light. PS significantly enhanced the amount of reactive oxygen species generated from GA and TA. Therefore, the interaction of polyphenols with PS under light results in acceleration of polyphenol oxidation. This phenomenon should be carefully considered during food processing and storage.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to investigate antioxidant activities of freeze-dried, main root, and fine root of ginseng (Panax ginseng CA. Meyer), which were extracted with various solvents including ethanol, methanol, and water. Ethanol extracts in both parts showed the most powerful scavenging activities against DPPH radicals. Especially, ethanol extract of fine root had higher reducing power and antioxidant capacity than that of main root. The highest antioxidant activity in linoleic acid emulsion system was also observed in fine root extracted with ethanol, followed by methanol and water. Both ferrous ion chelating activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of extracts were increased with the increase of extracts concentration. These results suggest that ethanol extract of fine root of ginseng has the most effective antioxidant capacity compared to the methanol and water extracts tested in the present study. Thus it can be applied for the effective extraction of functional material from ginseng for the usage of pharmaceutical and/or food industries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4655-4660
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• 2012

Opuntia humifusa, member of the Cactaceae family, was previously demonstrated to have radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects in in vitro models. It was suggested that O. humifusa could function in the prevention of carcinogenesis. To investigate the in vivo chemopreventive effect of O. humifusa, mice were fed a diet containing either 1% or 3% following 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induction of skin carcinogenesis. Significant decrease in the numbers of papilloma and epidermal hyperplasia were observed in mice fed with O. humifusa, compared to the control group. O. humifusa also upregulated high total antioxidant capacity and level of phase II detoxifying enzyme such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase activity in the skin. Lipid peroxidation activity level was measured in skin cytosol and significantly inhibited in 3% OH fed group compared to the control group. These results suggest that O. humifusa exerts chemopreventive effects on chemical carcinogenesis in mouse skin and that prevention effects are associated with reduction of oxidative stress via the modulation of cutaneous lipid peroxidation, enhancing of total antioxidant capacity especially in phase II detoxifying enzyme system and partial apoptotic influence.

• CELLMED
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.14.1-14.6
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• 2018

Santalum album Linn. [Family: Santalaceae] is commonly known as white sandalwood, sandal safaid and safed chandan. It is one of the most valuable trees and second costliest wood in the world. Sandalwood and its oil is extensively used in the Unani and other traditional systems of medicine as it has blood purifier, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, exhilarant, cardiotonic, antiseptic, nervine tonic and expectorant properties. It is used in skin, cardiac, liver, gastrointestinal, respiratory, integument and urogenital disorders. These uses are supported and proven by many in vitro or in vivo studies. The proven pharmacological activities of S. album are antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and anti-fatigue. The research has proven that sandal oil or its constituents have anti-microbial activity. Sandalwood oil showed skin cancer preventive effect in mice and its constituent alpha santalol showed the anticancer property. The methanolic extract of wood was confirmed for antioxidant, free radical scavenging, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ santalols present in sandal oil showed sedative effects. Sandalwood tea had a significant effect on heart muscles of frog and showed increased myocardial contractility. Its oil showed significant changes in hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Sandalwood oil and its major constituents showed less acute oral and dermal toxicity in laboratory animals. Hence, the aforementioned studies justify the uses of sandalwood and its oil mentioned in the classical Unani literature. However, further clinical trials are suggested to confirm its efficacy and safety in humans.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.76-83
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• 2014

In this study, we have investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of Rehmannia glutinosa JungKwa (RJ) prepared with different types of sugars (sucrose, isomalto-oligosaccharide, honey or sorbitol). Moisture content was the highest in RJ with honey. The pH level was the highest in RJ with sorbitol, whereas the acidity is the highest in honey. The reducing sugar content is the highest in RJ with honey. The L and a values of Hunter color system showed the highest in RJ with honey, while the b value the highest in RJ with sorbitol. The hardness of texture profile analyses represented the lowest in RJ with sorbitol. Sensory results showed that RJ with sugar was the best in the sensory preference test. The total phenol content was the highest in RJ with honey, while the lowest in RJ with sorbitol. The antioxidant activity determined by $IC_{50}$ values of DPPH and hydroxy radical scavenging activities was the highest in RJ with honey. From these results, it was suggested that RJ with honey show the highest antioxidant activity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2019

In order to research the anti-oxidative activity of methanol extract of Phellinus baumii Pilat (Hymenochaetaceae), Caenorhabditis elegans model system was used. Ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the methanol extract showed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging activity. The ethyl acetate fraction was measured on its activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and oxidative stress tolerance with reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in C. elegans. Furthermore, to see if regulation of stress-response gene is responsible for the increased stress tolerance of C. elegans which treated by the ethyl acetate fraction, we checked SOD-3 expression using a transgenic strain. Consequently, the ethyl acetate fraction of P. baumii increased SOD and the catalase activities in a dose-dependent manner in C. elegans, reduced ROS accumulation dose-dependently. Besides, the ethyl acetate fraction-treated CF1553 worms showed higher SOD-3::GFP intensity than the control worms.