• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2018

There is an emphasis on the importance of adaptation against to climate change and related natural disasters. As a result, various climate information with different time-scale can be used for science-based climate change adaptation policy. From the aspects of Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS), various time-scaled climate information in Korea is mainly produced by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) However, application of weather and climate information in different application sectors has been done individually in the fields of agriculture and water resources mostly based-on weather information. Furthermore, utilization of climate information including seasonal forecast and climate change projections are insufficient. Therefore, establishment of the Cooperation Center for Application of Weather and Climate Information is necessary as an institutional platform for the UIP (User Interface Platform) focusing on multi-model ensemble (MME) based climate service, seamless climate service, and climate service based on multidisciplinary approach. In addition, APCC Integrated Modeling Solution (AIMS) was developed as a technical platform for UIP focusing on user-centered downscaling of various time-scaled climate information, application of downscaled data into impact assessment modeling in various sectors, and finally producing information can be used in decision making procedures. AIMS is expected to be helpful for the increase of adaptation capacity against climate change in developing countries and Korea through the voluntary participation of producer and user groups within in the institutional and technical platform suggested.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.249-256
• /
• 2016

Porous $Al_2O_3$ hollow fiber membranes were successfully prepared by dry-wet spinning/sintering method. The SEM image shows that the $Al_2O_3$ hollow fiber membrane consists mostly of sponge pore structure. The contact angle and the breakthrough pressure were $126^{\circ}$ and 1.91 bar, respectively. This results indicate that the $Al_2O_3$ hollow fiber membranes were successfully modified to hydrophobic surface. The hydrophobic modified $Al_2O_3$ hollow fiber membranes were assembled into a membrane contactor system to separate $CO_2$ from a model gas mixture of the flue gas at elevated gas velocity. The $CO_2$ absorption flux was enhanced when the gas velocity increased from $1{\times}10^{-3}$ to $6{\times}10^{-3}$ m/s. Whereas the $CO_2$ absorption flux was decreased with the number of hollow fiber membrane of a module because of the concentration polarization. Furthermore, we developed an lab-scale $Al_2O_3$ hollow fiber membrane contactor modules and their system (i.e., $CO_2$ absorption using the $Al_2O_3$ membrane and monoethanolamine (MEA)) that could dispose of over $0.02Nm^3/h$ mixture gas (15% $CO_2$) with the removal efficiency higher than 95%. The results can be useful in a field of the membrane contactor for $CO_2$ separation, helping to design and extend a equipment.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.213-219
• /
• 2018

In this study, we simulated 3D wave propagation modeling using a Xeon Phi x200 processor and compared the parallel computation performance with that using a Xeon CPU. Unlike the 1st generation Xeon Phi coprocessor codenamed Knights Corner, the 2nd generation x200 Xeon Phi processor requires no additional communication between the internal memory and the main memory since it can run an operating system directly. The Xeon Phi x200 processor can run large-scale computation independently, with the large main memory and the high-bandwidth memory. For comparison of parallel computation, we performed the modeling using the MPI (Message Passing Interface) and OpenMP (Open Multi-Processing) libraries. Numerical examples using the SEG/EAGE salt model demonstrated that we can achieve 2.69 to 3.24 times faster modeling performance using the Xeon Phi with a large number of computational cores and high-bandwidth memory compared to that using the 12-core CPU.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.69 no.4
• /
• pp.439-455
• /
• 2019

