• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.687-700
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• 2015

Lines of non-extension (LoNEs) on torso surface during arm abduction were investigated to provide appropriate location for inserting less-extensible yarns which can be used as seams for design and or clothing pressure variation. As experimental methods, reference points about 3 cm apart were marked on the skin and scanned at 30, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$ arm abduction. Skin deformation was measured by connecting reference points in horizontal, vertical and various angles of diagonal directions. Observation of skin deformation was made within the separated sections of the torso as well as integrated ones to cover the various occasions of design application. LoNEs of front and back torso were provided as mapping lines. Actual compression wear of three types was constructed with different pattern reduction rate at each separated section using LoNEs as boundary cutting lines. Clothing pressure and subjective evaluations of those three compression wear were evaluated by six subjects. LoNEs found in this study were useful as seam lines to differentiate clothing pressure at each part of the body, providing positive wear sensation. It is also expected that LoNEs can be paths for less strechable conductive yarns of IT-integrated upper garments.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1997-2003
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• 2009

Methods for effective musical score recognition and efficient editing of musical scores are demanded because functions of computers for researches on musical activities become more and more important parts in recent days. In the conventional methods for handling musical scores manually, there are weak points such as incorrect score symbols in input process and requirement of much time to adjust the incorrect symbols. And also there is another weak point that the scores edited by each application program can be remodified by a specific application program only. In this paper, we proposed a method for automatic musical score recognition of printed musical scores in order to make up for the weak points. In the proposed method, staffs in a scanned score image are eliminated by horizontal histogram, noises are removed by 4 directional edge tracking algorithm, and then musical score symbols are extracted by using Grassfire algorithm. The extracted symbols are recognized by hierarchical ART2 algorithm. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we used 100 musical scores for experiment. In the experiment, we verified that the proposed method using hierarchical ART2 algorithm is efficient.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

This study used the keypoint observed simultaneously on two images and on twodimensional intensity image data, which was obtained along with the two point clouds data that were approached for automatic focus among points on terrestrial LiDAR data, and selected matching point through SIFT algorithm. Also, for matching error diploid, RANSAC algorithm was applied to improve the accuracy of focus. As calculating the degree of three-dimensional rotating transformation, which is the transformation-type parameters between two points, and also the moving amounts of vertical/horizontal, the result was compared with the existing result by hand. As testing the building of College of Science at Konkuk University, the difference of the transformation parameters between the one through automatic matching and the one by hand showed 0.011m, 0.008m, and 0.052m in X, Y, Z directions, which concluded to be used as the data for automatic focus.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.316-326
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• 2021

PURPOSE. Purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the accuracy of different intraoral scans versus laboratory scans of impressions and casts for the digitization of an edentulous maxilla. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A PEEK model of an edentulous maxilla, featuring four hemispheres on the alveolar ridges in region 13, 17, 23 and 27, was industrially digitized to obtain a reference dataset (REF). Intraoral scans using Cerec Primescan AC (PRI) and Cerec AC Omnicam (OMN), as well as conventional impressions (scannable polyvinyl siloxane) were carried out (n = 25). Conventional impressions (E5I) and referring plaster casts were scanned with the inEOS X5 (E5M). All datasets were exported in STL and analyzed (Geomagic Qualify). Linear and angular differences were evaluated by virtually constructed measurement points in the centers of the hemispheres (P13, P17, P23, P27) and lines between the points (P17-P13, P17-P23, P17-P27). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Shapiro-Wilk test were performed to test for normal distribution, Kruskal-Wallis-H test, and Mann-Whitney-U test to detect significant differences in trueness, followed by 2-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to detect significant differences in precision (P < .008). RESULTS. Group PRI showed the highest trueness in linear and angular parameters (P < .001), while group E5I showed the highest precision (P < .001). CONCLUSION. Intraoral scan data obtained using Primescan showed the highest trueness while the indirect digitization of impressions showed the highest precision. To enhance the workflow, indirect digitization of the impression itself appears to be a reasonable technique, as it combines fast access to the digital workflow with the possibility of functional impression of mucosal areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 1993

