• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.38-46
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• 1996

This paper discusses the feasibility of Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation (UNDE) technique for sport weld quality. Ultrasonic c-scan image assisted by image processing technique was used for Nondestructive Evaluation(NDE) of spot weld quality. Ultrasonic testing results obtained were confirmed and compared by Optical Microscope and SAM(Scanning Acoustic Mircroscope) observation of the spot-weld cross section, The results show that the nugget dinameter can be successfully measured with the accuracy of 0.5mm. It was ascertained that ultrasonic c-scan technique is very effective method for the sake of the approach to the quantitative measurement of nugget diameter and the discrimination of the corona bond from nugget. Additional support for the above conclusions is provided by the results for galvanized steel. The ultrasonic results for galvanized welds generally correspond to the results for uncoated steel. Finally, it was found that the above-mentioned technique can be sufficiently applied to NDE method for securing the Quality Assurance(QA) of spot welded products in production line.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2003

In this paper, when CF/PEEK laminates for high efficiency space structure are subjected to FOD(Foreign Object Damage), the effects of temperature change on the impact damages(interlaminar separation and transverse crack) of CF/PEEK laminates and the relationship between residual lift and impact damages are experimentally investigated. Composite laminates used in this experiment are CF/PEEK orthotropic laminated plates, which have two-interlaces [$0^{\circ}_4/90^{\circ}_8/0^{\circ}_4$]. A steel ball launched by the air gun collides against CF/PEEK laminates to generate impact damages. And then CF/PEEK specimens with impact damages are observed by a scanning acoustic microscope under room and high temperatures. In this experimental results, various relations are experimentally observed including the delamination area vs. temperature change, the bending strength vs. impact energy and the residual bending strength vs. impact damage of CF/PEEK laminates.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.38-46
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• 1995

In this paper, an experimental study on the effects of the impact damage and the perforation characteristic of CFRP laminates with different fiber stacking orientation and ply number was done through an observation of interrelations between the impact energy vs. transmitted energy and the impact energy vs. absorbed energy per unit volume. The velocities of the ball before or after impact are measured by the high-speed camera. And when CFRP laminates are subjected to tranverse impact by a steel ball(${\phi}10$), the delamination shapes generated by impact damage are observed by using SAM (Scanning acoustic Microscope).

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.66-75
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• 1994

In this paper, the effects of temperature change on the impact damages of CF/PEEK laminates are experimentally investigated. Composite laminates used in this experiment are CF/PEEK orthotropic laminated plates, which have two-interfaces$[0^{\circ}_4/90^{\circ}_4]_{9+} A steel ball launched by the air gun collides against CFRP laminates to generate impact damage. The delamination damages are oberved by a scanning acoustic microscope. And various relations are experimentally observed including the impact energy vs. delamination area, the specimen temperature vs. transverse crack, and the impact energy vs. residual bending strength of carbon fiber peek composite laminates subjected to FOD(Foreign Object Damage) under high temperatures.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.408-417
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• 2003

항공전자산업이나 반도체 산업분야에서 제품에 대한 품질관리와 안정성 확보 및 생산공정의 경비절감이라는 차원에서 초음파현미경이 사용되고 있다. 기존의 초음파현미경은 음향렌즈의 단일 특성주파수에서만 영상을 획득함으로써 깊이방향의 영상분해능이 결정되어졌다. 본 연구에서는 음향렌즈의 대역폭 내에서 동작주파수를 변화시키면서 K/sub z/방향성분의 지연을 일으켜 K/sub z/ 방향의 대역폭을 증가시키므로 깊이 분해능이 향상됨을 보였다. 실험에서는 내부의 홀을 갖는 시료와 깊은 홈을 갖는 시료에 대해 다중주파수 (4.4 ㎒∼5.6㎒)를 적용한 결과, 영상강도의 변화가 단일 주파수인 경우 10%이내로 변화하였으나 다중주파수의 경우 50%로 나타났다 한편 결함의 깊이가 다른 고체 내부의 결함에 대한초음파 영상의 복원시, 진폭의 경우에는 단일 주파수를 사용한 경우 결함의 형태는 나타났으나 깊이 정보는 알 수 없었고 다중 주파수를 사용한 경우 깊이에 따라 다른 영상 강도를 나타내며 출력되었다. 따라서 초음파 현미경에서 다중주파수를 사용할 경우, 깊이방향으로 더 좋은 영상분해능을 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.450-450
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• 2009

