• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.1
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• pp.38-50
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• 1999

Currently many devices reproduce electronic images in the various ways. However the color that is reproduced in any device is different from the original color due to the difference in the gamut between devices. In this paper, an image dependent gamut mapping method is proposed. This method clips the chroma with compensating for the change of lightness caused by the lightness scaling. The anchor point, which is the center point in the mapping, is set as a lower point by the proposed method than a point by the conventional mapping method. This reduces the color difference between point. In addition, to heighten the color contrast on the constant hue, the different two mapping methods are applied to the printer gamut which is divided in two region, bright region and dark region. Consequently, the printer output image was highly consistent with the corresponding monitor image.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.551-560
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this present study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a needs scale for patients with cancer undergoing follow-up care (NS-C). Methods: A preliminary NS-C of 48 was derived from literature reviews and in-depth interviews with patients with cancer. Content validation of the items was established by oncology physicians and nurses. Each item was scored on a five-point Likert scale. The preliminary NS-C and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status questionnaires were administered to 873 patients with cancer recruited from three university hospitals. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, multidimensional scaling analysis, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha. Results: From the factor analysis, 25 significant items in six subscales were derived. The subscales were named physical symptoms, diet and exercise, support, relationship with health professionals, treatment/prognosis, and keeping mind under control. The NS-C also established item convergent and discriminant validity, and known-groups validity. Cronbach's alpha of the subscales ranged from .90 to .92. Conclusion: This study suggests that the NS-C is an easy, reliable and valid instrument to measure the needs of patients with cancer. Health professionals may use the NS-C for patients with cancer both in practice and research.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.540-550
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• 2016

Since energy efficiency has become a significant concern for network infrastructure, next-generation network devices are expected to have embedded advanced power management capabilities. However, how to effectively exploit the green capabilities is still a big challenge, especially given the high heterogeneity of devices and their internal architectures. In this paper, we introduce a hierarchical power management architecture (HPMA) which represents physical components whose power can be monitored and controlled at various levels of a device as entities. We use energy aware state (EAS) as the power management setting mode of each device entity. The power policy controller is capable of getting information on how many EASes of the entity are manageable inside a device, and setting a certain EAS configuration for the entity. We propose the optimal local control policy which aims to minimize the router power consumption while meeting the performance constraints. A first-order Markov chain is used to model the statistical features of the network traffic load. The dynamic EAS configuration problem is formulated as a Markov decision process and solved using a dynamic programming algorithm. In addition, we demonstrate a reference implementation of the HPMA and EAS concept in a NetFPGA frequency scaled router which has the ability of toggling among five operating frequency options and/or turning off unused Ethernet ports.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.397-402
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• 2020

Collagen type I is the most abundant protein in the human body. It shows viscoelastic behavior, which is what confers tendons with their viscoelastic properties. There are two different temperature setting methods in molecular dynamics simulations, namely rescaling and reassignment. The rescaling method maintains the temperature by scaling the given temperature, while the reassignment method sets the temperature according to a Maxwell distribution at the target temperature. We observed time-dependent behavior when the reassignment method was applied in tensile simulation, but not when the rescaling method was applied. Time-dependent behavior was observed only when the reassignment method was applied or when one side of the collagen molecule was stretched to a greater extent than the other side. As result, the collagen is elongated to 80nm, 100nm, 130nm, and 180nm, respectively, when the collagen is pulled by different velocities, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 Å/ps, up to 40 Å. The results do not provide a detailed physical explanation, but the phenomena illustrated in this result are important for caution when further simulations are performed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.109-115
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• 2013

This study targeted 501 the elderly ages 65 or over in three places including the Senior Welfare Center and the college for seniors located in Daegu City and Gyeongsangbuk-do. The study results on the preference for oral health care management items across different ages showed that the age group of 65~69 fluoride application; the age group of 65~74 scaling and education of brushing; the age group of 70~74 denture cleaning and maintenance; the age group of 75 denture production. In the relationship between the self-perceived oral condition and the items of oral health care management, respondents who currently have a poor oral condition or have greater chewing trouble, or have higher dry mouth, preference the manufacturing of dentures in most cases. Respondents who have a lower number of teeth or wear dentures preference dentures cleansing and management in most cases. Respondents who have shaking teeth or have frequent tooth pain preference tooth extraction. Since the preference for oral health care management items may differ by their age or oral condition, oral health management customized to each individual should be applied.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.594-603
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• 2007

