• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.123-128
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• 1981

Three edible species, e.g. Lyophyllum sp. and Armillaria mellea introduced from Japan in 1979 and Auriaularia auricula-judae from Taiwan in 1978 were selected for artifcial cultivation. The media, MSDS for Lyophyllum sp, MHS and PDS for A. auricula-judae, and MSDS and MHS for A. mellea were selected. The range of optimum pH of Lyophyllum sp. was 6.0 and pH 8.0 for A. auricula-judae and pH 6.0 to 7.0 for A. mellea. The range of optimum temperature for the mycelial growth of Lyophyllum sp. was 25 to $30^{\circ}C,\;30^{\circ}C$ for A. auricula-judae and $25^{\circ}C$ for A. mellea. When the moisture content 75 to 80% (w/w) in the substrates, the mycelial growth of Lyophyllum sp. and A. auricula-judae, was rapid. 65% (w/w) for A. mellea. As the spawning substrates, wheat for Lyophyllum sp. oak sawdust for A. auricula-judae and poplar sawdust for A. mellea were selected, respectively. In this experiment, yields of Lyophyllum sp. and A. auricula-judae were high on the poplar sawdust added 20% (w/w) of rice bran. Lyophyllum sp. and A. auricula-judae for sources of new edible mushrooms seems to be possible.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 1996

Cucumbers(Cucumis sativus L. CV. SHARP 1) were cultivated by bag culture for 5 months to investigate the effect of substrates on growth, yield, and mineral contents. The substrates used in the experiment were vermiculite + perlite +peatmoss(1:1:1=V:V:V), perlite+peatmoss(1:1=V:V), perlite+carbonized chaff(7:3=V:V), rockwool, sawdust, and chaff+chaff powder under 10 mesh (7:3=V:V). The rate of moisture content was highest at chaff powder under 10 mesh as 42.5% and was lowest at perlite+carbonized chaff as 31%. Plant height, No. of leaves, fresh and dry weight were increased in vermiculite+perlite+peatmoss(1:1:1=V:V:V). Marketable fruits and yield also showed same aspect with growth. All kinds of mineral contents except K in cucumber plants were higher at vermiculite+perlite+peatmoss(1:1:1=V:V:V), but K content was higher at perlite+ carbonized chaff(7:3=V:V) than those other substrates.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2007

This study was conducted to clarify the effects of the different mixing ratios of substrate mixtures based on peat moss and the concentration of nutrient solution on the growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seedlings. Substrates such as peat moss, rice hull, carbonized rice hull, decomposed sawdust, perlite and granular rock wool were mixed and used. The concentration of nutrient solution were adjusted to EC $0.5{\sim}1.5mS/cm$. The volumetric moisture contents became higher as peat moss mixed were much more. Total porosities in all substrate mixtures were over 80%, and pH in substrate mixtures became lower as the volume of peat moss mixed higher. Mixing ratios of substrates suitable for the production of tomato seedlings with the higher quality were peat moss:rice hull:carbonized rice hull:decomposed sawdust:perlite=25:10:25:20:20(v/v). The plant growth was not significant among the different substrate mixtures. However, plant growth such as plant height, leaf area, and total dry weight became significantly increased as EC increasing.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 2003

The study was carried out on the artificial cultivation of the abalone mushroom, Pleurotus cystidiosus O.K.Miller. The pine sawdust substrates with 20% rise bran were good for mycelial growth and high quantity of P. cystidiosus in the bottle cultivation. Moreover, the proper volume for bottle cultivation was 850 ml and the removal of spawn and surface layer of the medium before pin-heading was more efficient. The yields of P. cystidiosus were higher in sawdust substrates added calcium carbonate than those not added calcium carbonate. The volume of 3 kg polypropylene bag is good for yield and biological efficiency in bag cultivation of P. cystidiosus. Cotton wastes were proper substrates for bag cultivation. In the effect of different cultivation temperature, $28{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ cultivation temperature was good for for primordial formation after inoculation.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.629-632
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• 2001

The strain FJ1 isolated from a rotten wood showed high activity to hydrolysis of cellulosic materials. The strain produced largely enzymes related in hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose, such as CMCase, xylanase, ${\beta}-glucosidase$ , and avicelase. The culture conditions(pH, temperature, inoculation concentration) and substrate specificity to various cellulosic materials were examined to elevate productivity of the enzymes. The enzyme activities of CMCase and xylanase were 13.5U/ml and 24.3U/ml in agitation culture using Mandel's medium, respectively. The high activity of the enzymes was earned when mixed cellulosic materials of rice straw, sawdust, and pulp as substrates, indicating that the strain FJ1 could use crystalline substrates.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.179-183
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• 2016

Button mushroom(Agaricus bisporus) are cultivated on wheat straw or rice straw based compost. In this study different compost formular, sawdust as carbon source and chicken manure as nitrogen source were used for button mushroom cultivation. Two steps of sufficient composting process was required to be successful in the cultivation. 1) the substrates are needed to be mixed periodically under the aerobic condition in the phase I process. 2) the temperature is need to be maintained between 55 and 65? for more than three days in the phase II process. Results showed that button mushroom was possible to grow normally with sawdust based compost. However the mushroom yield was less than that of the conventional compost formular(rice straw or wheat straw). The new compost formular developed from this study may be useful but further research may need to improve button mushroom cultivation more efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2000

