• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2006

I devised this study for setting up the location marketing policy that was the most suitable to medium and small-sized enterprises. For this, I classified 3 factors and analyzed location environment levels of an enterprise. First factor is 'an assistance policy factor' which is composed of assistance policies of local governments and central-government. Second is 'an accumulation factor' which is composes of the same category of business or accumulation of an allied industry, the abundant selling market, innovative industry atmosphere, and accumulations of various innovative organs such as a college, a research organization. Third is 'a location base factor' which is composed of a desirable information communications net and accessibility on wide area traffic networks such as an airport, a railroad, an expressway. I also analyzed three location environment levels of business scale.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.639-647
• /
• 2013

This paper is a methodological research aimed at developing a mental disorder recovery scale (MDRS) and testing its validity and reliability. After three sessions of factor analysis, a total of three factors using an Eigen value of 1.0 or more were drawn. The explanatory power was found to be 58.1%. All the items met the criteria for communality and factor loading with no item removed, and, ultimately, 25 items were selected. Criterion-related validity test showed that Pearson's correlation coefficient was significant at .71 (p<.01) with significant correlation with each factor (p<.01). The reliability test showed that Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient was .95 and that Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient for each factor ranged from .87 to .93. MDRS, which was developed in this study and possessing 3 factors and 25 items, had both its validity and reliability confirmed; therefore, the developed scale would be useful to evaluate the recovery of individuals with mental disorder.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.11
• /
• pp.4595-4599
• /
• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer is a serious health problem. Early detection of colorectal cancer is crucial for treatment and reducing mortality. Beliefs related to colorectal cancer have been found to be a factor in a person's decision about colorectal cancer screening programs. To determine such beliefs, a valid and reliable instrument is necessary. Objective:The aim of this study was to adapt and determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale of breast cancer screening in the measurement of beliefs toward colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Materials and Methods: The 'forward-backward' procedure was applied to translate the instrument from English into Persian. This study was conducted in Iran from June 2012 to May 2013. A convenience sample of 200 individuals aged 50 years and older was recruited from the population at the outpatient clinics in the three teaching hospitals. Validity was assessed using content, face and construct validity. To test reliability, the internal consistency was assessed by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest (intraclass correlation coefficient) analyses. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity and determine the factors of adapted Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. Results: The mean age of the participants were 62.5 years (SD=10.8 years) and the majority of them (75.5 percent) were female. The results of exploratory factor analysis indicated a six-factor solution for the questionnaire (benefits, motivation and confidence, seriousness, susceptibility, emotional barriers and background barriers) that jointly accounted for 55.52% of variance observed. Cronbach's alpha of the subscales ranged from 0.57 to 0.89 and test-retest reliability ranged from 0.81 to 0.93 indicating a good range of reliability. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the Persian version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale of CRC screening has good psychometric properties and could be an appropriate measure for health beliefs related to CRC screening in national and international studies.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.121-131
• /
• 1995

This study aims 1) To explicate the multidimensional structure of a widely used measure of subjective well-being, the Philadelphia Geriatric Center(PGC) Morale Scale is used to measure health in elderly populations and 2) To examine the relationship between the socioeconomic status and related variables, health and physical disability and subjective well-being in elderly populations. The selection of subjects was determined through a survey of 672 rural dwelling elderly persons(269 males and 403 females) aged 60 years and over. The respondents were interviewed by 18 trained health workers using the questionnaire from July 4 to July 9 in 1994. The subjects were surveyed again during the period from August 1 to August 6 in 1994 to conform the questionnaire's reliability. Subjective well-being was evaluated using the Revised Questionnaire of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center(PGC) Moral Scale(17 items, Lawton, 1975). The results are as follows : 1) The item scores were intercorrelated and subjected to a principal component analysis. A rotated three-factor solution was done, accounting for 40.9% of the total variance. Thus, the PGC morale Scale can be derived from three stable factors : Factor 1 was explained "Lonely Dissatisfaction(7 items)", Factor 2 was explained "Agitation (5 items)", Factor 3 was explained "Attitude Towards Own Aging (5 items)". Further, these factors have a high degree of internal consistency, as determined by Cronbach's alpha : 0.7852. 2) The total mean score of PGC Morale Scale was 8.73. Sex, Age, Education, Current disease, Family type, Economic status, ADL, IADL were significantly difference in mean scores of PGC morale scale. 3) In the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis of subjective well-being. the most contributing factors were economic status, IADL, current disease, family type, sex and the R square was 0.23.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2016

