• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2007

실무에서 지진해석법으로 널리 쓰이는 방법은 등가정적해석법과 응답스펙트럼해석법이다. 이 중 등가정적해석법에 의한 밑면전단력은 구조물의 주축을 해석좌표축에 어떻게 배치하는가와 상관없이 일관된 값을 나타낸다. 그러나 응답스펙트럼해석은 해석좌표 축에 구조물의 주축을 다르게 배치하여 해석을 수행하면 밑면전단력이 각기 다르게 발생한다. 이는 엔지니어가 구조물을 설계함에 있어 구조물의 주축을 해석좌표축에 어떻게 설정했는지에 따라 설계부재력이 모두 달라질 수 있음을 뜻한다. 또한 응답스펙트럼해석은 지진을 가한 방향의 직각방향에서 적지 않은 응답이 발생하는 경우가 생긴다. 한방향 해석에 대한 X와 Y축을 따라 분리되는 이러한 양방향 응답은 보정계수 산정시 쓰이는 밑면전단력을 작게 만들며 이는 결과적으로 보정계수를 크게하여 과다설계의 우려가 생긴다. 내진설계시 발생하는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 수평의 강성 차이에 따라 구조물을 크게 세 가지(양방향 대칭 구조물, 한방향 비대칭구조물, 양방향 비대칭구조물)로 분류하여 각각의 경우에 대하여 간단한 모델을 선정하고 구조물의 주축을 회전시켜가면서 지진해석을 수행하였다. 각 경우의 예제구조물이 가지는 동적특성과 설계부재력을 살펴보았다. 현재 실무에서 적용되는 보정계수 산정법에 의한 설계부재력과 앞선 문제들을 해결하고자 본 논문에서 제안하는 새로운 보정계수 산정법에 의한 설계부재력을 비교하여 제안하는 보정계수 산정법의 효율성을 검토하였다. 그 결과로 새로 제안된 보정계수 산정법에 의하여 설계부재력을 산정하는 것이 내진설계시 엔지니어들이 겪을 수 있는 혼란을 덜어주며 경제적인 부재설계가 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of curl-up and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) neck flexion exercises on stroke patients' trunk muscle activity, ability to control the trunk, and balance by comparing two exercise methods. Methods : The study involved patients who had been diagnosed with stroke based on the results of computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging at O Hospital in Daegu, South Korea, between January and July 2020. In total, 30 subjects were selected and by flipping a coin, randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=15) that performed PNF neck flexion exercises and a control group (n=15) that performed curl-up exercises. Both groups received traditional rehabilitation therapy for 30 minutes a day five times a week for a six-week period. In addition, the experimental group performed PNF neck flexion exercises and the control group curl-up exercises for 15 minutes a day five times a week over the same period. The subjects' muscle activity in the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) were measured before and after the experiment. The subjects' trunk impairment scale (TIS) and Berg balance scale (BBS) scores were also assessed. Paired t test was performed to measure the amount of statistical change before and after intervention in both groups. An independent sample T test was performed to measure the amount of statistical change between the two groups. Results : Both groups experienced statistically significant increases in their RA, IO and EO muscle activity, total TIS scores, and total BBS scores after the intervention. No statistically significant differences in the changes before and after the intervention were found for any of the resulting values between the two groups. Conclusion : A comprehensive review of the study's results suggested that neck flexion exercises using the PNF irradiation concept and curl-up exercise are effective in increasing stroke patients' abdominal muscle activity and improving trunk control ability and balance in chronic stroke patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5493-5498
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• 2015

Due to the lack of nationwide population-based cancer registration, the total cancer prevalence in Iran is unknown. Our previous work in which we used a basic network scale-up (NSU) method, failed to provide plausible estimates of total cancer prevalence in Kerman. The aim of the present study was to estimate total and partial prevalence of cancer in southeastern Iran using an adapted version of the generalized network scale-up method. A survey was conducted in 2014 using multi-stage cluster sampling. A total of 1995 face-to-face gender-matched interviews were performed based on an adapted version of the NSU questionnaire. Interviewees were asked about their family cancer history. Total and partial prevalence were estimated using a generalized NSU estimator. The Monte Carlo method was adopted for the estimation of upper/lower bounds of the uncertainty range of point estimates. One-yr, 2-3 yr, and 4-5 yr prevalence (per 100,000 people) was respectively estimated at 78 (95%CI, 66, 90), 128 (95%CI, 118, 147), and 59 (95%CI, 49, 70) for women, and 48 (95%CI, 38, 58), 78 (95%CI, 66, 91), and 42 (95%CI, 32, 52) for men. The 5-yr prevalence of all cancers was estimated at 0.18 percent for men, and 0.27 percent for women. This study showed that the generalized familial network scale-up method is capable of estimating cancer prevalence, with acceptable precision.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2009

