• 대한간호
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• 제10권4호통권54호
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• pp.54-58
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• 1971

Literally, schizophrenia means ''splitting of the mind.'' It is a popular misconception that schizophrenia consist of a split or multiple personality; in actual fact, multiple personality is a rare manifestation of a neurotic disseciative reaction. The sc

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to investigate the actual conditions and deal with the psychological characteristics of adolescent cellular phone addicts through the Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory (MMPI). The subjects of this study were 407 senior high school students (male 185, female 222) in 2nd grade in Daegu. The cellular phone addiction inventory (CPAI) was designed on the basis of an interview process, referring to the Young's Internet Addiction Self Diagnosis Scale. SPSS version 10.0 was employed for data analysis. The mean score of the adolescent addict group was significantly higher than the non-addict group in Scale Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc and Ma. This result indicates that the cellular phone addict group is likely to suffer from more serious pathological disorders than the non-addict group. The rate of addictive adolescents was significantly higher in the addict group than in the non-addict group in psychological problematic score ranges in Scale Sc (Schizophrenia) and Ma (Hypomania). The study result suggests that adolescents who addictively use a cellular phone will be more likely to show immaturity, instability, impulsive personality, excessive activities, and escapism.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.296-308
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• 1990

정신분열증과 수은 및 구리와의 관계를 보기 위해 정신병원에 입원중인 만성 정신분열증 환자중 만 20세에서 29세까지의 남자 80명과 대조군 69명을 대상으로 두발 중 구리와 수은 함량을 원자흡광광도계로써 측정하고 아울러 이들에게서 다면적 인성검사(MMPI)를 실시하였다. MMPI의 각 척도별 T-점수를 환자군과 대조군으로 나누어 비교한 결과 Hs, D, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc척도에서 환자군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높은 점수가 나왔고 점수 구간에 따른 분포도 환자군과 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 구리의 경우 환자군의 두발 중 함량이 $11.17{\pm}3.72ppm$으로 대조군의 $18.93{\pm}7.81ppm$에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며 수은의 경우는 환자군이 $2.42{\pm}1.46ppm$으로서 대조군의 $1.68{\pm}1.07ppm$에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 이때 거주지에 따른 차이는 볼 수 없었다. 구리와 수은은 역상관관계(r=-0.25)를 보였으며 통계학적으로 유의하였다. MMPI의 T점수에 따른 구리 함량은 10개 척도 모두에게 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수은의 경우는 Pt척도와 Sc척도에서 각 점수군간에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. T점수의 70점 이상과 미만의 두 군간을 비교하였을 때는 70점 이상군의 Pa척도, Pt척도, Sc척도에서의 수은 함량이 각각 $2.72{\pm}1.49ppm,\;2.93{\pm}1.27ppm,\;2.66{\pm}1.42ppm$으로서 70점 미만군의 $1.97{\pm}1.30 ppm,\;1.98{\pm}1.32 ppm,\;1.92{\pm}1.29ppm$에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 다른 척도의 경우에도 통계학적인 의의는 없었지만 Mf척도를 제외하고는 전반적으로 70점 이상군이 미만군보다 수은 함량이 더 높았다. 그리고 D, Pa, Sc척도에서는 T점수가 증가함에 따라 수은 함량도 유의하게 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 환자군과 대조군으로 나누었을 때 구리의 경우 대부분 척도의 각 점수군에서 환자군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 함량이 낮았으며 수은의 경우는 D척도의 44점 이하군, Hy척도의 $45{\sim}59$점군, Pd척도의 $60{\sim}69$점군, Mf척도의 $45{\sim}59$점군, Ma척도의 $60{\sim}69$점군, Si척도의 44점 이하군에서만 환자군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 본 연구의 결과로 볼 때 구리의 결핍이나 수은의 과다 섭취가 정신분열증의 발병 혹은 증상 악화에 영향을 끼칠 수 있을 가능성을 짐작해 볼 수 있으며 이들 금속과 정신분열증의 상관관계, 그리고 인성과의 관계에 대해 계속 연구해 볼 필요성을 느낀다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.16-24
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the association of personality characteristics with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Methods: Four hundred and fifty one college students in Gyeonggi-do completed the revised version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) and a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 25.0 software (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: Mean values of the number of positive answers of TMD symptoms were significantly higher in higher scorers on hypochondriasis (Hs), depression (D), paranoia (Pa) (Hs>60, D>64, Pa>59) (p<0.01). Higher scorers on Hs, hysteria (Hy), schizophrenia (Sc), Pa, psychasthenia (Pt) (Hy>64, Sc>64, Pt>64) exhibited significantly higher mean values of the number of positive answers of contributing factors for TMD (p<0.01, p<0.001). Low scorers on social introversion ($Si{\leq}44$) exhibited significantly lower mean value of the number of positive answers of contributing factors for TMD than high or moderate scorers on Si (Si>64, 45-64) (p<0.01, p<0.05). The percentage of subjects who responded that they had at least one TMD symptom was significantly higher in higher scorers on Hs, Pt, D (p<0.05, p<0.01). The significantly higher percentage of higher scorers on D, Pa reported at least one contributing factor for TMD (p<0.05). The percentage of subjects who responded that they had at least one TMD symptom or one contributing factor for TMD was significantly different among three groups divided by T-score on Si (p<0.01, p<0.05). T-scores of Hs, D, Hy, Pt and Sc showed significant correlation with the numbers of TMD symptoms and contributing factors for TMD, respectively (p<0.001). A correlation was found between T-score of Pd and the number of TMD symptoms (p<0.001). T-score of Si correlated to the number of contributing factors for TMD (p<0.001). Conclusions: Most clinical scales of MMPI-2 were found to be related to TMD. Psychological assessment including MMPI-2 may play a role in predicting treatment outcome and planning treatment of TMD.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.611-619
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• 2016