최근 전세계적으로 태양전지의 대량보급에 따라 실리콘 원료의 공급에 차질이 생겨 원자재 값이 상승하는 추세에 있다. 결정질 실리콘 태양전지의 제조비용중 실리콘 재료 및 웨이퍼가 차지하는 비율은 약 50~60%정도로 높기 때문에 실리콘 웨이퍼의 두께를 감소시키는 것이 비용절감을 위한 효과적인 방법으로 기대되고 있다. 그러나 실리콘 웨이퍼의 두께가 앓아질수록 제조공정중 균열이나 파손이 발생할 가능성이 높아지기 때문에 이에 따른 실리콘 웨이퍼의 기계적 물성에 대한 연구가 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 상용으로 사용되고 있는 크기가 5 인치인 $200{\mu}m$ 두께의 실리콘웨이퍼 (As-saw)를 약 80여개의 시편으로 절단한 후 각각의 파단강도를 부위별로 측정하였다. 또한 표면절단결함을 제거하는 saw damage etching(SDE) 시간을 제어하여 두께가 $150{\mu}m$, $130{\mu}m$인 웨이퍼를 준비하였다. 이들 시험편에 대해서도 부위별 파단강도를 측정하여 as-saw상태의 시험편과 비교하였다. 파단강도 측정은 4 접 굽힘시험을 통하여 측정하였으며 파단면은 주사전자현미경을 통하여 관찰하였다. 또한 실리콘 웨이퍼의 미세균열을 비파괴적으로 검출하기 위하여 100MHz 고주파수를 이용하는 초음파현미경(SAM, scanning acoustic microscope)을 이용하여 균열의 분포를 영상화하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1836-1842
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• 1996

In this paper, static and fatigue bending strengths of CFRP(carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates having impact damage(FOD) are evaluated. Composite laminates used for this experiment are CF/EPOXY and CF/PEEK orthotropy laminated plates, which have two-interfaces[${0^0}_4{90^0}_4}$]$_sym$. A steel ball launched by the air gun colides against CFRP laminates to generate impact damages. The damage growth during bending fatigue test is observed by the scanning acoustic microscope(SAM). When the impacted side is compressed, the residual fatigue bending strength of CF/PEEK specimen P is greater that that of CF/EPOXY SPECIMEN B. On the other hand, when the impacted side is in tension, the residual fatigue bending strength of CF/PEEK speicemen P is smaller than that of CF/EPOXY specimen B. In the case of impacted-side compression, fracture is proposed from the transverse crack generated near impact point. On the other hand, fracture is developed toward the impact point from the edge of interface-b delamination in the case of impacted-side tension.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.247-258
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• 2000

It is thought that impact damages and hygrothermals can affect to CFRP (Carbon-fiber reinforced plastic) composite laminated due to the sensitivity on the composite laminated Therefore, this paper focuses on the fracture mechanisms experimentally based on a scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) when subjected to impact damages, i.e., foreign object damages(FOD), and also the influence of impact damages and hygrothermals on residual fatigue bending strength of CFRP laminates. Composite laminates used in the experiment are CF/EPOXY orthotropy laminated plates, which constist of two-interfaces [04/904]s. A steel ball launched by an air gun collides against CFRP laminates to generate impact damages. Bending fatigue tests are periodically interrupted for a nondestructive evaluation (NDE) measurement of the progrossive damages to built the fracture mechanism by impact damages, and three-point fatigue bending tests are carried out to investigate the influence of hygrothermals on the effect on the residual bending fatigue strength of CFRP laminates.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2005

In this paper, when CF/EPOXY laminates for high efficiency space structure are subjected to FOD(Foreign Object Damage), the effects of temperature change on the impact damages(inter laminar separation and transverse crack) of CF/EPOXY laminates and the relationship between residual life and impact damages ale experimentally investigated. Composite laminates used in this experiment are CF/EPOXY orthotropic laminated plates, which have two-interfaces $[0^{\circ}_6/90^{\circ}_6]S$ and four-interfaces $[0^{\circ}_3/90^{\circ}_6/0^{\circ}_3]S$. CF/EPOXY specimens with impact damages caused by a steel ball launched from the air gun were observed by the scanning acoustic microscope under room and high temperatures. In this experimental results, various relations were experimentally observed including the delamination area vs. temperature change, the bending strength vs. impact energy and the residual bending strength vs. impact damage of CF/EPOXY laminates. And as the temperature of CF/PEEK laminates increases, the delaminaion areas of impact-induced damages decrease linearly. A linear relationship between the impact energy and the delamination areas were observed. As the temperature of CF/PEEK laminates increases, the delamination areas decrease because of higher initial delaminatin damage energy.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 음향-광 효과를 이용한 STAM 시스템으로부터 얻을 수 있는 토모그라픽 영상의 분해능을 해석하였다. 이를 위하여 BFP 토모그라픽 복원 알고리즘을 이용하여 초음파변환기 회전장치와 시료 회전장치에 대한 측방향과 축방향 분해능을 해석하였다. Matlab을 이용한 분석결과, 축방향 분해능은 두 회전장치 모두 약 1.5 파장정도로 좋은 분해능을 나타내었다. 측방향 분해능은 시료 회전장치인 경우 x와 yqkdgid에서 0.53 파장의 동일한 분해능을 보였으며 초음파변환기 회전장치인 경우에는 x와 yqkdgid에서 각각 0.56 및 0.70 파장의 분해능을 나타내었다. 결과적으로 STAM 시스템은 시료회전장치를 사용할 때 더 좋은 분해능을 얻을 수 있음을 보였다.