Culture maturity assessment can be used to control fruiting body flush timing. Culture maturity of sawdust-based substrate was evaluated by using oak mushroom, (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler). The influence of substrate water potential (${\psi}$) on the growth and fruiting of three genotypes of L. edodes was also investigated. Glucosamine content revealed a peak at the fruiting body senescent stage. Glucosamine increased steadily to the sporophore senescent stage, and sharply declined at crop treatment. Lipid phosphate and ergosterol contents peaked at pinning and button break stages, respectively. Therefore lipid phosphate and ergosterol contents would be considered as the convenient measurement for judging culture maturity and fruiting potentials. The substrate pH values before inoculation and on the fruiting stage were varied from 6.3 to 4.0. This pH changes were detected as changes in color from bluish purple to yellow by direct bromphenol blue(BPB) spraying, and shown a good correlation with fruit body yield of the 1 st flush. Concerning water potential of the cultures, a slight reduction of water potential, -0.5MPa, stimulated mycelial and colony growths on liquid, agar and sawdust-based substrates. The water potential of well-colonized matured substrate was -0.7MPa and -4.0MPa, before and after the fruiting, respectively. Excellent water providing capacity (higher ${\psi}$) is expected to well-matured cultures with a high density of mycelial colonization. Also, the substrate water potential significantly affected by the interaction between genotypes and spawn run time.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.105-109
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• 2011

This study was carried out to select the suitable substrates for bag cultivation of Lentinula edodes. We investigated the optimal additive materials and its mixing ratio in bag cultivation of L. edodes, Sanjo 701 ho. The suitable substrates for L. edodes bag cultivation were oak sawdust as new material plus deffatted corn flour, and corn husk as an additive at the ratio 8:1:1(v/v), as the result of shorter mycelial growth, higher biological efficient, and a higher yield than any other substrates.

• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.423-434
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• 2015

The study was conducted to compare the effects of different agro-wastes on the growth, yield, and nutritional composition of oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Pleurotus cystidiosus (PC). Seven substrate formulas including sawdust (SD), corncob (CC), sugarcane bagasse (SB) alone and in combination of 80 : 20, 50 : 50 ratio between SD and CC, SD and SB were investigated. The results indicated that different substrate formulas gave a significant difference in total colonization period, characteristics of fruiting bodies, yield, biological efficiency (BE), nutritional composition and mineral contents of two oyster mushrooms PO and PC. The results showed that increasing CC and SB reduced C/N ratio, and enhanced some mineral contents (Ca, P, and Mg) of substrate formulas. The increased amount of CC and SB of substrate formulas enhanced protein, ash, mineral contents (Ca, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn) of fruiting bodies of both mushrooms. Substrates with 100% CC and 100% SB were the most suitable substrate formulas for cultivation of oyster mushrooms PO and PC in which they gave the highest values of cap diameter, stipe thickness, mushroom weight, yield, BE, protein, fiber, ash, mineral content (Ca, K, and Mg) and short stipe length. However, substrate formula 100% CC gave the slowest time for the first harvest of both mushrooms PO and PC (46.02 days and 64.24 days, respectively). It is also found that the C/N ratio of substrate formulas has close correlation with total colonization period, mushroom weight, yield, BE and protein content of mushroom PO and PC.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.2 s.85
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• pp.265-274
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• 1998

This study was carried out to obtain the basic data for an artificial cultivation of Phellinus sp.. The optimum conditions for the mycelial growth on the different sawdusts (Quercus aliena, Morns alba and Alnus japonica) substrate of an isolated Phellinus sp. were optimized by response surface methodology. The ratio of rice bran addition to sawdust and the suitable moisture content for the mycelial growth in the all sawdust media were about 30% (w/w) and $65{\sim}70%$ (w/v), respectively. The initial pHs for the mycelial growth of Quercus aliena and Morns alba were in the range of $pH\;5{\sim}6$, whereas Alnus japonica was obtained at pH 6. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was about $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$, depending on the different kinds of wood substrates. From the response surface analysis, the values of independent variables of Quercus aliena at stationary points were determined to be 31.01 % (w/w) of rice bran, pH of 5.31 and 69.03% (w/v) of moisture content, and the expected value of mycelial growth was about 8.32 cm. Both the ratio of rice bran addition to sawdust $(X_1)$ and moisture content $(X_3)$ were effective to the mycelial growth. In the case of Morns alba, the ratio of rice bran addition to sawdust, initial pH and moisture content at the stationary points were 28.77% (w/w), 5.28 and 69.8 (w/v),respectively, and the expected mycelial growth of 7.60 cm was obtained. Stationary points for the mycelial growth in the sawdust media of Alnus japonica were 28.74% (w/w) of rice bran, pH of 6. 04 and 66.96% (w/v) of moisture content, and the expected values of mycelial growth was about 5.38 cm. Based on the above results, there was correlations between the mycelial growth and independent variables, and the effect of rice bran $(X_1)$ and initial pH $(X_2)$ for the mycelial growth were higher than the moisture content $(X_3)$. The optimum species of sawdust media for the my celial growth of Phellinus sp. was in the order of Quercus aliena > Morns alba > Alnus japonica.