Objective:This study aims to analyze the relationships between personality factors measured by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) scales and the indices of safety and health in the shipbuilding industry. Background: Many researches reported that there were significant relationships between some MMPI subscales and traffic and industrial accidents. Method: This study analyzes 230 male workers in shipyard for their MMPI scores gathered during recruitment process and their safety and health indices from the performance record during their working period. ${\chi}^2-test$ and one-way ANOVA are used for finding the statistical significance for personality factors. The conventional grouping rule for MMPI scales and other grouping criteria considering the attitude of positive answer for the MMPI test during recruitment process are used for analysis. Results: The Hypomania (Ma) and Psychopathic Deviate (Pd) scales of the MMPI are the main factors related to the safety and health related indices for most grouping rules. Depression (D), Psychasthenia (Pt), Hypochondriasis (Hs), Schizophrenia (Sc), and Masculinity and Femininity (Mf) scales are also related to the safety and health indices. Conclusion and Application: The results can be used for understanding the psychological factors in human behaviors and safety and can help professional personnel take the necessary steps in improving safety on the job and also in providing the effective teaching of safe work methods.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2012

Objective : The current study investigated the psychopathology characteristics of the suicide attempter visited in a university hospital for one year using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) test commonly used in clinical medicine. Methods : 72 suicide attempter and 115 control group completed the Korean version of the MMPI. Results : The MMPI scores of the suicide attempters were significantly higher on the lie (L), infrequency (F), defensiveness (K), paranoia (Pa), psychasthenia (Pt), schizophrenia (Sc), hypomania (Ma) than the comparison group. Conclusion : We supposed that suicide attempter have more chance of being paranoid, psychasthenic, schizoid or hypomanic than the control group relatively. They seem to have psychotic psychopathology rather than neurotic psychopathology. These results suppoed that the psychopatholgy of suicide attempter may be different from the control group. However the final decision is indefinite, it needs more well designed systemic studies.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 공황장애 환자에 대한 인지행동치료의 효과에 영향을 미치는 환자 특성을 확인하기 위하여 다면적 인성검사를 사용하여 환자의 특성을 측정하고 이들 환자 특성 중 어떤 변인이 치료결과를 예측하는데 도움이 되는지를 알아보았다. 31명의 공황장애 환자를 대상으로 11주의 공황장애 인지행동치료 프로그램을 실시하였고, 치료전에 다면적 인성검사를 실시하였으며, 치료 전 후에 Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory의 상태 불안 질문지(STAI-State), Agoraphobic Cognition Questionniaire(ACQ), Body Sensation Questionnaire(BSQ)의 질문지와 환자의 자기보고 등 5가지를 실시하여 치료 성과의 지표로 사용하였다. 최종상태 기능 (End-State Functioning) 에 따라 치료 결과가 좋은 집단(상위 최종상태 집단)과 치료 결과가 나쁜 집단(하위 최종상태 집단)을 구분하여 두 집단의 특성용 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 다면적 인성검사의 건강염려증 척도(Hs), 우울증 척도(D), 히스테리 척도(Hy), 강박증 척도(Pt), 정신분열증 척도(Sc), 그리고 타당도 척도인 F 척도에서 하위 최종상태 집단이 상위 최종상태 집단에 비해 유의미하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 하지만 이러한 차이는 치료 효과에 영향을 미치는 환자 변인이라고 하기보다는 단순히 환자가 가진 증상의 심한 정도를 반영하는 것으로 보인다. 2) 치료 전에 실시한 다섯 가지 평가 지표에서 기본적으로 하위 최종상태 집단이 상위 최종상태 집단보다 증상의 정도가 심했지만, 두 집단 모두 치료를 통하여 비슷한 수준의 치료적 변화를 보인 결과는 1)의 해석을 지지해준다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 다면적 인성검사는 인지행동 치료 결과에 영향을 미치는 환자의 특성을 파악하는데는 효과적이지 못한 방법으로 생각되며, 추후 연구에서는 보다 직접적으로 성격 특성을 측정할 수 있는 방법을 사용하여 환자 변인을 찾아 볼 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2011