Investigation is given to the detailed procedure of a computer assisted automatic correction for scanning errors of the digital images of close-range photographs scanned by the CCD camera scanner. After determination of the exterior orientation parameters, photo coordinates of the all pixels were calculated using collinearity equation. For the generation of geometric corrected image from the photo coordinates of the all pixels, inverse-weighted-distance average method was used. And the accuracy of the resulting new image was checked comparing its image coordinates with there corresponding ground coordinates for the check points.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.191-199
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• 1993

Investigation is given to the detailed procedure of a computer assisted automatic technique for ortho-image generation from digital stereo image data of close-range photographs scanned by the CCD camera scanner. After rectification of geometric scanning errors, the bundle adjustment technique was used to determine the exterior orientation parameters of terrestrial camera. An automatic correlation matching technique was applied to search for the conjugate pixels in digital stereo pairs. And the 3-dimensional coordinates of the corresponding pixels were calculated by the space intersection method. For the generation of ortho-image from the calculated coordinates and right image data values, inverse-weighted-distance average method was used. And the accuracy of the resulting ortho-image was checked by comparing its image coordinates with there corresponding ground coordinates for the check points.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.135-139
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• 2009

In the line heating for the plate forming of a ship's hull, an in line assessment of completion is necessary for an automated production system. In the current curved plate forming process, a fabricated plate is compared to a template that is made in the mold loft and is used for the determination of the heating line for the next step. In this paper, a new method is presented for the in line assessment of completion for curved plate forming. This method uses a 3-D scanner. For the registration of the scanned data for a surface and the target surface, the ICP (Iterative Closest Points) method was adopted. A computer program was developed to carry out the registration, check for similarities, visualize the surface, and control the results. This program was applied to a sample curved plate forming process.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.341-352
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• 2016

Manual 3D pipeline modeling from LiDAR scanned point cloud data is laborious and time-consuming process. This paper presents a method to extract the pipe, elbow and branch information which is essential to the automatic modeling of the pipeline connection. The pipe geometry is estimated from the point cloud data through the Hough transform and the elbow position is calculated by the medial axis intersection for assembling the nearest pair of pipes. The branch is also created for a pair of pipe segments by estimating the virtual points on one pipe segment and checking for any feasible intersection with the other pipe's endpoint within the pre-defined range of distance. As a result of the automatic modeling, a complete 3D pipeline model is generated by connecting the extracted information of pipes, elbows and branches.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.475-483
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of various cement types on the stress distribution in monolithic zirconia crowns under maximum bite force using the finite element analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The models of the prepared #46 crown (deep chamfer margin) were scanned and solid models composed of the monolithic zirconia crown, cement layer, and prepared tooth were produced using the computer-aided design technology and were subsequently translated into 3-dimensional finite element models. Four models were prepared according to different cement types (zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate, glass ionomer, and resin). A load of 700 N was applied vertically on the crowns (8 loading points). Maximum principal stress was determined. RESULTS. Zinc phosphate cement had a greater stress concentration in the cement layer, while polycarboxylate cement had a greater stress concentration on the distal surface of the monolithic zirconia crown and abutment tooth. Resin cement and glass ionomer cement showed similar patterns, but resin cement showed a lower stress distribution on the lingual and mesial surface of the cement layer. CONCLUSION. The test results indicate that the use of different luting agents that have various elastic moduli has an impact on the stress distribution of the monolithic zirconia crowns, cement layers, and abutment tooth. Resin cement is recommended for the luting agent of the monolithic zirconia crowns.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1961-1970
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• 2002

A laser scanner is widely used fur a device fur acquiring point data in reverse engineering. It is more efficient to generate a surface automatically from the line-typed data than scattered data of points clouds. In the case of a compound model, it is hard to represent all the scanned data into one surface maintaining its original line characteristics. In this paper, a method is presented to generate a surface by the segmentation of measured point data. After forming triangular net, the segmentation is done by the user input such as the angle between triangles, the number of facets to be considered as small segment, and the angle for combining small segment. B-spline fitting is implemented to the point data in each segment. The surface generation through segmentation shows a reliable result when it is applied to the models with curvature deviation regions. An useful algorithm for surface reconstruction is developed and verified by applying an practical model and shows a good tools fur reverse engineering in design modification.