This research deals with thermo-electro-mechanical buckling analysis of the sandwich nano-beams with face-sheets made of functionally graded carbon nano-tubes reinforcement composite (FG-CNTRC) based on the nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory (NSGET) considering various higher-order shear deformation beam theories (HSDBT). The sandwich nano-beam with FG-CNTRC face-sheets is subjected to thermal and electrical loads while is resting on Pasternak's foundation. It is assumed that the material properties of the face-sheets change continuously along the thickness direction according to different patterns for CNTs distribution. In order to include coupling of strain and electrical field in equation of motion, the nonlocal non-classical nano-beam model contains piezoelectric effect. The governing equations of motion are derived using Hamilton principle based on HSDBTs and NSGET. The differential quadrature method (DQM) is used to calculate the mechanical buckling loads of sandwich nano-beam as well as critical voltage and temperature rising. After verification with validated reference, comprehensive numerical results are presented to investigate the influence of important parameters such as various HSDBTs, length scale parameter (strain gradient parameter), the nonlocal parameter, the CNTs volume fraction, Pasternak's foundation coefficients, various boundary conditions, the CNTs efficiency parameter and geometric dimensions on the buckling behaviors of FG sandwich nano-beam. The numerical results indicate that, the amounts of the mechanical critical load calculated by PSDBT and TSDBT approximately have same values as well as ESDBT and ASDBT. Also, it is worthy noted that buckling load calculated by aforementioned theories is nearly smaller than buckling load estimated by FSDBT. Also, similar aforementioned structure is used to building the nano/micro oscillators.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.353-362
• /
• 2019

Soil-rock mixture (S-RM) is an inhomogeneous geomaterial that is widely encountered in nature. The mechanical and physical properties of S-RM are important factors contributing towards different deformation characteristics and unstable modes of the talus slope. In this paper, the equivalent substitution method was employed for the preparation of S-RM test samples, and large-scale triaxial laboratory tests were conducted to investigate their mechanical parameters by varying the water content and confining pressure. Additionally, a simplified geological model based on the finite element method was established to compare the stability of talus slopes with different strength parameters and in different excavation and support processes. The results showed that the S-RM samples exhibit slight strain softening and strain hardening under low and high water content, respectively. The water content of S-RM also had an effect on decreasing strength parameters, with the decrease in magnitude of the cohesive force and internal friction angle being mainly influenced by the low and high water content, respectively. The stability of talus slope decreased with a decrease in the cohesion force and internal friction angle, thereby creating a new shallow slip surface. Since the excavation of toe of the slope for road construction can easily cause a landslide, anti-slide piles can be used to effectively improve the slope stability, especially for shallow excavations. But the efficacy of anti-slide piles gradually decreases with increasing water content. This paper can act as a reference for the selection of strength parameters of S-RM and provide an analysis of the instability of the talus slope.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.1-28
• /
• 2018

With the growing number of emerging carmakers, automotive parts manufacturers have to penetrate into emerging markets. They can provide large existing carmakers with fully customized parts because of economies scale, but cannot do this for small emerging carmakers due to their small and highly volatile volume order. Once the order by an emerging carmaker is placed, a part manufacturer is exposed to high risks both of decrease in profit margin and high opportunity cost. The platform-based mass customization can be a solution for cost reduction, but the risks of volatility in volume hard to manage. Tackling this issue, we presents a method of optimizing the product portfolio to maximize profits while managing volatility of volume order by emerging carmakers at an affordable level. It is the first robust product portfolio method to keep the scaled deviation of profits at a fixed level under volume order uncertainty. Also, the effect of on the platform-based mass customization on cost is considered. This model can be a building block of conservative market penetration as well as product development strategy while minimizing the financial risks. We conducted an empirical study of a part manufacturer targeting on eighteen automobile manufacturers in North America, Europe and Asia with it powered lift gate.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.173-185
• /
• 2019