Objectives: The current study investigated the personality characteristics of parents of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), which is commonly used in clinical medicine. Methods: Participants were 117 parents of children with ADHD (96 boys and 21 girls) and 77 parents of comparison children (50 boys and 27 girls), who completed the Korean version of the MMPI. Results: The MMPI scores of the fathers of ADHD children were significantly higher on the Psychopathic Deviate (Pd), Masculinity-Femininity (Mf), Paranoia (Pa), and Psychasthenia (Pt) scales than the comparison group's were. In addition, the mothers of ADHD children had higher MMPI scores on the traits of Hypochondriasis (Hs), Psychopathic Deviate (Pd), and Schizophrenia (Sc) than the comparisong roup had, but were not significantly higher. Conclusion: The fathers of ADHD children might be antisocial, irresolute, passive, paranoid, and anxious. In addition, mothers of ADHD children might have hypochondriacal, antisocial, and/or psychological confusional traits, but these were not be significantly high. These results suggest that the psychopathology of parents of ADHD children might correlate with their children's ADHD.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2012

Objectives : The current study investigated the personality characteristics of the sexual offender using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) test commonly used in clinical medicine. Methods : 30 sexual offenders (30 male) completed the Korean version of the MMPI. 20 of the 30 sexual offenders were patients with paraphilia. The sexual offenders had been admitted to the Institute of Forensic Psychiatry Ministry of Justice, Gongju, for sexual violence. Results : The MMPI scores of the sexual offenders were significantly higher on the psychopathic deviate (Pd), masculinity-feminity (Mf), paranoia (Pa), psychasthenia (Pt), schizophrenia (Sc) than the comparison group. And The MMPI scores of the sexual offenders had higher values for hypochondriasis (Hs), depression (D), hysteria (Hy), hypomania (Ma), social introversion (Si) than the comparison group, but were not significantly higher. Conclusion : Sexual offenders may be antisocial, paranoid, schizoid or psychasthenic. They seem to have psychotic psychopathology rather than neurotic psychopathology. These results suggested that the psychopatholgy of sexual offenders may be different to the control group.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between psychological factors and symptoms of oral mucosal diseases by means of the revised version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2). Methods: Three hundred and eighteen college students in Gyeonggi-do completed the MMPI-2 and a questionnaire related to symptoms of oral mucosal diseases and collected data were analyzed by Student's t-test and one way ANOVA. Results: Subjects who have experienced herpetic stomatitis revealed significantly higher mean values of T-scores than subjects who have not on hypochondriasis (Hs) and hysteria (Hy) clinical scales of the MMPI-2 (p<0.05). In comparison with subjects who have had recurrent aphthous ulceration, subjects who have not had it manifested significantly higher elevations on the schizophrenia (Sc) clinical scale (p<0.05). Subjects who have suffered oral lichen planus (OLP) showed significantly higher mean values of T-scores than subjects who have not on paranoia (Pa) (p<0.05) and hypomania (Ma) (p<0.01) clinical scales. Mean values of T-scores on Ma clinical scale were significantly higher in subjects having experienced glossodynia than in subjects having not experienced (p<0.05). Subjects having felt taste disturbance exhibited significantly higher elevations on Hs (p<0.0001) and Hy (p<0.01) clinical scales compared to subjects having not. Conclusions: Symptoms of oral mucosal diseases such as herpetic stomatitis, taste disturbance, OLP, and glossodynia were found to be related to Hs, Hy, Pa, Ma clinical scales of the MMPI-2. Therefore, comprehensive psychological evaluations of those oral mucosal diseases may be beneficial in a therapeutic approach.