In the process of turbine modernizations, the investigation of the influences of water passage roughness on radial flow machine performance is crucial and validates the efficiency step up between reduced scale model and prototype. This study presents the specific losses per component of a Francis turbine, which are estimated by CFD simulation. Simulations are performed for different water passage surface roughness heights, which represents the equivalent sand grain roughness height. As a result, the boundary layer logarithmic velocity profile still exists for rough walls, but moves closer to the wall. Consequently, the wall friction depends not only on roughness height but also on its shape and distribution. The specific losses are determined by CFD numerical simulations for each component of the prototype, taking into account its own specific sand grain roughness height. The model efficiency step up between reduced scale model and prototype value is finally computed by the assessment of specific losses on prototype and by evaluating specific losses for a reduced scale model with smooth walls. Furthermore, surveys of rough walls of each component were performed during the geometry recovery on the prototype and comparisons are made with experimental data from the EPFL Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines reduced scale model measurements. This study underlines that if rough walls are considered, the CFD approach estimates well the local friction loss coefficient. It is clear that by considering sand grain roughness heights in CFD simulations, its forms a significant part of the global performance estimation. The availability of the efficiency field measurements provides an unique opportunity to assess the CFD method in view of a systematic approach for turbine modernization step up evaluation. Moreover, this paper states that CFD is a very promising tool for future evaluation of turbine performance transposition from the scale model to the prototype.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2006

H. erinaceum의 기능성 소재화 연구의 일환으로, 지금까지 체계적으로 연구된 바 없는 H. erinaceum의 액체배양을 시도하고. 이 버섯의 서로 다른 생물반응기하의 액체배양 특성을 규명하고 대량생산을 검토하였다. 5 L 용량의 jar fermenter와 air-lift fermenter에서의 액체배양의 비교실험을 통해 air-lift fermenter의 사용이 종균 배양에 적합한 것으로 나타났으며, 형태 분석을 통해 적정 크기($2{\sim}4mm$)의 pellet 형태의 유지가 대량 생산의 중요인자인 것을 규명하였다. Air-lift fermenter 하의 배양을 종균으로 하고, 적정 크기의 pellet을 유지하는 500 L까지의 jar fermenter를 사용한 회분 배양의 scale-up 실험결과, 30 및 500 L에서의 교반 및 통기속도는 각각 200 rpm, 1 vvm 및 150 rpm, 1 vvm이었다. 이 조건하에서 배양의 전 기간 중 적정 pellet을 유지하였으며, 최대 균사체량은 약 $13{\sim}14g/L$이었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effects of taping therapy on the balance and gait of stroke patients. Methods: The subjects of this study were 30 stroke patients. The treatment groups were prescribed a combination of taping, therapy applied simultaneously to the ankle and the hip joint, and general physical therapy twice a day for 30 minutes each, five days per week for 4 weeks for a total of 40 times. The control group was treated with general physical therapy for 30 minutes, 5 times per week for 4 weeks, and total 40 times. All subjects were followed up on a Berg balance scale, timed up and go test, activity-specific balance confidence scale, and GaitRite. Results: The group that simultaneously received taping therapy to the ankle and hip joint showed more significant effects than the group treated with ankle joint taping only (p<0.05). Effects were noted in the Berg balance scale, timed up and go test, activity-specific balance confidence scale and gait ability test. Compared to the control group, the group treated at the ankle and hip joint showed significant effects after the experiment in the Berg balance scale, timed up and go test, activity-specific balance confidence scale, and gait ability test (p<0.05). Conclusion: Taping therapy applied to both the ankle and hip joints, and combined with general physical therapy appears to be effective in patients with chronic stroke who have an impaired balance and gait ability.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was to develop a reliable and valid instrument measuring the reproductive health promoting behavior of undergraduates. Methods: The initial questionnaires were made of 106 items from four domains through literature review. All questionnaire items were revised by an expert group and a pilot test. Data were collected using the revised initial questionnaire of men's 58 items and female's 64 items from 634 male and 685 female undergraduate students. The collected questionnaires were analyzed by factor analysis using varimax rotation to evaluate the construct validity. Results: According to the gender, two measurement were invented and analysed separately. Four common factors consisting of 'safe sex', 'sexual responsibility', 'genital health management' and 'STD prevention' were discovered in both groups. The 'genital hygiene' factor was added as a female factor. Male students' scale was made up 4 factors 16 items and female students' scale was made up 5 factors 18 items. Cronbach's alpha for male scale was estimated to be .892 and female scale to be .882. Conclusions: This scale will make it possible to measure the level of reproductive health among Korean university students. This scale may be useful for developing effective methods of education as well as policy programs for improving the reproductive health of Korean university students.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2018