Objective: To gather inputs from clinical experts on selecting and prioritizing research topics, to address unmet vaccine safety needs. Methods: A questionnaire containing 15 vaccine safety assessment research proposals was sent to 28 vaccine experts chosen from various domestic medical association boards, and the rationale for each of the proposals was provided by presenting the following information: 1) a brief summary of the clinical safety studies on the vaccine, conducted by the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) project group, supervised by the United States Center for Disease Control (U.S. CDC), and 2) a summary of recently published studies that address vaccine safety issues. The experts were instructed to select and rank 5 topics in the order of preference, and the preference score for each proposed topic was calculated by assigning points on a scale of 1 to 5. Results: All 28 experts responded to the questionnaire, and the following topics were selected according to their calculated preference scores: 1) Human papillomavirus vaccine safety profile in the Korean female adolescents; 2) A signal detection of adverse events following Influenza vaccination: comparison between the US and South Korea; 3) Incidence of anaphylaxis following National Immunization Program vaccines between 2008 and 2017; 4) Safety of quadrivalent influenza vaccines compared to trivalent influenza vaccines; and 5) Pneumococcal vaccine safety profile in the general population. Conclusion: Five research topics addressing vaccine safety were selected, for which well-constructed research protocols need to be promptly developed to address current unmet vaccine safety needs in South Korea.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.17-32
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of family life stress and family values on marital stability among middle-aged couples. The subjects included a total of 302 men and women aged 45-64 who had been married for more than 20 years and were living in Seoul. The collected data were statistically analyzed with the SPSS 21.0 Package. First, Cronbach's alpha was calculated to measure the reliability of the scale that assessed the variables of the research model. Then, mean and standard deviation were calculated to determine the degrees of family life stress, family values, and marital stability among the subjects. Finally, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors that affected the subjects' marital stability. The results revealed that the level of family life stress in middle-aged married men and women was slightly higher than the mean value. Of all the sub-scales of family life stress, the subjects were found to experience the most stress from factors related to financial pressure, followed by family relationships, a sense of loss within a family, and work-family compatibility. Therefore, financial problems were one of the critical stressors for middle-aged married couples. Also, for this demographic, the levels of family values and marital stability were higher than the medians. The factors affecting marital stability in middle-aged couples were identified to be family relationship stress, financial stress, subjective economic status, family values, stress related to work-familycompatibility,religion,andage.Thedegreeofmaritalstabilitywashigherinmiddle-agedcouplesa stheirstresslevelsfromfamilyrelationshipsandfinancialproblemswerelower.Moreover,thehigherthes ubjectiveeconomicstatusandthemoretraditionalthefamilyvalues,thehigherthedegreeofmaritalstabili ty.Finally,marriedcoupleswhowerereligioushadalowerlevelofstressfromwork-family compatibility, and the younger the couples, the higher the degree of marital stability.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.61 no.3
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2019

Although crack on concrete exists from its early formation, crack requires attention as it affects stiffness of structure and can lead demolition of structure as it grows. Detecting cracks on concrete is needed to take action prior to performance degradation of structure, and deep learning can be utilized for it. In this study, transfer learning, one of the deep learning techniques, was used to detect the crack, as the amount of crack's image data was limited. Pre-trained Inception-v3 was applied as a base model for the transfer learning. Web scrapping was utilized to fetch images of concrete wall with or without crack from web. In the recognition of crack, image post-process including changing size or removing color were applied. In the visualization of crack, source images divided into 30px, 50px or 100px size were used as input data, and different numbers of input data per category were applied for each case. With the results of visualized crack image, false positive and false negative errors were examined. Highest accuracy for the recognizing crack was achieved when the source images were adjusted into 224px size under gray-scale. In visualization, the result using 50 data per category under 100px interval size showed the smallest error. With regard to the false positive error, the best result was obtained using 400 data per category, and regarding to the false negative error, the case using 50 data per category showed the best result.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.57-76
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of characteristics of hospital choice and hospital service quality on service value, customer satisfaction and hospital revisiting intent and a survey involving patients and their caregivers who used the hospital before was conducted for empirical analysis. Thus, the theory and factors concerning the characteristics of hospital choice, hospital service quality, service value, customer satisfaction and hospital revisiting intent and relevant preceding research were explored after examining the preceding research, the research model was developed accordingly. A total of 459 collected questionnaires were analyze after carrying out the survey on a national scale. The findings of this study have significance since it identified the motivation that affect the choice of hospital and provide information. Also, this study could be utilized as reference data for hospitals to survive in the fierce competition, as it carried out factual survey on considerations when making choice of hospital. Furthermore, due to the low expectation of patients and caregivers for hospital administration, the study indicated that it's linked to a significantly low chance of customer satisfaction and provide the cause. This study was differentiated with other research on hospital choice since it selected security as a factor of hospital choice, though it's not discussed in the preceding research and moreover, conducted the empirical analysis. And the results of empirical analysis revealed that customers felt that service value was improved when the information security was strengthened. In other words, the strengthening of hospital information security could be hospital choice motivation, which means this study provided practical implication.