Background: The assessment tool developed in other countries should be translated into Korean language using rigorous methodological approaches in order to be used in Korea. Because these procedures are insufficient for establishing the cross-cultural and linguistic equivalence, the need for statistical methods is raised. The Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale was translated into Korean and the content validity was verified through the back translation method, but the reliability and validity have not yet been proven by statistical methods. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (KFAB) by statistical methods in elderly people. Methods: A total of 97 elderly adults (39 males and 58 females) participated in this study. Internal consistency of the KFAB was measured using Cronbach's alpha and an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess test-retest reliability between the two measurement sessions. Concurrent validity was measured by comparing the KFAB responses with the Korean version of the Berg Balance Scale (KBBS) using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Construct validity of the KFAB was measured using the exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the unidimensionality of the questionnaire. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: The internal consistency of the KFAB was found be adequate with Cronbach's alpha (.96), and test-retest reliability was excellent as evidenced by the high ICC (r=.996). Concurrent validity showed high correlation between the KFAB and KBBS (r=.89, p<.001). Construct validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. The result from Bartlett test of sphericity was statistically significant (p<.001), and the value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was .93. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the existence of only one dominant factor that explained 76.43% of the variance. Conclusion: The KFAB is a reliable, valid and appropriate tool for measuring the balance functions in elderly people.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.375-388
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short- Form in patients with cancer. Methods: The original scale was translated into Korean using Brislin's translation model. The Korean Short-Form and the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General were administered to 164 Korean patients with cancer using convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Construct validity, criterion validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency reliability of the Korean Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short-Form were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a four-factor solution that explained 60.6% of the total variance. Factor loadings of the 15 items on the four subscales ranged .52~.86. The four-subscale model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (Normed ${\chi}^2=1.38$ (p=.013), GFI=.92, SRMR=.02, RMSEA=.05, TLI=.94, and CFI=.95), and criterion validity was demonstrated with the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency of the total scale was .83 and ranged .68~.81 for all subscales, demonstrating sufficient test-retest reliability. Conclusion: The Korean version showed satisfactory construct and criterion validity, as well as internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.82-89
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to develop an instrument for the Korean Osteoarthritis Impact Measurement scale (KAIMS) in hip and knee osteoarthritis patients. Methods: A sample of 426 subjects was recruited in Ulsan metropolitan city (six hospitals and clinics) and Andong city (five hospitals and clinics) from June 2010 to May 2011. Item internal consistency and item discriminant validity were analyzed on the item-level, and floor (%) and ceiling (%) effect were analyzed on the scale-level. Exploratory factor analysis was performed for construction of items in the KAIMS instrument; confirmative factor analysis was also performed to test the fit of the model. Results: In 426 respondents, age was 64.3 years. The reliability for r coefficient 0.90 (mobility) and 0.89 (pain and stiffness) (Cronbach's alpha 0.95, 0.95 respectively) was high in the test-retest, and there was no significant difference in paired t-test (p>0.05). Item internal consistency (${\alpha}=0.92$, ${\alpha}=0.87$ respectively) was also high. It was constructed of two factors (mobility, pain and stiffness dimension) and nine items in explanatory factor analysis; results of confirmatory factor analysis also indicated that the dimensional structure model was fitted well in the test of model fit (${\chi}^2=83.83$, df=26, p=0.000; RMR=0.05; GFI=0.96; AGFI=0.83). Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the KAIMS that was developed was a reliable and valid instrument for measurement of osteoarthritis (OA) patients. We recommend further research for additional development of the instrument on OA in Korea.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.224-231
• /
• 2018

Background: Organizations are pursing complex and diverse aims to generate higher profits. Many workers experience high work intensity such as workload and work pressure in this organizational environment. Especially, psychological burden is a commonly used term in workplace of Republic of Korea. This study focused on defining the psychological burden from the perspective of occupational safety and health and tried to develop a scale for psychological burden. Methods: The 48 preliminary questionnaire items for psychological burden were prepared by a focus group interview with 16 workers through the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II and Mindful Awareness Attention Scale. The preliminary items were surveyed with 572 workers, and exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis were conducted for a new scale. Results: As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, five factors were extracted: organizational activity, human error, safety and health workload, work attitude, and negative self-management. These factors had significant correlations and reliability, and the stability of the model for validity was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusion: The developed scale for psychological burden can measure workers' psychological burden in relation to safety and health. Despite some limitations, this study has applicability in the workplace, given the relatively small-sized questionnaire.

• Journal of Family Relations
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.3-25
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Helicopter Parenting Scale (HPS) using a sample of Korean young adults aged 19-34. This study is to expand the previous validation studies that exclusively focused on college students. Method: The survey data came from 1,140 young adults (398 19-24 year olds, 376 25-29 year olds, and 366 30-34 year olds) who had never been married and had at least one living parent. The young adults' perceived helicopter parenting was assessed by 10 items of the HPS for the mother and the father separately. All of the analyses including exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted for three age groups (19-24, 25-29, and 30-34 years) and for the mother and the father separately. Results: We found that three items were problematic for all age groups and for both the fathers' and mothers' helicopter parenting. After removing these three items, confirmatory factor analyses showed that the one-factor model fit our data well and the estimated factor loadings were suitable. The results were consistent throughout the age groups and the parent's gender. We also confirmed criterion-related validity using correlations between paternal and maternal helicopter parenting and three dimensions of parental career expectations indicated a reliable. Conclusion: The Korean version of HPS with seven items was found to be a reliable and valid measure for Korean young adults aged 19-34 years old.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.472-479
• /
• 2015

Few instruments are available to measure nurses' perceptions of cultural competence in South Korea. Furthermore, the equivalence of factors between original and translated instruments has not been evaluated. The specific aims of this study were to identify the validity and reliability of a Korean version of the Cultural Awareness Scale (K-CAS) and to evaluate the equivalence of factors between the original CAS and the K-CAS. A total of 515 nursing students completed the 26-item K-CAS, 28-item Caffrey Cultural Competence in Healthcare Scale (CCCHS), and eight-item Openness to Diversity and Challenge Scale (ODCS). The K-CAS exhibited good reliability (${\alpha}=.83$) and construct validity by correlating with the CCCHS (r=.344, p<.001) and ODCS (r=.394, p<.001). Confirmatory factor analysis results of the K-CAS confirmed the same factor structure as the original CAS. The K-CAS could be a useful tool to assess the concept of cultural competence among nursing students and nurses.