This paper proposes a watermarking scheme for 3D CAD design drawing. In the proposed scheme, we embed binary watermarks into line, arc, and polygon face components that are the basic component of 3D CAD design drawing. The embedding target component can be selected randomly among three components or by the component distribution in drawing. In line components, a watermark bit is embedded into the ratio of the length of a target line and an average length of lines that are connected into a target line. Furthermore, a watermark bit is embedded into a curvature radius on the basis of a center point in a arc component and also is embedded into a ratio of two sides in a polygonal face component. Experimental results verified that the proposed watermarking has the robustness against Format conversion, rotation translation, scaling, cropping, and layer cutting and also SNR of watermarked component is about 39.89-42.50 dB.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.149-159
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a blind watermarking algorithm of 3d mesh model using spherical parameterization. Spherical parameterization is a useful method which is applicable to 3D data processing. Especially, orthogonal coordinate can not analyse the feature of the vertex coordination of the 3D mesh model, but this is possible to analyse and process. In this paper, the centroid center of the 3D model was set to the origin of the spherical coordinate, the orthogonal coordinate system was transformed to the spherical coordinate system, and then the spherical parameterization was applied. The watermark was embedded via addition/modification of the vertex after the feature analysis of the geometrical information and topological information. This algorithm is robust against to the typical geometrical attacks such as translation, scaling and rotation. It is also robust to the mesh reordering, file format change, mesh simplification, and smoothing. In this case, the this algorithm can extract the watermark information about $90{\sim}98%$ from the attacked model. This means it can be applicable to the game, virtual reality and rapid prototyping fields.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.231-257
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• 2022

Transmission lines systems are important components of the electrical power infrastructure. However, these systems are vulnerable to damage from high wind events such as hurricanes. This study presents the results from a 1:50 scale aeroelastic model of a multi-span transmission lines system subjected to simulated hurricane winds. The transmission lines system considered in this study consists of three lattice towers, four spans of conductors and two end-frames. The aeroelastic tests were conducted at the NSF NHERI Wall of Wind Experimental Facility (WOW EF) at the Florida International University (FIU). A horizontal distortion scaling technique was used in order to fit the entire model on the WOW turntable. The system was tested at various wind speeds ranging from 35 m/s to 78 m/s (equivalent full-scale speeds) for varying wind directions. A system identification (SID) technique was used to evaluate experimental-based along-wind aerodynamic damping coefficients and compare with their theoretical counterparts. Comparisons were done for two aeroelastic models: (i) a self-supported lattice tower, and (ii) a multi-span transmission lines system. A buffeting analysis was conducted to estimate the response of the conductors and compare it to measured experimental values. The responses of the single lattice tower and the multi-span transmission lines system were compared. The coupling effects seem to drastically change the aerodynamic damping of the system, compared to the single lattice tower case. The estimation of the drag forces on the conductors are in good agreement with their experimental counterparts. The incorporation of the change in turbulence intensity along the height of the towers appears to better estimate the response of the transmission tower, in comparison with previous methods which assumed constant turbulence intensity. Dynamic amplification factors and gust effect factors were computed, and comparisons were made with code specific values. The resonance contribution is shown to reach a maximum of 18% and 30% of the peak response of the stand-alone tower and entire system, respectively.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2024

Purpose: The planning of medical facilities involves formulating a comprehensive medical basic plan, translating it into spatial dimensions through a space program. Feasibility assessment often relies on empirical methods like floor area per bed. However, with the shift towards specialized medical concepts, proportional scaling to bed numbers is challenging. This study proposes scale planning improvements during the feasibility assessment stage for comprehensive hospitals, analyzing cases using area determination factors and standard areas based on medical resources. Methods: The Korean Development Institute's Public Investment Management Center (KDI) identified issues in the scale determination of medical facilities in the Preliminary Feasibility Study Guidelines and investigated alternative approaches for determining the scale of a case that passed the preliminary feasibility study in 2019. The study assessed the feasibility of applying individual factors to determine not only the number of beds but also the scale at the sector and department levels. Additionally, a statistical analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between the total number of beds and various area determination factors. Results: Results suggest a strong correlation between total beds and major equipment needs, but in hospitals with <500 beds, this correlation weakens. Ward section scale is better calculated per ward type, not just total beds. Outpatient department scale depends on specialists, influencing treatment room numbers. Medical personnel play a crucial role in determining the scale of sections like rehabilitation therapy rooms, operating rooms, dialysis rooms, and overall facility scale.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2024

Despite the rapid development of sensors, structural health monitoring (SHM) still faces challenges in monitoring due to the degradation of devices and harsh environmental loads. These challenges can lead to measurement errors, missing data, or outliers, which can affect the accuracy and reliability of SHM systems. To address this problem, this study proposes a classification method that detects anomaly patterns in sensor data. The proposed classification method involves several steps. First, data scaling is conducted to adjust the scale of the raw data, which may have different magnitudes and ranges. This step ensures that the data is on the same scale, facilitating the comparison of data across different sensors. Next, informative features in the time and frequency domains are extracted and used as input for a deep neural network model. The model can effectively detect the most probable anomaly pattern, allowing for the timely identification of potential issues. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, it was applied to actual data obtained from a long-span cable-stayed bridge in China. The results of the study have successfully verified the proposed method's applicability to practical SHM systems for civil infrastructures. The method has the potential to significantly enhance the safety and reliability of civil infrastructures by detecting potential issues and anomalies at an early stage.