Removal of iron oxide scale from feed-water in thermal power plant can improve power generation efficiency. We have proposed a novel scale removal system utilizing High Gradient Magnetic Separation (HGMS). This system can be applied to high temperature and pressure area. We have conducted the lab-scale model experiments using ${\varphi}50mm$ filters and it demonstrated high removal efficiency in HGMS, but scale-up of the system is required toward practical use. In this study, we conducted a large scale mock-up HGMS experiment. We used the superconducting solenoidal magnet with ${\varphi}400mm$ bore and demonstrated that our HGMS system can achieve sufficient scale removal capacity that is required to introduce into both off-line and on-line system.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.251-268
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• 2016

본 연구는 소상공인 창업자의 특성이 창업된 사업체 운영의 성공요인과의 관계를 살펴보고, 창업 성공요인이 창업성과와의 관계를 분석하고자 한다. 또한 창업자의 특성이 창업성과에 미치는 구조적 영향 관계를 분석하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통하여 창업을 준비하는 예비 창업자나 기 창업자들이 안정적이고 성공적인 사업체 창업과 운영을 위한 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업자 특성과 창업성공요인과의 관계이다. 분석결과, 소상공인 창업자 특성 중 경험특성은 창업성공요인과 관계에 있어서 재무상태, 점포관리, 제품 및 서비스관리의 모든 요인에서 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 하지만, 심리적 특성에서는 제품 및 서비스관리에서만 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었고, 재무상태와 점포관리에서는 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 소상공인이 창업에 대한 성취욕구 및 창의성이 높을수록 창업 성공 가능성이 높아지는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 창업성공요인과 창업성과와의 관계이다. 분석결과, 창업성공요인인 재무상태, 점포관리, 제품 및 서비스 관리는 창업성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 소상공인 창업자가 사업체 운영에 필요한 창업성공요인의 정확한 의사결정은 소상공인의 창업성과에 영향을 미치고 있음을 의미한다. 셋째, 창업자 특성과 창업성과와의 관계이다. 분석결과, 창업자 특성인 경험특성과 심리적 특성은 모두 창업성과에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 창업자 특성인 창업에 대한 경험과 심리적 특성을 높게 인식하고 있는 소상공인이 창업성과가 높다는 것을 의미한다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2020

Objective: This study conducted in order to investigate the correlations between fall experience, balance, mobility, and confidence. We examined the difference between fall experience, and Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed-Up-and-Go test (TUG), Tinetti balance assessment (Tinetti balance [TiB], Tinetti gait [TiG]), and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale scores to see how fall experience, balance, mobility, and confidence of the persons with stroke affects their balance. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Forty-one subjects participated in this study. The BBS includes 14 items, consisting of a 5-point scale from 0 to 4, totaling up to 56 points. The Timed Up and Go-Alone (TUGA) was used to measure the average time to take a 3 m round-trip by getting up and down from a 46-cm high chair with an armrest on a flat floor. The Timed-Up-and-Go-Cognitive (TUGC) was performed by counting backwards and the Timed Up and Go-Manual (TUGM) is performed by holding a cup full of water. The total score for the TiB is 16 points, and the TiG is 12 points, making a total of 28 points. There are 16 items total for the ABC scale. Results: According to the fall experience, BBS, the TUGA and TUGC values were significantly higher in the inexperienced group compared to the experienced group (p<0.05). The number of falls was significantly correlated with BBS, TUGA, TUGC, TUGM, TiB, TiG, TiB+TiG (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study supports that falls experience is strongly related to balance, mobility, and confidence. Optimal balance training programs for fall prevention is still insufficient and must be developed.